Учебный материал Урок № 5
The Yenisei
Krasnoyarsk is situated on the Yenisei. The Yenisei is not just a river, it is a rare wonder of nature. No Russian river is equal to the Yenisei in its water level, and it is among the first ten serious rivers of the globe.
The Yenisei has more than 22 thousand big and small influxes that form a unique waterway with the total length over 10 000 km. The Yenisei and its influxes were in old times and are now the cheapest ways to remote places of Siberia, to the richest gas and oil-fields, deposits of gold and lead and other “presents of nature”.
The first Yenisei navigation in 1863 was an initiative of the owners of Siberian gold-mines. Their own shipping company had only two steamers “Yenisei” and “Opyt” which ran along the river. Some hundred years have flown away and the life of a powerful river is different now.
The Yenisei Shipping Joint-Stock Company enters the 21st century with its two hundred vessels which can transport millions tons of different cargoes during a navigation season. The biggest port on the Yenisei is in Krasnoyarsk.
In September 1991 the shipping company turned over a new page in its history: they seriously put to sea. And now over twenty large cargo vessels have left the Yenisei and successfully transport cargoes to the ports of Italy and Nothern Africa, run to Bulgaria, Ukraine, Turkey and Cyprus, Holland, Denmark, England, the Baltic countries….
Exactly here on the Yenisei the most powerful hydro-electric power stations in Eurasia were built: the Sayano-Shushenskaya and the Krasnoyarskaya Hydro-Electric Power Stations. They transform the natural power of the Yenisei into the “sea” of electric power which is used for the needs of people’s life.
Many things are well known about the Yenisei, but it is has some “secrets”.
The aborigines of Southern Siberia call it Ulug-Khem, it means “Great river”. And native people of northern areas gave it the name of Ionessi that means “Big water”.
But the most unknown “secret” of the Yenisei is that the Upper Yenisei has … two separate river-beds. Each of them begins in the Sayany mountain range. One of the rivers has local name of Biy-Khem and the other one – Kaa-Khem.
The Yenisei so beautiful and impressive was brilliantly described by Anton Chekhov who visited Krasnoyarsk in 1890: “I have never seen in my life a river more beautiful than the Yenisei…” To prove it you can make a trip along the river Yenisei on board the ship “A. Chekhov”. Everyone can admire the beauty of the great river, the sights of the city, the scenery of the surrounding suburbs of Krasnoyarsk.
GLOSSARY
equal - равный
influx - приток
total - общий
remote - отдаленный
owner - владелец
mine - шахта
steamer - пароход
Shipping Joint-Stock Company - пароходство
vessel - судно
сargo - груз
hydro-electric power station - ГЭС
river-bed – русло реки
mountain range – горный хребет
suburb - пригород
Практические задания по теме «Енисей» Урок № 5
І Fill in the gaps. Use the words given below. There is one odd word.
1. You can see a lot of … in the port.
2. Electric power is produced by the … .
3. How many … does the river have?
4. Vessels transport … to different part of the world.
5. The … of the company signed the contract.
6. One can reach the … places of Siberia on board the ship.
7. The … length of the river is thousands of kilometers.
ІІ Match the figures and
1. 22000 a. the length of the waterway;
2. 10000 b. the number of owners of Siberian gold-mines;
3. 200 c. the number of influxes;
4. 2 d. the number of steamers in the first navigation;
5. 1863 e. the number of vessels in the port nowadays;
6. 1991 f. the date of the first navigation;
g. the start of the development of the shipping company.
ІІІ “True”(T) or “False” (F).
1. The Yenisei is the unique waterway with the total length over 10000 km. ______
2. The first shipping company in Krasnoyarsk had two hundred vessels.
______
3. Krasnoyarsk vessels transport cargoes to the ports of different foreign countries.
______
4. Influxes of the Yenisei help people to get to the remote places of Siberia.
______
5. The most powerful hydro-electric power station is situated in the Sayany
mountain range.
_______
6. Everyone in the world knows that the Upper Yenisei has got two separate
river-beds.
_______
7. One can admire the beauty of the Yenisei from the house where A. Chekhov
lived.
_______
IV Find the odd words in the text. Write them out.
Put a “+” if the line is correct.
The Yenisei is one of the ten of serious rivers of the globe. ________
It is a unique warerway with the total length over near ________
10000 km. Its influxes help people to get to the most richest ________
“presents of nature”. The Yenisei shipping company has two________
hundred vessels which can do transport cargoes from the ________
much biggest port in Krasnoyarsk to the ports of different ________
foreign countries. Moreover, the Yenisei can to be ________
described as “a rare wonder of nature”, because one can’t ________
but to admire the beauty of the powerful river Yenisei. ________
