Сборник «Взрывное дело» № 000/60, 2010г.
Аннотации и ключевые слова на английском языке
Abstracts and key words in English
Section 1. Theoretical and experimental studies on
explosions and fracture of rocks
1.1. Trofimov V. S.
ABOUT THE ACCOUNT OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF TURBULENCE IN MOVEMENT OF MEDIA AT THE DETONATION AND OTHER SHOCK-WAVE PROCESSES
On an example of stationary flat one-dimensional movement of media at a detonation it is shown, that turbulent and laminar movement of media can be described by the equations of an identical kind. For this purpose it is necessary to apply to a part of parameters of a turbulent stream averaging with weight function and to the place of average pressure and average internal energy in the equations and accounting formulas to substitute compound values – effective pressure and effective internal energy.
Key words: turbulent shockwave movement, a detonation, curve shock compressibility, effective pressure, effective internal energy, chemical spike, a selection rule for speed of a detonation.
1.2. Krukov G. M., Vaver P. A.
THE REGULARITY OF THE DISTRIBUTION SIZE FORMATION DURING EXPLOSIVE FRAGMENTATION OF CORE'S MONOLITH OF POTASSIUM SALTS
The article narrates about results of the theoretical researches of the experimental data of explosive fragmentation core's monolith of potassium salts and explosive rock destruction exsecuted at the Department of Blasting MSMU.
Key words: potassium salts, Phenomenological quazistatic wave model, average size of rock fragments, reduction range
1.3. Kazakov N. N.
HYPOTHESIS OF MULTILEVEL CRUSHING OF BREED EXPLOSION
In article the description of the hypothesis of multilevel crushing of breed offered by the author is given by explosion. The hypothesis can be used at studying of processes of crushing of breed by explosion and at the analysis of results of crushing.
Key words: hypothtesis, multilevel crushing, the form of pieces, pseudo-cube, pseudo-tetrahedron, volume, the linear size, surface of piece
1.4. Shvedov K. K.
DEPENDENCE OF DETONATION VELOCITY OF AMMONIUMNITRATE FROM THE CHARGE DIAMETER, THE CRITICAL AND LIMITING VALUES
The detonation velocity of ammonium nitrate porous density from the charge diameter, has been investigated. The charges in steel and paper covers wellused. The critical und limiting values of detonation velocity and charge diameter has been determired. It has been shown that the upper limit detonation velocity exists at the final diameter charges. The experimental results are compared with the calculations.
Key words: ammonium nitrate, explosive, detonation, critical diameter, detonation velocity
1.5. Rakishev B. R.
DETERMINATION OF THE SIZES OF THE BRAKING ZONES IN ROCK MASS BY BLASTHOLE CRUSHING CHARGES
On the basis of model of stage-by-stage development of rock mass explosion theoretical calculation of the sizes of the crushing zones and the radial cracks formed by explosion of blasthole crushing charges is realized. Numerical values of relative radiuses of a cavity, crushing zones and radial cracks are adduced by the different characteristics of applied industrial explosives.
Key words: rock mass, rock destruction by explosion of industrial explosives, a stage of explosion development in rock mass, crushing zones and radial cracks.
1.6. Menzhulin M. G., Trofimov A. V., Afanasev P. I.
FEATURES OF PHYSICAL PROCESSES OF BOULDER DESTRUCTION BY MUD-CAPPING CHARGES OF VARIOUS TYPES OF EXPLOSIVES
In the paper some features of physical processes at contact blast is presented. Dependences of pressure drop on time and blast impulse on physical-mechanical properties of rock and characteristics of explosives are parison of blast impulses of explosion of mud-capping charges of ammonit №6 and gelatinous explosive is executed. Destruction zones of an mud-capping charges are defined.
Key words: oversized, overhead charge, momentum, explosion, contact explosion, demolition, ammonite, gelpor, granite, limestone
Section 2. Development and usage of explosive technologies for
mineral deposits mining
2.1. Varichev A. V., Kretov S. I., Kozub A. V.,
Viktorov S. D., Kazakov N. N., Shlyapin A. V.
EXPLOSIVE WORKS ON DOUBLE LEDGE BLOCKS
In article the detailed description of technology branch and crushing rocks double ledge is resulted by blocks of variable height. Features of adaptation of technology branch and crushing double ledge blocks JSC «Mikhailovsky GOK» are considered.
Key words: explosive works; double ledge blocks; open-cast mine, explosive, the detonation scheme
2.2. Zakalinsky V. M.
DEVELOPMENT OF EXPLOSIVE TECHNOLOGIES
The article discusses the questions of explosive technology and associated prospect of mining technologies in the development of mineral deposits.
Key words: simple explosive, convergence and concentrated charges, rock, mining technology, the scale breaking, car chargers, construction charge.
2.3. Dzigrin A. V., Murin K. M., Mukatov A. R.,
Makhrakov I. V., Dismukhambetov R. A.
Industrial test results of patronize tamp PZS-2K in the mine OJSC «Sevuralboksitruda»
The article presents analysis based on results of various studies on the effect of tamping efficiency and determination of its optimal length, as well as the results of industrial tests patronize tamping PZS-2K in the working environment of mines "SUBR" Ltd.
Key words: tamping, effective energy, impulse, blast, blast-hole, bore
2.4. Belin V. A., Efremovtsev N. N., Efremovtsev A. N., Leskov S. F.,
Bjazrov B. N., Ulko L. D., Gorjushev L. I., Komissarov P. V., Efremovtsev P. N.
DEVELOPMENT AND FIELD TEST RESULTS OF NOVEL INDUSTRIAL ANFO MIXTURES PROVIDING
In present paper the results of field tests of novel enhanced composition of ANFO mixtures are discussed. A novel mixture contains special emulsion instead of hydrocarbon oil. Such emulsion, prepared with ultrasonic and electromagnetic activation process and based on water and surface active agent, being included into the mixture, drastically increases contact surface between the components. Field tests of the charges in weak and strong enclosure were performed. These tests demonstrate effect of special emulsion to 138%, seismic wave intensification and lower acoustic effect. Application possibility of above ANFO mixtures in practice as “soft” explosive sources also discussed.
Key words: field tests, composition of ANFO, special emulsion, crater growth, seismic wave
2.5. Borovikov V. A., Slastenko V. K.
DETERMINATION MICRODAMAGE SPREADING ON ROCK BREAKAGE
The article presents the results of modeling the effects in comauflet blasting of spherical charge IEN on rock the type granite ualues the zone of microdomage in the granite used methool of photoluminescence micropy. Jt was shaun that microcracking intensity declines as the distance from the point of load apnlication increases and its consequent grauth in the scabbing zone
Key words: spherical charge penthrite, camouflet blasting, camouflet caviti, stess waves, fragmentation of rock, the zone of microdamage
2.6. Kovalevskij V. N., Tolstunov S. A., Paramonov G. P.
REGULATION OF PARAMETERS OF DISORDER OF MOUNTAIN WEIGHT AT BREAKING LAYERS PERMAFROST BASED STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN CHARGE
In work the question of management is considered by disorder of mountain weight due to change of a design of a charge. The optimum arrangement of an air interval in a charge of explosive of disorder of mountain weight providing necessary quality is established.
Key words: a charge, explosive, a design, an air interval, mountain weight, disorder
2.7. Lapikov I. N.
ENERGY OF DESTRUCTION AND MEASUREMENTS OF BLASTING DESTRUCTED ROCK PIECES CONNECTION
This article describes connections between quality of rock destruction and energy of destruction. Analytic dependencies of linkage between measurements of rock pieces and energy parameters of their formation are presented.
Key words: energy of destruction, rock piece, pseudo-cube, linear measurement, surface
Section 3. Industrial explosives research
3.1. Shvedov K. K., Belin V. A.
LOW-SENSITIVE EXPLOSIVES SAFETY TURNOVER CONCEPT
The article draws attention to the growing use of the low-sensitive explosives that have the existing explosion safety not applicable for them. The establishment of the unified explosion safety state estimation system is the urgent need that demands solution. It is well known that problems of the labour protection and industrial security are interdepartmental issues and cannot be solved properly by the manufacturers and end users of the explosives without any governmental support.
Key words: explosives, concept, danger of explosion
3.2. Kovalenko I. L., Kuprin V. P.
INTERACTING OF EMULSIVE EXPLOSIVES AND THEIR COMPONENTS WITH SULPHIDIC MINERALS
Results of researches of interacting of emulsive explosives and their components with pyrite are resulted. High sensitivity of the emulsive explosive containing a granulated ammonium nitrate or ANFO to aggressive native sulphides is shown.
Key words: ammonium nitrate, pyrite, emulsive matrix, acidity, spontaneous destruction
3.3. Kukib B. N.
ABOUT SIMPLE CALCULATION METHODS OF THE EXPLOSION HEAT FOR INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSIVES
In these article proposed a new method of balancing an equation of explosive conversion of industrial explosives. Method provides a good correlation between calculated and experimental data on heat of explosion and concentration of toxic gases in products of explosion.
Key words: industrial explosives, heat of explosion, calculation methods
3.4. Starshinov A. V., Litovka O. B., Kolpakov V. I., Grigoriev G. S.
INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSIVES EFFICIENCY DETERMINATION DEMAND ON CHANGE OF THE SIZES OF THE LEAD COLUMN THROUGH THE AIR INTERVAL
Results of determination of explosive efficiency various types of explosives on change of the sizes of a lead column through an air interval and a massive anvil are presented. It is shown that the result of experiment has high sensitivity to change of type and characteristics of explosives. Result as strongly depends on parametres of test parison settlement and experimental data characterising behavior of system is presented. Calculations are carried out by means of numerical methods of mechanics of the continuous environment.
Key words: industrial explosives, explosive efficiency, test methods, numerical calculations
3.5. Shalaev M. S., Paramonov G. P.
TO THE QUESTION OF INCREASE OF EFFICIENCY OF THE SHIELDING CRACK DUE TO THE CHOICE OF THE RATIONAL DESIGN OF THE PLANIMETRIC CHARGE
In given work was investigated how the construction of а contour charge influenced on relieve slot opening and valuated the seismic efficiency from formed slot to screening stress waves from blast
Key words: а relieve slot, screening efficiency, construction of the contour charge, controlled blasting, stress waves
3.6. Starshinov A. V.
ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CURRENT SUBMISSIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL DATA ON EXPLOSION MECHANISMS OF CONDENSED EXPLOSIVES
Some results of analysis and comparison of modern ideas on detonation mechanism for condensed explosives in different physical conditions are presented. Experimental data for liquid nitro compounds as well as for mixtures on the basis of ammonium nitrate are provided.
Key words: explosion, detonation, detonation mechanism, condensed explosives, liquids, crystal state, dispersed systems, charge structure, critical detonation diameter, testing methods
Section bustion and explosion usage in various technological processes
4.1. Dudin S. V., Lavrov V. V., Savchenko A. V., Ushnurtsev A. E,
Mintsev V. B., Leont’ev A. A., Shurupov A. V., Fortov V. E.
SUBSTITUTION OF THE STATE HE FOR THE EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE OF SIMPLE COMPOSITION FOR EXPLOSIVE-DRIVEN MAGNETIC GENERATOR
The investigations, aimed at the problem of substitution of state brisant HE for the simple explosive compositions for explosive-driven magnetic generators used in mobile testing systems are conducted. It is shown that as HE, alternative to the state one, the compositions on the base of ammonium nitrate with emulsive physical structure can be used. The new scheme of initiation is elaborated. This scheme allows refusing the use of standard means of initiation at the detonation of the emulsive explosive charges. The results of relative experiments have shown the identity of the explosive generators work, using the explosion energy of state and emulsive explosive.
Key words: High explosive, emulsive explosive, explosive-magnetic generator, detonation, initiation
4.2. Sadykov I. F., Soldatova A. S., Badretdinova L. H.
BEHAVIOR OF STRUCTURE OF COMPOSITION OF THE THERMOSOURCE AND ITS OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS DEPENDING ON THE STORAGE TIME
In article results of studying of structure of samples of composition of a thermosource in the tight execution, applied in the device for thermoimplosion processing of oil wells, and also operational characteristics of a charge of a thermosource depending on a storage time from 1 till 18 months are resulted.
Key words: thermosource, microstructure, durability on compression, velocity of burning, storage time
Section 5. Ecology and safety at blasting
5.1. Annikov V. E., Apolenis A. V.
IMPACT SENSITIVITY AS A CRITERION OF EXPLOSION SAFETY
Impact sensitivity of water-based explosion compositions that content high explosives was investigated. Quantitative criterion of explosion safety was introduced and estimated using a test model of water-based explosion composition.
Key words: explosion composition, impact sensitivity, criterion of explosion safety
5.2. Nikylova V. G., Timonina T. V.
ELECTRICAL DETONATOR WITH THE PREFIXED PARAMETERS AND THE HIGH LEVEL OF SAFETY
Questions about safety development, reliability and functioning accuracy of modern electrical detonators (EDs) remain actual. The article describes new ED development, beginning from scientific basis to manufacturing application. Characteristics comparison of domestic and foreign EDs has been carried out. It has been shown that the ED, developed with the use of the new product for initiation of combustion, provides the high level of safety at handling in industry and during application. ED, indexed "ЭД-3Т", has been developed and set into manufacture.
Key words: electrical detonator, igniter composition
5.3. Artemov V.A., Vinogradov J.I., Gustov S.V.
RESEARCH OF SEISMOSAFE CONDITIONS OF PRODUCTION OF BURO-EXPLOSIVE WORKS NEAR TO A WORKING GAS PIPELINE
Results of measurements of parameters seismoexplosive waves in a near and average seismic zone at conducting explosive works are given. Seismicity’s factor’s values and a fluctuations’ attenuation’s exponent for conditions of building of the main gas pipeline Leningrad – Vyborg - state border are defined. Seismosafe weights of charges for the existing gas pipeline located in 15-18 metres from a place of explosion are calculated.
Key words: explosion, a seismic wave, attenuation factor, seismicity factor, a gas pipeline, weight of a charge, safety
5.4. Larichev А.U., Masur A. S., Kovalevskij V. N., Paramonov G. P.
TO THE QUESTION OF INFLUENCE PARAMETERS OF DRILLING AND BLASTING OPERATIONS ON THE PROCESS OF EDUCATION DUSTY CLOUDS
In work influence of diameter of charges and type of explosives on process of formation of dust and gas clouds on various distances from charge is considered. Dependences intensity of formation various dust fractions and are presented to its concentration on various distances from a place of explosion.
Key words: dust, concentration, an explosive charge, charge diameter, detonation velocity, quarry
5.5. Papichev V. I., Frantov A. E.
ESTIMATION OF ECOLOGICAL AFFECTING NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AT APPLICATION OF DEMILITARIZATION EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS
The comparative estimation of different load explosion products of demilitarization explosive materials contained in dust - gas cloud, the main components of the environment, based on the volume of resource consumption.
Key words: demilitarization explosive materials, environmental impact, toxicity, pollutants, stress on the environment
Section 6. Information events
Derzhavets Abram Semenovich (to the 75-th anniversary)
Kryukov Georgi Mikhailovich (to the 80-th anniversary)
The energy of the peaceful explosion for country elaboration (to the Sosnin Vyacheslav Alexandrovich 60-th anniversary)
Shvedov Konstantin Konstantinovich - obituary
Shuvalov Yuri Vasilievitch - obituary
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