Словарь (стр. 2 )

6.1.Match the words to their definitions.

1.	responsible	a.	without enough food, education, and all the things that are necessary for people to live a happy and comfortable life
2.	discourage	b.	giving you confidence or hope
3.	refund	c.	try to prevent somebody from doing something
4.	concern	d.	buildings, services, equipment, etc. that are provided for a particular purpose
5.	deprived	e.	something that could be dangerous or cause damage or accidents
6.	complain	f.	having the job or duty of doing sth or taking care of sb/sth, so that you may be blamed if sth goes wrong
7.	facilities	g.	make somebody able to avoid doing something difficult or unpleasant
8.	disabled	h.	say that you are not satisfied with something
9.	hazard	i.	a feeling of worry about something, especially one that a lot of people have about an important issue
10.	remote	j.	unable to use part of their body or brain properly because of injury or disease
11.	encouraging	k.	far away from other cities, towns, or people
12.	save	l.	money you get back, especially because or have decided you do not want something any more

6.2. 'COMPLAIN' and its derivatives. Translate the following sentences.

1.  It is strange that they should complain; they've already been given a 10% raise.

2.  The customers had to lodge a formal complaint about the way they were treated.

3.  Do we need to investigate all complaints so thoroughly? Quite a few of them look absolutely groundless.

4.  An alarming number of complaints have been filed against him. Something must be done about it.

5.  Local residents shouldn't complain about the noise from the airport, as they came to live here after it had been built.

6.  Этот крем можно использовать при лёгких (minor) кожных заболеваниях.

7.  Естественно, что она часто жалуется на головные боли, ведь она столько работает!*

8.  Ну не странно ли, что им не на что даже пожаловаться?*

9.  Новый комитет должен будет разбираться с жалобами на полицию.

10.  Не удивительно, что он страдает сердечным заболеванием.*

* Translate the sentence using 'should'. See Gr. ex. 6.21

Ex. 6.3. 'CONCERN' and its derivatives. Translate the following sentences.

1.  It is natural that many people should express concern over moves to restore the death penalty.

2.  He set up a small company concerned in the real estate business.

3.  It's not surprising that there should be growing concern about the safety of mobile phones.

4.  It was suggested that considerable concern should be voiced over the proposed changes in the law.

5.  It is essential that the issue of alcohol-related crime should become a matter of great public concern.

6.  Интересно, что результатом его изысканий стал ряд газетных публикаций о проблемах перенаселённых городов.

7.  Несколько раз справлялись (There were some inquiries) относительно его здоровья.

8.  Я принимаю решения в отношении финансов.

9.  Взволнованные матери нетерпеливо поджидали своих детей.

10.  Говорят, что он был замешан в заговоре (plot).

6.4. 'DEPRIVE' and its derivatives. Translate the following sentences.

1.  It was proposed that they should be imprisoned and deprived of their basic rights.

2.  The local authorities wouldn't admit the fact that the refugees suffered terrible deprivations.

3.  The deprivations of war couldn't but affect his health.

4.  It's ridiculous that he should say he had a deprived childhood.

5.  С какой стати лишать себя таких простых радостей (simple pleasures)?

6.  Комитет настаивал, чтобы он был лишён права выступать на соревнованиях.

7.  Жизненно необходимо, чтобы они учредили благотворительное общество для помощи детям из нуждающихся семей.

8.  Правительство не имеет право отворачиваться от жертв наводнения (the flood victims), лишённых самого необходимого (the bare necessities of life).

6.5. 'DISABLED'. Translate the following sentences.

1.  He is said to have temporarily been disabled.

2.  It was demanded that the hotel should have special facilities for welcoming disabled people.

3.  It is important that the theatre should have good access for the disabled.

4.  Местным властям следует делать для инвалидов значительно больше.

5.  Он родился с физическими недостатками.

6.  Он чудом выжил после аварии с мотоциклом, но получил серьёзные телесные повреждения.

6.6. 'DISCOURAGE' and its derivatives. Translate the following sentences.

1.  The city council must take measures to discourage the use of cars in the city centre.

2.  It is not strange that he should sound discouraged by the lack of progress in the talks.

3.  It is doubtful that he should never know discouragement.

4.  It is discouraging that so little progress has been made in banning nuclear weapons.

5.  Надеюсь, что плохая погода не отобьёт у людей желания приехать.

6.  То, что она сказала, не могло меня обескуражить.

7.  Мы пытались отговорить её от поездки в одиночестве, но она и слушать нас не желала.

8.  Удручённый провалом, он отказался от мысли стать профессиональным политиком.

6.7. 'ENCOURAGE' and its derivatives. Translate the following sentences.

1.  It is typical (Символично) that your appreciation of his work should encourage him greatly.

2.  Children must always be encouraged by their parents' example.

3.  They were able to encourage the young talent by sending the singer to the Bolshoi theatre for a course of study.

4.  It was suggested that his new project should be given warm encouragement.

5.  Не удивительно, что его оптимизм вдохновил нас.

6.  Вы должны быть признательны ей за эти ободряющие слова.

7.  Она очень здоровый ребёнок. Нам не приходится уговаривать её поесть ещё немного.

8.  Я приободрился, увидев такие отличные результаты.

6.8. 'FACILITY/ FACILITIES'. Translate the following sentences.

1.  It is essential for holiday-makers that the hotel should have bathing facilities.

2.  My way of life offers no facilities for study.

3.  It was demanded that the shopping facilities at the station should be improved.

4.  Before the conference opened, they should have checked all the facilities, not just the lighting ones.

5.  They insist that all the rooms should have private facilities.

6.  Ваш банк предоставляет (provide) такую услугу как овердрафт (overdraft)?

7.  Странно, что вам не предоставлено таких возможностей /льгот/, как у них.

8.  Все спортивные (athletic) сооружения нужно привести в порядок к первому апреля.

9.  Нелепо, что машина скорой помощи не оборудована аппаратурой, поддерживающей жизнедеятельность организма (life support ~).

6.9. 'HAZARD' and its derivatives. Translate the following sentences.

1.  There must be protection from radiation hazards.

2.  He shouldn't put his reputation to hazard.

3.  He made up his mind to launch an attack against the drug traffickers even at the hazard of his life.

4.  It is not surprising that hearing loss should be an occupational hazard of deep-water diving.

5.  Everyone should be aware of the hazards of modern warfare.

6.  Естественно, что загрязнение окружающей среды является крупным источником опасности для здоровья.

7.  Забавно, что одиночество является одним из производственных рисков писателя.

8.  Типичным является то, что каждое новое предприятие содержит элемент риска.

9.  Он не из тех, кто станет рисковать.

10.  Он ни за что не разрешал сыну принять участие в экспедиции, т. к. считал её слишком рискованной.

6.10. 'REFUND'. Translate the following sentences.

1.  The patients insist that they should be entitled to free prescriptions and a refund of travel costs to and from the hospital.

2.  The store should have a policy of refunding any customer who is not satisfied.

3.  She was told by the sales assistant that she couldn't have a refund without a receipt.

4.  His friends recommended that he should try and get a full refund on the returned ticket.

5.  The back of the form tells you how to claim your refund.

6.  Вы получите полное возмещение расходов в случае отказа от поездки на отдых.

7.  Он решил вернуть рубашку в магазин и потребовать назад свои деньги.

8.  Университет не в состоянии возвращать плату за обучение (tuition fees) студентам, не окончившим курса.

9.  Они потребовали, чтобы я возместила стоимость испорченной книги.

6.11. 'REMOTE' and its derivatives. Translate the following sentences.

1.  What he said was infinitely remote from the truth.

2.  The principle of his actions is often remote from the actions themselves.

3.  Adulthood and responsibility seemed impossibly remote.

4.  It's natural that they should feel very remote and lonely living out in the country.

5.  She had never imagined being able to visit such remote countries.

6.  У меня нет ни малейшего представления, о чём он говорит.

7.  Странно, что сходство (resemblance) между братьями такое слабое.

8.  Он великий путешественник, и, по-видимому, побывал в самых дальних странах.

9.  Он отказывался признаться, что его рассказ не был смешным даже чуть-чуть.

10.  Эти случаи были связаны друг с другом весьма отдалённо.

The incidents were only remotely connected.

6.12. 'RESPONSIBLE' and its derivatives. Translate the following sentences.

1.  They insist that the farmer should be held responsible for the damage done by his animals.

2.  The manager is supposed to be responsible for the general running of the department to the President of the company.

3.  Mike is considered to be responsible for designing the entire project.

4.  Cigarette smoking is known to be responsible for about 90% of deaths from lung cancer.

5.  The police insist that schools should adopt a very responsible attitude towards the problem.

6.  Вполне естественно, что родители чувствуют свою ответственность, когда что-то идёт не так.

7.  Прежде всего, было безответственно со стороны школы допустить, чтобы такое случилось.

8.  Сколько времени они проведут в тюрьме, если их признают виновными?

9.  Считалось, что он был виновен в этой аварии.

10.  Ей всего 14 лет, но, как говорят, она абсолютно надёжный человек.

6.13. 'SAVE'. Translate the following sentences.

1.Setting down clear rules from the start will save arguments later on.

2.Democrats argue (утверждают) their plan will save the government money in the future.

3.If you could tell her, that would save me phoning her.

4.I suggest that you should buy a machine with a grass box: it'll save you the bother of raking up (сгребать) the grass.

5.  Наконец, он продал свой загородный дом, что избавило его от многих хлопот и расходов.

6.  Интернет освобождает меня от необходимости писать письма.

7. Если вы назначите встречу по телефону, вам не надо будет ждать.

8.  Спасибо, что отослал письмо за меня. Это избавило меня от необходимости идти на почту.

6.14. Fill in the blanks with prepositions if necessary.

1.  The report is concerned … the relationship between politics and the law.

2.  The prime minister and his ministers are all responsible … Parliament.

3.  Factory workers who lost their jobs are bitterly complaining … the way they've been treated.

4.  Families with more than four children can get a full refund … the construction costs.

5.  Frank had encouraged Diana … her ambition to become a model.

6.  There's a lot of public concern … modern farming methods.

7.  If anyone makes a complaint … the police, it will be thoroughly investigated.

8.  As he knew next to nothing about the jobs offered, he selected one … hazard.

9.  Who gave them the right to deprive someone … his life?

10.  You have no cause … complaint.

11.  She failed in two exams; it might discourage her … missing classes.

12.  I hold him to be responsible … it.

13.  Managers have become increasingly remote … their junior employees.

14.  The extremists encouraged the people … hostility.

15.  The new secretary is expected to save us … the bother … checking this information.

6.15. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the following words complain, complaint, concern, concerned, deprive, disabled, discouraging, encourage, facility, hazard, refund, remote, responsible, save.

1.  Even where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be … for their children.

2.  The charity is raising money for a new home for the mentally ….

3.  The software has the … to produce high-quality graphics displays.

4.  The government is chiefly … to ensure control of the economy.

5.  The committee regarded his behaviour as unworthy and made a decision to … him of the title.

6.  Landfill sites raise some important environmental ….

7.  People can't … that they don't get enough information.

8.  It is … to read bad news in every newspaper you open.

9.  We … student participation in our experiments.

10.  I've made up my mind to take the shoes back to the shop and claim a ….

11.  The council has received … that the building is not safe.

12.  You should write the paper in advance. It'll … you a lot of trouble at the end of the term.

13.  The idea of a holiday seems so … I can hardly even imagine it.

14.  Industrial … such as excessive noise and pollution force people out of towns.

6.16. Fill in the blanks using the right form of the phrasal verbs from the list.

1.  I called the hotel to get in touch with Anna, but the clerk told me she had … … without leaving a forwarding address. 2.  The government has decided to … … with its plans to develop the tourist industry in the North-East. 3.  I’m afraid he can’t make this afternoon meeting. Something urgent has … him …. 4.  The severe snowstorm has … the traffic …. 5.  I’m going to bed. We need to … … at about 7.00 tomorrow morning so that we are in time for the plane. 6.  When I left the library, I felt too tired to do any shopping, so I … straight … home. 7.  We are supposed to … … two hours before the take-off. 8.  He was very shy at first, but we persuaded him to … … the game. 9.  I’ll … you … at your house at 7.00 and we’ll go to the disco. Make sure you’re all ready. 10.  The flight is at 12.40, so what time should we … … for the airport? 11.  On the way to the airport his car… …; so when he arrived, the plane to Hong Kong had … …. 12.  … …, will you, there's a police car ahead. 13.  She asked me to help her with her bags, so I … her … at the railway station first and then went to the University. 14.  Everybody seemed to know the song and very soon the whole crowd … … singing it. 15.  I'll call for you on the way to the theatre. Where do you want me to … you …? 16.  The hikers … … the nearest village, as it was getting dark. 17.  As the plane … …, I suddenly felt afraid. 18.  She asked me to tell you she’ll be late. She’s … … in a meeting with a client. 19.  - Do I … … here for New York? - Yes. Could I see your ticket and passport, please? 20.  A few carefully chosen men … … while the rest of the climbers remained in the valley.

break down check in – 2 check out go ahead - 2 head for – 2 hold up – 2 join in – 2 pick up – 2 see off set off – 2 slow down – 2 take off - 2

6.17. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the phrasal verbs from the exercise above.

1.  - Я слышал, ты должен завтра уехать. И куда ты направляешься?

2.  – В Гарвард – решил реализовать свой план. Самолёт в Нью-Йорк отправится в 9 утра, но по новым правилам пассажиры должны зарегистрироваться за 3 часа. Поэтому мне придётся отправиться из гостиницы где-то в 5 часов. Надеюсь, портье не задержит меня при выписке.

3.  – Думаю, тебе надо поехать ещё раньше, ведь по дороге может случиться много всего. Бывает, что ломается машина, или придётся снизить скорость из-за тумана, или что-то ещё.

4.  – Ты не слишком воодушевляешь! Ничего не случится. Меня должен проводить Виктор. Он заедет за мной в 6, и мы успеем. Лучше приходи сегодня в 9. Я устраиваю прощальную вечеринку (throw a farewell party) – присоединяйся!

6.18 Test translation.

Его далёкие предки были первыми поселенцами городка. Этот курорт славится своими возможностями для отдыха и развлечения (recreational). В детстве он был лишён любви и внимания. После длительной задержки самолёт, наконец-то, стал набирать высоту. Они пустились в долгий путь домой. Как только наша политика будет сформулирована, мы намерены двигаться вперёд на всех парах (full steam). Что касается нас, мы согласны. Съёмка (shooting) была произведена кинокамерами с дистанционным управлением. Их отношение обескураживало. Мама очень поддерживала его в работе. Мне не нужна другая сумка, я хочу получить назад свои деньги. Мы помогли ему, чем только могли, так что для жалоб у него нет оснований. Банкротство компании произошло в результате принятия безответственных решений главным исполнительным директором (the CEO's). Пусть моя болезнь не беспокоит вас. Ревматизм сделал его инвалидом. Никакие неудачи не могли его обескуражить. Я так разозлена из-за этого инцидента, что уже набросала проект (to draft) рекламации.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

MODALS AND RELATED VERBS.

Ability/ Permission

Gr. 6.1. Six weeks ago a man and his wife were flying over the jungle when their plane came down in the trees. Last week their bodies were found about twenty miles from where the plane crashed. The woman had written a diary. Read the diary below and say what happened to the two people. Use could, couldn't and was/ were able to.

Thursday	Climbed down from plane. Too shocked to think clearly.
Friday	Too hot to sleep. Heard the noise of insects all night.
Saturday	Got water from a stream. Saw some smoke from the south.
Sunday	Too wet to travel. Kept dry.
Monday	Walked several miles along the bank of a river. River too wide to cross.
Tuesday	Killed and ate a monkey. Heard a plane somewhere above us.
Wednesday	Both too ill to walk. Slept for several hours.

Example

Thursday: We were able to climb down from the plane. We couldn't think clearly because we were so shocked.

Activity: The bodies of the two people were found in a cave. The diary and a bottle half full of water were lying on the ground about fifty metres from the cave. What do you think happened after the woman stopped writing the diary?

Gr. 6.2. The Psycho-Clinic in London helps people with their problems. Below is an advertisement for the plete the sentences using can, could, was/ were able to/ 'll be able to or their negative forms. (Sometimes more than one answer is correct.)

PSYCHO-CLINIC - the answer to your problems.

1 Rosemary, Manchester

Psycho-Clinic is wonderful. My problem was that I... fly. I was afraid of aeroplanes. As soon as my course was over, I... take a flight to the Canary Islands! I had a super holiday. Now I... fly where I like. Next summer I... go to the West Indies. (I... do that every year because I haven't enough money.) I... thank Psycho-Clinic enough.

2 Bernard, Southampton

Now at last I... stand up in front of a group of people! From now on my life will be different. I... do my job much better in future. I often have to give talks to sales people at work. I just … avoid it. In the old days I... sleep for a week before a talk. I... hardly do my work. But now I... give a talk without feeling too nervous. Last week I... get a good night's sleep before talking to a group of twenty people the next day. It's marvellous!

3 Margaret, Cornwall

Yesterday someone asked me for my telephone number, and for the first time in my life I ... give the number without looking in my book. Before I went to Psycho-Clinic I always forgot numbers and names. I... remember them at all. Now, thanks to Psycho-Clinic, I... remember much more. If I see someone in the street tomorrow, I won't need to hide—I … stop and say hello to them.

4 Eugene, Maryland, USA

I didn't like crowds of people. I... go to the theatre or the cinema. I love horse racing, and I... go to the races. But the people at Psycho-Clinic … stop me feeling afraid. Now I... do all those things. Yesterday I... stand in a crowd at a baseball game. I... lead a normal life now. There's an interesting show at the local theatre next week, and I... see it.

Activity: Imagine that you were once a very shy person. You didn't like meeting people and talking to them. Then you went to Psycho-Clinic. Write a few sentences about what the clinic has done for you.

Gr. 6.3. Complete the telephone conversation using phrases from the list below.

can you send can I call you can you hear can I help you can't see could I speak to could you hold could you repeat could you speak could you tell me I'll need I'll put one I'll be on I'll just go I'll hold I'll put you through I'll get back to you

jon: Good morning, the Tech Store, this is Jon speaking.

sara: (1) …Could I speak to… someone in Customer Services, please?

jon: Er. Yes, of course, ................................

___________

mark: Customer Services, Mark speaking, how ................................ ?

sara: I'm calling about your new Samsung DVD players. ................................ if you have any in stock?

mark: ................................ and see. ................................ the line please?

sara: Yes, no problem, ................................ .

__________

mark: Hello? I ................................ any on the shelves. ........................... to check the order status on the computer. (.............................. back?