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Asset and liability maturity periods and the ability to replace interest liabilities at an acceptable cost when they mature are crucial in determining the Bank’s liquidity and its susceptibility to fluctuation of interest rates and exchange rate.
Currently, a considerable part of customer deposits are repayable on demand. However, the fact that these deposits are diversified by the number and type of customers and the Bank’s previous experience indicate that these deposits are a stable and long-term source of finance for the Bank.
The above data on time deposits received from individuals are recorded based on the contractual terms. However, Russian legislation allows individuals are entitled to withdraw those deposits before maturityon demand.
Long-term credits and overdraft facilities are generally not available in Russia. However, in the Russian marketplace, many short-term credits are granted with the expectation of renewing the loans at maturity. As such, the actual maturity of assets may be different from the analysis presented above.
While maturity of trading securities as shown above is up to one month, realizing such assets is dependent upon financial market conditions. Significant security positions may not be liquidated in a short period of time without adverse price effects.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates will affect the value of the financial instruments. The Bank is exposed to accepts the risks connected with the marketd interest rates fluctuations on its financial performance and cash flows. Such fluctuations may increase the interest margin, however the unexpected changes of interest rates may cause decrease of interest margin or lead to losses. To minimize the interest rate risk, the Bank issued the Investmenting policy (a code of regulations to manage liabilities and assets of the Bank according to their terms and liquidity)due to liquidity. Investmenting policy is deassigned to obtain the positive level of margin, keeping within the liquidity ratios which are sufficientnecessary to pass the crisis environment.
The liquidity risk monitoring is performed twice a month by the risk-manager reporting to the Chairman of Directors and to Credit Committee.
The following table presents an analysis of interest rate risk, i. e. potential gain or loss of the Bank. Effective average interest rates as at 31 December 2004 and 2003 are presented by categories of financial assets and liabilities to determine interest rate exposure by every category of asset and liability and effectiveness of the interest rate policy used by the Bank. The Bank’s interest rate policy is reviewed and approved by the Bank’s Management Board.
2004 | 2003 | ||||||||||
RUR | USD | Other currencies | RUR | USD | Other currencies | ||||||
ASSETS | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 1.7% | 1.3% | 0.4% | 3.6% | 0.1% | - | |||||
Loans and advances to banks | -3.4% | 3%- | - | 1.9% | 3%- | - | |||||
Trading securities | 6.2% | - | - | 7.65% | 5.7% | 3.6% | |||||
Loans and advances to customers | 14.915% | 14.5% | 13% | 15.6% | 15.1% | 14% | |||||
LIABILITIES | |||||||||||
Deposits from banks | - | 1.5%- | - | - | 7.5% | - | |||||
Deposits from customers | 12.3% | 8.9% | 8.5% | 10.3% | 4.4% | 2.7% | |||||
Debt securities issued | 9.9% | 11.6% | - | 4.5% | 9.2% | - |
Currency risk
Currency risk is defined as the risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates. The Bank is exposed to effects of fluctuation in the foreign currency exchange rates on its financial position and cash flows. The Credit Committee sets Bank management sets limits on the level of open currency position of the Bank, which is controlled by athe risk-manager, reporting to the exposure by currencies (primarily US Dollar) by industries and in total.Chairman of Directors. The Treasury performs the monitoring ofafter the level of open currency position by the means of limits set by the Bank. These limits also comply with the minimum requirements of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.
The Bank’s exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk is presented in the table below:
RUR | USD USD 1 = RUR 27.7487 | EUR EUR 1 = RUR 37.8104 | Other currencies and precious metals | Currency undefined (incl. allowance for losses) | 2004 Total RUR’000 | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 733,952 | 246,408 | 133,543 | 139 | - | 1,114,042 | ||||||
Obligatory reserves and balances with the CBRentral Bank of Russian Federation | 91,827 | - | - | - | - | 91,827 | ||||||
Loans to banks | 2,004 | 5,701 | 131 | - | - | 7,836 | ||||||
Trading securities | 179,475 | - | - | - | - | 179,475 | ||||||
Loans and advances to banks | 2,004 | 5,701 | 131 | - | - | 7,836 | ||||||
Loans and advances to customers, less allowance for loan losses | 3,8067939,668312714 | 679,358 | 28,436 | - | (179,94583)(217,209) | 4,323471,519239254,290,299 | ||||||
Fixed and intangible assets, less accumulated depreciation | 70,047 | - | - | - | - | 70,047 | ||||||
OInterest income accrued and other assets, less allowance for losses | 5407,6795031629 | 583 | - | 664 | (340) | 54148,5862938536 | ||||||
TOTAL ASSETS | 4,924,652484,924,648 | 932,050932,050 | 162,110162,110 | 803803 | (17980,9283)(217,549) | 5,839,33226885,802,062 | ||||||
LIABILITIES | ||||||||||||
Deposits from banks | 3,593 | 5,002 | 731 | - | - | 9,326 | ||||||
Deposits from customers | 3,195,606 | 811,560 | 162,555 | 415 | - | 4,170,136 | ||||||
Debt securities issued | 911,065 | 103,301 | - | - | - | 1,014,366 | ||||||
Provisions for off-balance sheet commitmentsProvisions on guarantees | - | - | - | - | 1,255 | 1,255 | ||||||
Provisions on legal claims | - | - | - | - | 12,315 | 12,315 | ||||||
Income tax liabilityliabilities | 30 | - | - | - | - | 30 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 119,381596 | 2,851 | - | - | - | 124,232447 | ||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES | 4,12119,6745890 | 922,714 | 163,286 | 415 | 13,570 | 5,22119,6630875 | ||||||
OPEN BALANCE SHEET POSITION | 80324,007973758 | 9,336 | (1,176) | 388 | ||||||||
RUR | USD USD 1 = RUR 29.4545 | EUR EUR 1 = RUR 36.8240 | Other currencies and precious metals | Currency undefined (including allowance for losses) | 2003 Total RUR'000 | ||||||
ASSETS | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 576,973 | 108,6910 | 35,738 | 1,110 | - | 722,501 | |||||
Obligatory reserves with CBR | 267,215 | - | - | - | - | 267,2155 | |||||
Loans and advances to banks, less allowance for loan losses | 140,309 | 5,588 | - | - | - | 145,897 | |||||
Trading securities | 750,776 | 26,961 | 19,708 | - | - | 797,445 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers, less allowance for loan losses | 1,278,549 | 787,832 | 24,212 | (114,376) | 1,976,217 | ||||||
Investment securities | 50 | - | - | - | - | 50 | |||||
Fixed and intangible assets, less accumulated depreciation | 60,705 | - | - | - | - | 60,705 | |||||
Other assets, less provision for losses | 10,07275,123 | - | - | 5,096 | (48) | 15,12075 | |||||
TOTAL ASSETS | 3,084,5949,690 | 929,071 | 79,658 | 1,1106,206 | (114,424) | 3,985,105 | |||||
LIABILITIES | |||||||||||
Deposits from banks | 1,283 | 27,341 | 35 | - | - | 28,659 | |||||
Deposits from customers | 2,199,062 | 690,239 | 82,589 | 58 | - | 2,971,948 | |||||
Debt securities issued | 252,258 | 169,060 | 5,294 | - | 426,612 | ||||||
Provisions for off-balance commitments | 135 | 135 | |||||||||
Income tax liabilitiesy | 4306430 | - | - | - | - | 4306430 | |||||
Other liabilities | 755695 | 32 | - | - | - | 7827 | |||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES | 2,453,788782228 | 886,672 | 87,918 | 58 | 135 | 3,428,5671055711 | |||||
OPEN BALANCE SHEET POSITION | 630,80677280665,962 | 42,399 | (8,260) | 1,0526,148 | |||||||
Market risk
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