Учебно-методическая разработка по английскому языку «Let’s practise!»

ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ

КАЗАНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ФИНАНСОВО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ

Кафедра иностранных языков

УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКАЯ РАЗРАБОТКА

по английскому языку

«Let’s practise!»

(Part I)

(грамматические упражнения к учебнику «English for students of Economics» часть I)

Казань 2007

Обсуждена на заседании кафедры 08.05.07, протокол

Автор: преподаватель

Рецензент: ст. преп.

Данная учебно-методическая разработка предназначена для аудиторной работы студентов I курса и является I частью приложения к учебнику «English for students of Economics» (часть I), рекомендованного УМО по образованию в области лингвистики Министерства образования Российской Федерации.

Пособие включает в себя упражнения, направленные на формирование базовых грамматических навыков и активизацию их в речевой деятельности.

Содержание данной разработки соответствует учебной программе по предмету «Английский язык» КГФЭИ и соответствует требованиям Государственного образовательного стандарта.

Contents:

1. Parts of speech……………………………………………………………….- 4 -

2. Questions …………………………………………………………………….- 6 -

2.1 General questions……………………………………………………… -

2.2 Wh-questions …………………………………………………………- 7 -

2.3 Tag questions …………………………………………………………- 9 -

2.4 Questions revision …………………………………………………

3. Some, any, no ………………………………………………………………- 12 -

parison ………………………………………………………………

5. Modals …………………………………………………………………….

6. Tenses ………………………………………………………………………- 19 -

6.1 Present simple / Present continuous ………………………………. -

6.2 Present perfect / Past simple ...........................................................

6.3 Future actions ……………………………………………………….- 23 -

7. Reported speech ………………………………………………………….

8. Passive voice ……………………………………………………………….- 27 -

9. Gerund ……………………………………………………………………

10. Participle I, II …………………………………………………………… - 30 -

1. PARTS OF SPEECH

plete the table:

Verb	Noun	Adjective	Noun
Educate Improve Pay Govern Spell Translate Arrange	education	Stupid Dark Weak Similar Punctual Sad Popular

II. Make up the nouns to complete the text below:

In his first broadcast on television since he won the (2)………. last month, the Prime Minister promised to make health and (3)………. two of his top priorities. And in a strong attack on the previous (4)………., he said that the present (5)………. of the British economy was caused entirely by their (6)………. and bad (7)………. . He said he would act immediately and hoped the British people would be able to see clear signs of an (8)………. in the economy by the end of the year.

III. Write down the agent who does these things:

Example: farm – farmer

1.  act –

2.  employ –

3.  football –

4.  sing –

5.  psychology –

6.  economics –

7.  translate –

8.  manage –

IV. Look at the example and complete the rest of the definitions:

Example: An actor is a person who acts in films, plays on TV.

1)  A journalist is a person who ………. .

2)  A ballet dancer is a person who ………. .

3)  A film director is a person who ………. .

4)  A bank manager is a person who ………. .

5)  An employer is a person who ………. .

6)  A pop singer is a person who ………. .

7)  A translator is a person who ………. .

8)  A lorry driver is a person who ………. .

9)  A photographer is a person who ………. .

10)  An artist is a person who ………. .

V. Write down an adjective (or adjectives) formed from these nouns or verbs:

Example: thought - thoughtful

dirt pain comfort use

attract care knowledge fame

create danger suit rely

fog politics sun wash

home enjoy music break

VI. Fill in the gaps with suitable adjectives from the above exercise:

1) You must be very ………. when you drive in wet weather.

2) It was so ………. this morning that I couldn't see more than twenty metres in front of me.

3) Everyone in my country has heard of her; she's very ………. .

4) The people in the tourist information office were very ………. and answered all our questions without any problems.

5) This is a very ………. road; there were at least three serious accidents on it last year.

6) It was very ………. when I hit my leg against the corner of the table.

7) This bag is very ………. because I can use it for work or when I go on holiday.

8) We've never had any problems with our TV in ten years; it's been very ………. .

9) The factory is in the middle of the ………. part of the city, surrounded by other factories.

10) It seems terrible to me that there are so many ………. people living in a city with thousands of empty houses.

VII. How many of these words can form opposites with the suffix - less?

painful wonderful useful careful

beautiful tactful awful thoughtful

VIII. Choose the adjectives from tasks V, VII which can describe each of these people or things:

1) the weather

2) someone who is a very bad driver

3)  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

4)  a large city

5)  Albert Einstein

6)  a new car

7)  a speech

8)  yourself

2. QUESTIONS

2.1 General questions

I. What would you say in these situations?

Example: You want to know if Mark has been to Los Angeles. Ask Sarah. -

Has Mark been to Los Angeles?

1)  You want to know if Laura plays tennis. Ask Trevor.

2)  You are wondering if Claire enjoyed her holiday. Ask her.

3)  You need to know if David will be at a club tonight. Ask him.

4)  You want to know if the train is on time. Ask Mark.

5)  You are wondering if Mike and Harriet go camping. Ask David.

6)  You want to ask Matthew if you can borrow his car.

7)  You want to know if Nick has got a motorbike. Ask him.

2.2 Wh-questions

I. Put the words in the questions in the right order:

1) Where / you / born / were?

2) Where / you / did / grow up?

3) What / like / did / you / doing / at school?

4) What /like / were / you / as / a young child?

5) When / decide / you / did / an actor / to become?

6) How / parents / your / did / react?

7) What / say / when / told / did / you / they / them?

8) How / you / when / old / left / were / you / home?

9) What / job / first / your / in the theatre / was?

10) What / of / directors / working / kind / with / you / do / like?

II. Put in these words and phrases: how far, how long, how often, how many, what, what colour, what kind, when, where, who:

1) What colour is the Greek flag? Blue and white.

2) ………. is Melbourne? It's in Australia.

3) ………. centimeters are there in a kilometer? A hundred thousand.

4) ………. did the Second World War end? In 1945.

5) ………. is Cerise? It's a star.

6) ………. is it from LA to San Francisco? About 400 miles.

7) ………. are the Olympic Games held? Every four years.

8) ………. of food is Cheddar? It's cheese.

III. Complete the past simple question in the extracts from conversations. Which extracts come from a conversation about a holiday, and which from a conversation about a job interview?

Example: Did you have a good time? (Holiday). – Yes, we did, thanks. The weather was good and the hotel was lovely.

1)  Where ……….? – In a small hotel just next to the beach.

2)  Did ……….? – Yes, very nervous. My hands were shaking!

3)  What ……….? – Lots of things – my education, interests, and career.

4)  Why ……….? – Because a friend told us that it was a nice place, and he was right.

5)  How much ……….? – Don’t ask! It was very expensive, but we enjoyed ourselves so it didn’t matter!

6)  How long ……….? – About 45 minutes, and they spent a few minutes showing me round the office.

7)  What ………? – I bought a new suit specially.

8)  Did ………? – Yes, wonderful. We ate fantastic seafood every night.

9)  How many ………..? – Three, but one of them never said anything.

10) How long ……….? – Just a week. It wasn’t really long enough.

IV. Write questions to the underlined words :

1) It takes four hours to get there.

2) They left the country ten years ago.

3) I've been here for two months.

4) They (the students) went to the museum yesterday.

5) They (the neighbours) complained about the smell.

6) He got in by climbing over the wall.

7) John bought them (the tickets).

8) He (Guy Fawkes) tried to blow up Parliament.

9) I'd like to speak to Mr Jones please.

10) I threw it away because I was tired of it.

11) There are four (hotels in the town).

12) I borrowed my brother's car.

V. Linda Magee, a television news reporter, was interviewed about her day. Use the underlined sections of the article to write the interviewers questions:

I get up around 7.00, some time before my husband, Alan. He’s a photographer, so he can often choose the time of the day that he wants to work. I don’t have breakfast, because I eat a lot of snacks in the studio, but I get breakfast for the kids before I leave the house. They usually have fruit and cereal or toast. I generally walk or cycle to work unless the weather’s bad, and it takes about half an hour on foot and about ten minutes by bike. When I arrive, I discuss the day’s main stories with the news editor over a cup of coffee. We usually prepare the midday news after that, but sometimes new stories come in and we have to start again. At 11.00 Sandy, the hair and make-up assistant, gets me ready for the camera. Just before the broadcast I often feel nervous, even after all these years! The programme starts at exactly 12.00 and lasts 20 minutes. Then it’s back to the news editor to do the whole thing again in time for the 4.00 broadcast.

2.3 Tag questions

0

I. Add tags to help start a friendly conversation:

1)  You haven't lived here long, have you? - No, only three months.

2)  It's quite a big garden, .…….. ? - Yes, there's plenty of room.

3)  There aren't many people here yet, .………? - No, but it is still quite early.

4)  You're Rachel's friend, ...…….? - Yes, I'm Vicky.

5)  You came in a sports car, .……..? - That's right.

6)  These burgers look good, ……….? - I can't wait to try them.

7)  We can sit on the grass, .………? - I think it's dry enough.

8)  The weather forecast wasn't very good, .……..? - No, it wasn't.

plete each conversation with a statement and a tag:

Example: A: It’s much warmer here than I expected.

B: Yes, it’s very hot, isn’t it?

1) A: Nice day today.

B: Yes, ………., … ?

2) A: ………, … . Sally told me.

B. Yes, just a month ago. The old house was much too small.

3) A: I need some advice about holidays in Greece.

B: Try John. He’s ………., … .

4) A: Sydney ………., …?

B: No, no, Canberra is the capital!

5) A: There isn’t any chocolate left! You ………, …?

B: Oh, er, sorry. Yes.

6) A: ………, …?

B: Yes, I have, actually. She’s in the garden.

III. Work in teams of two to four. Team 1 has one minute to prepare a sentence or exchange using a topic and a tag from the squares below:

Example: Topic: eating out Tag: will you

A: Sorry, that was a terrible meal.

B: Yes, you won’t take me there again, will you?

If the sentence or exchange is grammatically correct, team 1 wins the squares. If it is not grammatically correct, the squares can be used again. Team 2 has a turn, but cannot use any squares already won. The winning team is the one with the most squares.

TOPICS TAGS

a holiday	the weather	animals		would you	isn’t it	wasn’t it
a friend	some news	television	can’t he	haven’t we	weren’t they
a gift	grammar	a good book	do they	aren’t we	don’t you

2.4 Questions revision

I. Put the words in the right order to ask a question:

Example: everyone / is / ready – Is everyone ready?

1)  been / have / where / you

2)  do / postcards / sell / you

3)  belong / calculator / does / this / to / who

4)  is / like / new / office / what / your

5)  are / here / how / long / staying / you

6)  are / flights / full / of / the / which

7)  carnival / does / start / the / time / what

8)  decided / has / holiday / Nancy / on / what

II. Write sentences correctly:

Example: Would like you to go sailing? – Would you like to go sailing?

1)  Do you be a student here?

2)  How many cakes have eaten you?

3)  Enjoyed you your walk?

4)  Where your friends have gone?

5)  What kind music do you like?

6)  Does Peter plays tennis?

7)  About what are you talking?

8)  What has it happened?

III. You work for a market research company. Use the notes below to write the questions for a survey about sport and leisure activity. Present your findings to the class.

Example: Do you do any sport or leisure activities? What do you do in winter and summer?

1.  types of sport and leisure activity. Winter / summer 2.  membership of clubs / societies 3.  times: weekends, evenings, other? 4.  location and frequency of activities 5.  spending on equipment, clothes etc. 6.  individual or team sports?

Carry out the class survey. Work in pairs. Each pair asks everyone in the class one question from the survey.

3. SOME, ANY, NO

I. Use some-, any-, every-, no - and - one, - body, - thing, - where:

Example: Never trust anybody with such manners.

1) Let me see if there is.......... we can do for you.

2) If .......... happens to the car, how shall I get to the country?

3) There should be........... behind all this.

4) Barbara was a teacher from........... near Newcastle.

5) Emily refuses to have.......... to do with Jim.

6) Shall I bring you.......... to drink?

7) Nobody can find out.......... about that man.

8) Yesterday we couldn't find you.......... Where were you?

9) Hardly ………. knew how to respond to this.

10) Many people think that the bad weather has …..…. to do with all the satellites in space.

11) You're wrong. There's.......... strange about the man. He is a decent chap.

12) We looked for a policeman, but there was.......... around.

13) - Do you have any clue to this? — .......... whatsoever.

14) I answered every single question. My opponent answered.......... .

of us understood the play.

16) Don't be so nosy! It's.......... of your business.

II. Translate into English:

1) Что-то не так? Я вижу, что-то беспокоит тебя.

2) Ник­то не может быть в безопасности в этой горячей точ­ке (a trouble spot). Все что угодно может случиться в любой момент.

3) Ничто не может быть лучше, чем чашечка горячего чая.

4) Ей абсолютно некуда пой­ти. Ни семьи, ни друзей.

5) Боюсь, что это никуда нас не приведет (to get).

6) - Тебе есть где остановиться? - К сожалению, я никого здесь не знаю.

7) В сегодняшней программе нет ничего особен­ного.

8) Нигде он не был так счастлив, как в кругу семьи.

9) Ни один из сотрудников (colleagues) не говорил по-япон­ски.

10) Нам нужен кто-нибудь, кто бы сделал эту работу.

11) Знаешь, я что-то забыла взять, хотя и не помню что.

12) Тебе следовало это увидеть, это было нечто!

13) Если полиция арестует вас, ничего не говори­те, пока не приедет ваш адвокат (lawyer).

14) Как видишь, ничто не изменилось.

15) Ничто не ново под луной.

PARISON

plete the sentences using the comparative or the superlative form of the adjectives given in brackets.

Example: Nothing could be ………. (extravagant) than buying such an expensive car. – Nothing could be more extravagant than buying such an expensive car.

1) You will have to be ………. (careful) with your money in future.

2) Life is getting ………. (hard) and ………. (complicated) with every passing day.

3) It is ………. (effective) method of all, but it is naturally costly.

4) Stephen is ………. (intelligent) than any other boy in his group.

5) It's ………. (little) I can do for you, I'm afraid.

6) That was ………. (bad) than he had expected.

7) That was indeed ……….. (bad) experience in his career.

8) This is ………. (unbelievable) news I have ever heard.

9) Angela is ………. (little) organized than Mike.

10) If you ask me, St. Petersburg is ………. (beautiful) than any other city in the world.

11) It is axiomatic that ………. (great) the student's individual effort, ………. (much) thorough will be his learning.

12) The ……….. (much) original a discovery, the ……….. (much) obvious it seems afterwards.

II. Read and translate the following colourful and unusual comparisons. Make up sentences with them:

1. as different as chalk and cheese

2. as scarce as hen's teeth

3. as dark as inside of a wolf

4. as black as two o'clock in the morning

5. as happy as a dog with two tails

6. as nervous as a brick wall

7. as brave as the first man who ate an oyster

8. as cold as an ex-wife's heart

9. as big as the little end of nothing

10. as noisy as two skeletons dancing on a tin roof

plete the given phrases:

1) The sooner, .......... .

2) The longer the day (is), .......... .

3) The more we learn, .......... .

4) The more expensive the wedding, .......... .

5) The later one goes to bed, .......... .

6) The better the idea, .......... .

7) The sunnier the weather, .......... .

8) The more knowledge you get, .......... .

9) The broader your outlook, .......... .

10) The richer your vocabulary, .......... .

11) The less chocolate you eat, .......... .

12) The more kids you have, ...……. .

13) The smarter a person is, .......... .

14) The longer we study English, .......... .

IV. Correct the wrong sentences:

1) Silver isn't as expensive as gold.

2) Indian food is the nicer than Chinese, I think.

3) The telephone is one of the most useful inventions ever.

4) I feel a much better now, thank you.

5) The longer you wait, so the harder it'll be.

6) The piano is heavier than the sofa.

7) This is the most quickest way to the hotel.

8) You're taller than he is.

9) Who is cleverest student of the class?

10) The weather is getting hotter and more hotter.

pare:

two different fruits	reading and writing	your physical appearance now with the way you looked as a child
a cat and a dog	comedy and tragedy	two movie stars
two flowers	being single and being married	two holidays
rock music and classical music	two of your friends	two of your teachers
two academic subjects	your life now with what it was like ten years ago	children with parents

VII. Talk on the suggested topics using as many language of comparison as possible.

ü  Your proudest achievement.

ü  Your most important decision.

ü  Your most memorable dream.

ü  The best year of your life.

ü  The thing that interests you most in people.

ü  Your greatest regret or disappointment.

ü  The strangest coincidence in your life.

ü  The three most important principles you follow.

ü  Your strongest belief.

5. MODALS

I. Underline the correct modal verb in these sentences:

1) When we were at school, we had to / ought to wear a uniform.

2) You don't have to / mustn't wear your seatbelt during the whole of the flight.

3) You should / have got to tell her that you are sorry.

4) You need / must be a member of the library before you can borrow books.

5) I don't need to / shouldn't wear glasses because my eyesight is still quite good.

6) We weren't allowed to / wouldn't talk to our partner because it was an examination.

7) We needn't have / couldn't have ordered so much food as nobody was hungry.

8) She didn't need / needn't have to take any money because her friend was going to pay.

9) When I first came to Madrid I could /couldn't speak only a few words of Spanish.

10) Did you have to / Must you have your hair cut before the interview last week?

II. Here is some information for visitors to New York City. Write the missing words. Use one word only in each space:

Before you travel to the US, you must find out what documents you need. You'll probably (1)………. to get a visa, but there are different rules for different nationalities. For example, you (2)………. need to show that you have enough money with you. But there's one rule you can be sure about: everyone (3)……….. to show their passport. The roads in New York are very busy, but don't worry - you (4).…….. get around cheaply and easily by subway. Remember that you are not (5)………. to smoke on public transport or in shops. And don't forget either that you are (6).……… to tip taxi drivers and waiters. New York is not the most dangerous city in the US, but you really (7)……….. walk along empty streets at night. And it is safer if you are (8)………. to travel around in a group.

III. Match the first sentence (1-10) with the second one (a-j) to make a short exchange.

1) `Shall we go to a Chinese restaurant this evening?'

2) `May I borrow your calculator for a moment?'

3) `Would you help me get the dinner ready?'

4) `You shouldn't get upset so easily.'

5) `You ought to have gone to the doctor as soon as

you felt bad.'

6) `Do you think I should go and complain to the manager?'

7) `I'm sorry but you can't hand in the assignment a month late.'

8) `Could I have some time off to visit my friend in hospital?'

9) `Can I get you anything from the shops?'

10) `You shouldn't have spoken like that to your mother.'

a) `Not really; I'll be popping out myself in a minute.'

b) `I'd rather stay at home.'

c) `Actually, it would be difficult to do without you right now.'

d) `Could you give me another week then?'

e) `It's up to you really; it depends how strongly you feel.'

f) `I'm sorry but I'm using it.'

g) `I've apologised; what else can I do?'

h) `Do I have to? I've got to do my homework.'

i) `I can't help it; he really makes me furious.'

j) `I couldn't because there was no one to take me.

IV. Decide which word is correct:

1) Everyone's asleep. We ………. make a noise.

a)  couldn't b) mustn't c) needn't d) wouldn't

2) ………. you like to go for a ride with us?

a) Do b) Should c) Will d) Would

3) I wonder if this is the right way. It ………. not be.

a) can b) could c) might d) must

4) I don't think I want to see this film. - Oh, I think you ………. enjoy it.

a) can b) shall c) will d) would

5) I'm quite happy to walk. You ……… drive me home.

a) don't b) haven't c) mustn't d) needn't

6) ………. I show you the way? - Oh, thank you.

a) Do b) Shall c) Will d) Would

7) It's late. I think we ………. better go.

a) had b) have c) should d) would

8) We all tried to push the van, but it ………. move.

a) can't b) couldn't c) won't d) wouldn't

6. TENSES

6.1 Present Simple / Present Continuous

plete the sentences. Put in the Present Simple forms.

Example: Claire is very sociable. She ………. (know) lots of people. - Claire is very sociable. She knows lots of people.

1) My friend is finding life in Paris very difficult. He ………. (speak) French.

2)  Most students live quite close to the college, so they ………. (walk) there.

3)  My sports kit is very muddy. This shirt ………. (need) a good wash.

4)  I’ve got four cats and two dogs. I ………. (love) animals.

5)  No breakfast for Mark, thanks. He ………. (eat) breakfast.

6)  What’s the matter? You ………. (look) very happy.

7)  Don’t try to ring the bell. It ………. (work).

8)  Matthew is good at badminton. He ………. (win) every game.

9)  We always travel by bus. We ………. (own) a car.

10) We’ve got plenty of chairs, thanks. We ……….. (want) any more.

plete the conversation putting the verbs into the Present Continuous tense.

Andrew: - What (1)………. (you/do)?

Rachel: - (2)………. (I/write) a letter to a friend. Vicky and I (2)……… (try) to organize a disco.

Andrew: - That sounds a lot of work. How (3)………. (you/find) time for your studies?

Rachel: - Well, as I said, Vicky (4)……… (help) me. (5)………. (we/get) on all right. (we/not/spend) too much time on it (6)………. (it/not/take) me away from studies, don’t worry about that. Oh, sorry. (7)………. (you/wait) for this computer?

Andrew: - Yes, but there’s not hurry.

Rachel: - (8)………. (I/correct) the last bit of the letter. I’ve nearly finished.

III. Complete this letter with the correct form of the Present Simple or the Present Continuous. Use each verb in the list once.

stand seem write be make shine stay taste look cost feel

0

Dear Jill,

I am writing to you from Granada where everything (1)………. to be going just fine; we (2)…….. nice and relaxed. We (3)………. in a gorgeous hotel just down the road from the Alhambra, which (4)……… an old fortress built by the Moors. It (5)………. at the top of the hill just opposite our hotel and we can see this wonderful building through our window. It (6)……… absolutely magnificent! The hotel is lovely, but unfortunately it (7)………. a lot to stay here! Eating out is great. Have you heard of gazpacho? It's a cold cucumber and tomato soup which they (8)………. with oil, vinegar and garlic and it (9)………. delicious. Well, outside the sun (10)………. so I'm off to get a bit of a suntan; I hope everything's OK back in Birmingham.

6.2 Present Perfect / Past Simple

I. Answer the following questions.

1) Have you ever pretended to be ill to get off work or school?

2) Have you ever cheated in an exam?

3) Have you ever ridden a camel or an elephant?

4) Have you ever read your brother's, sister's or friend's letter which was lying around the house?

5) Have you ever hidden any of your earnings from the tax inspector?

6) Have you ever taken anything home with you from the hotel?

7) Have you ever travelled without a ticket on public transport?

8) Have you ever told lies and invented stories about yourself to impress other people?

9) Have you ever met any people who could speak Swahili?

10) Have you answered all the questions honestly?

II. Have you done any exciting or interesting things? Write down two or three things. Find out what other people in your class have done.

III. Say if the given below words and phrases express finished or unfinished time. Make up sentences of your own with them to illustrate the difference.

Today, yesterday, this morning, ever, never, always, when I was nine, until I was nine, since I was nine, after I got up, since I got up, three years ago, for the last three years, this year, last year, for the last year, in 1998, since 1997, recently, lately, so far, just now, just, up till now.

IV. Use the Past Simple or the Present Perfect of the verbs in brackets.

1) You ………. (see) Jane today? — Yes, I ………. (see) her at about nine, but I not ………. (see) her since then.

2) I always want to go to Scotland, but I never ……… (manage) to get there.

3) Bob ………. (want) to be a bodyguard until he ……….. (be) fifteen.

4) We not ………. (see) much of Helen lately. — You ………. (see) her?

5) How's your new job? — Everything ……… (be) all right up to now.

6) Nelly ………. (go) to America on holiday ten years ago, and she ………. (live) there ever since.

7) He ………. (climb) quite a lot of mountains, but he never ………. (be) up Everest.

8) You ever ………. (study) a musical instrument?

9) Alex ……… (have) an enormous amount of work last week.

10) We ………. (have) a very busy week. We need a break.

11) When you first ………. (fall in love)?

12) How long ago you ………. (meet)?

V. Fill in the gaps with the correct verb. Use the correct form of Past Simple or Present Perfect. Use each verb once.

arrive go have hear do read tell invite come explain buy visit take look at

Interviewer:- You've never been to our country before, right? What are your first impressions?

Katerina: - I (1). ….. many interesting things about your country in magazines and newspapers; before I (2)………. people (3)………. me you were all very friendly, and when I (4)………. at the airport everyone brought me flowers. And it's true, your shops are wonderful! I (already) (5)………. some shopping - I (6)………. a colourful scarf and some hand-painted china.

Interviewer: - You (7)………. time to do any sightseeing yet?

Katerina: - Yes, I (8)……… a stroll round the Old Town. At one restaurant the owner (9)……… me to try some of your specialities: he (10)………. to me some of the secrets of your cuisine - the way you prepare mushrooms is excellent.

Interviewer: - What about the future, (ever) (11)………. to see a fortune-teller, and do you read your horoscope?

Katerina: - I (never) (12)………. my horoscope. All I know is I'm a Scorpio!

Interviewer: - Will you come here again?

Katerina: - As soon as I can, I (13)………. Krakow yet which I (14)………. so much about.

6.3 Future actions

I. Put the verbs in brackets into the Simple Future, the Present Continuous or the Simple Present.

1) We ……… (have) a party next Saturday. Would you like to come?

2) The concert this evening ………. (start) at 7.30.

3) I ……… (catch) the 6.30 plane tomorrow. — Where you ……….. (leave) your car? — I ………. (not take) the car.

4) He has cut my hair too short. — Don't worry; it ……… (grow) again very quickly.

5) Ann, we ……… (go) to town. You …….. (come) with us?

6) What time the next train ……… (leave)?

7) Where you ……… (meet) them? — I ……… (meet) them at midnight in the middle of the wood.

8) The art exhibition ……… (open) on 3 May and ………(finish) on 15 July.

9) I ……… (know) the result in a week.

10) I ………. (see) my bank manager tomorrow. I'm going to ask him for a loan but I expect he ………. (refuse).

11) We'd better leave a message for Jack. Otherwise he ………. (not know) where we've gone. — All right. I ………. (leave) a note on his table.

12) Where you ……….. (go) for your next holiday? — I don't know yet but we probably ………. (go) to Spain.

plete the conversation. In each sentence choose the best form of the verb to express the future. Usually more than one answer is possible.

Mark: - Hello, Claire. Sarah tells me you're going to New York.

Claire: - Yes, (1)………. (I / spend) a couple of days there next week. (2)………. (I / look) round the shops.

Mark: - (3)………. (that / be) exciting.

Claire: - Exhausting, you mean. I think (4)………. (I / be) pretty tired when I get back.

Mark: - (5)………. (you / stay) with friends?

Claire: - No, (6)……….. (I / stay) at a hotel near Central Park. But (7)………. (I / see) my friends. (8)………. (I / go) to their apartment for a meal one evening. And it isn't definite yet, but (9)………. (we / see) a show.

Mark: - And when (10)………. (you / leave)?

Claire: - My flight (11)………. (be) on Tuesday morning.

Mark: - OK, (12)………. (I / see) you when you get back then.

7. REPORTED SPEECH

I. Change the sentences into reported speech according to the model.

Example: Miranda says, "I work for a small publishing house." — Miranda says (that) she works for a small publishing house.

1)  I'm going to work in England next year.

2)  I'm their marketing manager.

3)  The company has opened an office in London.

4)  Up till now I've been very successful in my career.

5)  I've been chosen to run the new office in London.

6)  I'm studying English in the evenings.

7)  I don't have much time to enjoy myself.

8)  I haven't had lunch with a friend for ages.

9)  I hope my friends will come and visit me in London.

10)  I went there last week with my secretary.

11)  We didn't have much time for sightseeing.

12)  I have to get back to work now.

Now tell your friend what Miranda said.

Example: Miranda says, "I work for a small publishing house." - Miranda said (that) she worked for a small publishing house.

II. You are being interviewed for a job and are asked the owing questions. When you come back home, tell your parents what questions you were asked.

1) How old are you? 2) Where do you live? 3) What's your address? 4) What school did you go to? 5) When did you leave school? 6) Where are you working now? 7) Who are you working for? 8) How long have you been working? 9) Are you enjoying your present job? How big is your salary? 10) Why do you want to leave?

III. Read the jokes and retell them in indirect speech

1) An American tourist comes to London to stay at a top hotel. He picks up the phone one morning and asks for room service. He says, "I want three overdone fried eggs that are hard as a rock, toast that is burnt to a cinder and a cup of black coffee that tastes like mud."

"I'm sorry, sir," replies room service, "we don't serve breakfast like that." "Well, you did yesterday!"

2) An old woman from the country is visiting the big city for the first time in her life. She checks in at a smart hotel and lets the bellboy take her bags. She follows him but as the door closes, her face falls. "Young man," she says angrily. "I may be old and straight from the hills, but I ain't stupid. I paid good money and this room won't do at all. It's short of what I expected. It's too small and there's no proper ventilation. Why, there's not even a bed!"

"Ma'am," replies the bellboy, "this isn't your room. It's the elevator!"

3) Three elderly women were discussing the problems of growing old. One said, "Sometimes I find myself in front of the refrigerator with a jar of mayonnaise and I can't remember if I am putting it away or making a sandwich." Another said, "And I can trip on the stairs and not remember if I was walking up or down." "Oh well, I don't have those sort of problems, touch wood," said the third, tapping her knuckles on the table, before adding, "That must be the door — I'll get it."

4) Two burglars were robbing an apartment block when they heard the sound of police car sirens. "Quick! Jump!" said one. "But we are on the thirteenth floor," protested the other. The first burglar said, "This is no time to be superstitious."

5) A teenage boy with spiked hair, a nose ring and baggy combat trousers told his friend, "I don't really like dressing like this, but it stops my parents from dragging me everywhere with them."

6) Harry came to his mother one morning while she was having her breakfast, and said to her, "No one at my school likes me, Mother. The teachers don't, and the children don't. Even the cleaners and the bus drivers hate me."

"Well, Harry," his mother answered, "perhaps you aren't very nice to them. If a few people don't like a person, he or she may not be responsible for that; but if a lot of people don't, there's usually something wrong, and that person really needs to change." "I'm too old to change," Harry said. "I don't want to go to school." "Don't be silly, Harry," his mother said, going towards the garage to get the car out. "You have to go. You're quite well, and you still have a lot of things to learn. And besides that, you're the headmaster of the school."

8. PASSIVE VOICE

I. Change the sentences from active to passive if possible.

1) They make Renault cars in Slovenia.

2) Millions of people all over the world use Internet.

3) Alexander Bell invented the telephone.

4) The employer will fire the manager if he doesn't succeed with the project.

5) They have updated the site.

6) They're discussing the project at the moment.

7) The subsidiary had lost a lot of money after a badly planned campaign.

8) Two world known companies have signed a merger contract.

9) Parents always encourage the idea of getting higher education.

10) They are building another shopping center in the city.

II. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.

1) This program ………. (run) by very good managers.

2) These workers usually ………. (pay) monthly.

3) A new security system ………. in all our offices in the next few weeks (install).

4) The editorial staff ………. (call) to the conference room.

5) Tim studies hard. He hopes he ………. (give) the highest grades this semester.

6) The lost children just ………. (find) in the park.

7) The new computer system ………. (install) at the moment.

8) There must be a mistake: the hotel bill ………. by my wife. (pay)

9) The Government says tax reforms ……….. in the new year. (introduce)

10) Don't worry! By the time we meet again, all your problems ……… (solve).

11) We ……….. (tell) that the exact days for the talks not ……….. (set) yet.

12) The first self service groceries ……… (open) in America in 1912.

III. Read the dialogue using the right form of the verbs in brackets. Answer the questions given after it.

N: - What's wrong, Eugene? You look upset.

E: - You know I (1)………. (hire) part-time at the office this semester. I’ve just got my first paycheck.

N: - So why are you so down? You should be happy!

E: - I was before. But when I looked at my paycheck and saw how much money (2)………. (take out) in taxes, I couldn't believe it.

N: - I feel the same way. Taxes are already high, and the government wants to raise them next year.

E: - What! If taxes (3)………. (raise) any more, I won't have any salary left. Are they kidding?

N: - No, I guess they hope that a lot of problems (4)………. (solve) by increasing taxes.

E: - But the cost of living is just too high. Why something (5)………. (do) about it? If my rent (6)………. (raise) again this year, I (7)………. (force) to move.

N: - Everyone has the same problem. We all (8)………. (ask) to sacrifice a little.

E: - What's it like for you? When you last (9)……….. (give) a raise? Your raises (10)………. (determine) by the cost of living?

N: - No, I don't think so. I guess our raises (11)………. (base) on merit. If the boss likes your work, you (12)………. (give) a raise. If he doesn't you may even (13)……….. (fire). Cheer up, Eugene. Life is still great!

IV. Ask questions indicated in the brackets.

1) Such equipment is sold in special shops, (in what shops?)

2) These files must be returned in two hours, (when?)

3) This picture gallery was destroyed by the fire. (how?)

4) This work can be done in two days, (in how many days?)

5) The money will be spent on medicine, (on what?)

6) Such questions are often asked by children, (by whom?)

7) The post will be delivered at 7 o'clock, (when?)

8)New roses have been planted in her garden, (what?)

9) The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell, (who?)

10) Rice is grown in many countries, (where?)

11) A new house is being built on Elm Street, (what?)

12) This report must be signed by Mr. Hardy, (who?)

9. GERUND

I. Write the Gerunds of the following verbs:

1) spend

2) shop

3) play

4) clean

5) read

6) travel

7) collect

8) use

9) swim

10) save

11) watch

12) listen

13) see

14) do

15) be

II. Now put the Gerunds from the previous task in the sentences:

1) ........... coins is an interesting hobby.

2) ........... waste glass and paper again is called "recycling".

3) ........... is a healthy sport.

4) ........... money has become a mania with her.

5) ........... too much television gives me a headache.

6) .......... to such loud music is bad for your ears.

7) .......... time with your kids is the best thing you can do for them.

8) ............ is my life! As well as gardening!

9) ........... tennis has become fashionable lately.

my rooms is so boring.

authentic literature improves my English.

broadens your horizons.

10. PARTICIPLE I, II

I. Choose the correct form of the words in brackets.

1) Many students are (interesting, interested) in the Internet.

2) Nigel's classes are always (interesting, interested).

3) Don't bother to read that book. It's (boring, bored).

4) I'm (boring, bored). How about going to a movie?

5) Most children are (fascinating, fascinated) by animals.

6) Young children think that animals are (fascinating, fascinated).

7) I was very (embarrassing, embarrassed) by that question.

8) That was an (embarrassing, embarrassed) experience.

9) I read a (shocking, shocked) report yesterday. I was really (shocking, shocked).

10) The children went to a circus. For them, the circus was (exciting, excited). The (exciting, excited) children jumped up and down.

II. An interviewer (I) is talking to a politician (P). Fill in the gaps in their conversation, using the verb in brackets to form a suitable present or past participle adjective.

I: - It’s interesting that after so many years of high tax rates you’re talking about lower taxes. Why?

P: - You shouldn’t be (1)………. (surprise). We have always kept tax as low as possible, and now with (2)………. (increase) number of new jobs, and a (3)………. (fall) rate of inflation, people will be (4)………. (please) with our plans to lower tax rates still further.

I: - Yes, but there is a (5)………. (worry) trend towards spending less on public services. The statistics on hospitals can only be described as (6)………. (shock) – six (7)………. (close) hospitals last year alone. Surely that is pretty (8)………. (embarrass) for your government?

P: - Any hospital closures are simply due to the (9)………. (impress) number of large hospitals. Most people will be (10)………. (delight) with what we’re doing.