Indirect (Reported) Speech
(слова автора в настоящем времени)
1) Просьбы
Nick: “Betty, give me some bread, please!”
Nick asks Betty to give him some bread.
smb asks smb (not) to do smth
Jim : “Don`t open the window, please.”(to Tom)
Jim asks Tom not to open the window.
2) Приказания
The teacher :”Learn this poem by heart, children.”
The teacher tells the children to learn this poem by heart.
smb tells smb (not) to do smth
My aunt:”Don`t go there!”
My aunt tells me not to go there.
3) Утверждения
Nick: “I love my granny very much”
Nick says (that) he likes his Granny very much.
Nelly (to Jane): “ I wrote a letter to my cousin yesterday.”
Nelly tells Jane (that) she wrote a letter to her cousin yesterday.
says
Smb says to smb (that) подлежащее + сказуемое
tells smb
4) вопросы
Общие
Smb asks
wants to know if подлежащее + сказуемое (время не меняется)
wonders
Специальные
Smb asks
wants to know + вопросительное + подлежащее + сказуемое(время не меняется)
wonders слово
Косвенная речь со словами автора в прошедшем времени
Indirect (Reported) Speech
1) Просьбы
Nick: “Betty, give me some bread, please!”
Nick asked Betty to give him some bread.
smb asked smb (not) to do smth
Jim : “Don`t open the window, please.”(to Tom)
Jim asked Tom not to open the window.
2) Приказания
The teacher :”Learn this poem by heart, children.”
The teacher told the children to learn this poem by heart.
smb told smb (not) to do smth
My aunt:”Don`t go there!”
My aunt told me not to go there.
3) утверждения
Direct Speech Indirect Speech (Reported)
1) Jane: ‘I go to school every day.” 1) Jane said that she went to school every day.
2) Jane: ”I am watching TV now” 2) Jane said that she was watching TV then.
3) Jane: ”I have already done my homework.” 3) Jane said that she had already done her
homework.
4) Jane: “ I went to the cinema yesterday” 4) Jane said that she had gone to the cinema
the day before
5) Jane: ” I will do it tomorrow.” 5) Jane said that she would do it the next
day.
smb said that……(без адресата)
smb said to smb that…..
smb told smb that…..
Сказуемое в прямой речи | Сказуемое в косвенное речи (меняется на время назад) |
is | was |
are | were |
am doing (is doing) are doing | was doing were doing |
do (take) does (takes) | did (took) |
can do | Could do |
must do | Must do = had to do |
was | Had been |
did watched | Had done Had watches |
have done, has done | Had done |
was(were)doing | Had been doing |
will do | Would do |
Местоимения
this – that last week – the week before, the previous week
these – those tomorrow – the next day
here –there next week – the following week
now – then in 2 days – 2 days later
today – that day
5 days ago – 5 days before
yesterday – the day before
4) Вопросы
Общие вопросы
Pete: “ Do you usually come home late, John?”
Pete asked John if (whether) he usually came home late.
Tom (to Mary): “Are you busy now?”
Tom wanted to know if Mary was busy then.
Sally: “ Are you going skiing next Sunday, Helen?”
Sally wondered if Helen was going skiing the following Sunday.
….asked
….wondered if (whether) подлежащее + сказуемое (на время назад)
…wanted to know = ли
Специальные вопросы
Pete: ’When did you come home yesterday, Jack?”
Pete wanted to know when Jack had come home the day before.
….asked
…wondered вопросительное подлежащее + сказуемое (на время назад)
…wanted to know слово
