«Технология текстильных изделий»
ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ
ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
ВОЛГОГРАДСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
КАМЫШИНСКИЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ (ФИЛИАЛ)
ВОЛГОГРАДСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА
Кафедра «Иностранные языки»
Чтение текстов по специальности 2802
«Технология текстильных изделий»
Методические указания
РПК «Политехник»
Волгоград
2006
ББК 81. 2 АНГЛ – 9
М 54
Чтение текстов по специальности 2802 «Технология текстиль-ных изделий»: Методические указания / Сост. , ; Волгоград. гос. техн. ун-т. – Волгоград, 2006. – 38 с.
Представлены тексты по текстильной и легкой промышленности и задания к ним, направленные на активизацию специальной лексики.
Предназначены для студентов I, II, III курсов СТФ.
Библиогр.: 4 назв.
Рецензент
Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета
Волгоградского государственного технического университета
© Волгоградский
государственный
технический
университет, 2006
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов I-II-III курса СТФ по специальности 2802 «Технология текстильных изделий».
Цель данной работы – подготовить студентов к практической деятельности – умению работать с литературой по специальности и вести беседу по тематике текстов. Предусматривается дальнейшее совершенствование навыков и умений в различных видах чтения, а также обучение устным формам общения по специальности на материале предложенных текстов и упражнений. Задания к текстам, в основном, направлены на активизацию специальной лексики и ставят целью развивать у студентов логическое мышление и умение кратко передавать содержание прочитанного текста.
Методические указания разработаны на основе оригинальных текстов по текстильной и легкой промышленности, взятых из специальных журналов и сайтов Интернета. Эти тексты представляют практический и познавательный интерес для студентов факультетов текстильной и легкой промышленности. Данные указания состоят из 11 уроков и рассчитаны примерно на 33 часа аудиторной работы.
Рекомендуется следующий график изучения материалов данных методических указаний:
I. Первый семестр: Unit 1 на занятиях 14, 15, 16
II. Второй семестр: Unit 2 на занятиях 1, 2, 3
Unit 3 на занятиях 9, 10, 11
III. Третий семестр: Unit 4 на занятиях 1, 2, 3
Unit 5 на занятиях 7, 8, 9
Unit 6 на занятиях 13, 14, 15
IV. Четвертый семестр Unit 7 на занятиях 1, 2, 3
Unit 8 на занятиях 7, 8, 9
Unit 9 на занятиях 10, 11, 12
V. Пятый семестр: Unit 10 на занятиях 1, 2. 3
Unit 11 на занятиях 4, 5, 6
Упражнения следует выполнять в той последовательности, в какой они расположены в уроке.
Каждому тексту предшествуют подготовительные упражнения, которые направлены на снятие языковых трудностей восприятия текста. Затем текст прочитывается с целью развития навыка понимания его общего содержания. После этого можно приступать к выполнению других упражнений, активизирующих специальную лексику в процессе развития у студентов навыков устной речи и логического мышления.
Авторы
UNIT 1
I. Read and translate the following international words.
Textile, machine, operator, manufacture, product, phase, process, monitor, function, production, synthetic, natural, substance, characteristics, percent, constantly, conical, bobbin, cone, version, material, chemical, metal, base, company.
II. Read and learn the following terms.
1. to tend machines 2. hosiery 3. to control equipment 4. to card 5. to spin 6. to weave 7. to tuft 8. fiber 9. to align 10. sliver 11. blend 12. yarn 13. spinneret 14. to wind (wound) 15. spinning wheel | обслуживать станки управлять оборудованием кардовать, прочесывать, чесать прясть, сплетать ткать стегать ( одеяло, матрас) волокно, фибра, нить выравнивать, спрямлять лента, прядь смесь нить, пряжа фильера, прядильный орган наматывать прялка |
III. Look through the text and say what it is about. Make up an outline of the text.
Textile Machinery Operators (I)
Textile machinery operators tend machines that manufacture a wide range of textile products. Hosiery, skirts and socks are familiar examples of these products, but many people are surprised to learn that textile products are used in such things as roofs, tires and roads. There are many phases in the textile production process, and operators' duties and responsibilities depend on the product and the type of machinery in use. Machinery operators control equipment that cleans, cards, combs and draws the fiber; spins the fiber into yarn; and weaves, knits or tufts the yarn into textile products. They are responsible for numerous machines that they start, stop, clean and monitor for proper functioning.
The textile production process begins with the preparation of synthetic or natural fibers for spinning. Fibers are cleaned and aligned through carding and combing. To prepare the fiber for the spinning process, very short fibers and any foreign matter are removed and the fibers are drawn into a substance called sliver. During this process, different types of fibers may be combined to give products the desired textures, durability or other characteristics. This is how "50 percent cotton, 50 percent polyester" blends, for example, are created. Operators constantly monitor their machines during this stage, checking the movement of the fiber, removing and replacing cans of sliver, repairing breaks in the sliver, and making minor repairs to the machinery.
The full cans of sliver are then taken to the spinning area. Spinning draws and twists the sliver to produce yarn which is then wound onto conical structures called bobbins or cones. This is an automated version of the old fashion spinning wheel.
Some workers oversee machinery that makes manufactured fibers. These fibers, used in many textile products, are created from materials that, unlike cotton, wool, and flax, are not fibrous in their natural form. To make this fiber, wood pulp or chemical compounds are dissolved or melted in a liquid which is then extruded, or forced, through holes in a metal plate, called a spinneret. The sizes and shapes of the holes in the spinneret determine the shape and the uses of the fiber. Workers adjust the flow of fiber base through the spinneret, repair breaks in the fiber, and make minor adjustments to the machinery. Because this fiber is created by a chemical process, the majority of these workers are employed by chemical companies, not textile mills.
IV. Read the text more carefully and answer the following questions.
1. What kind of machines does the textile machinery operator tend?
2. What do operaters’ duties and responsibilities depend on?
3. What are they responsible for?
4. What does the textile production process begin with?
5. How are the fibers prepared for the spinning process?
6. What do operators do during the stage of fiber preparation for spinning?
7. Say a few words about the spinning process.
8. What is a manufactured fiber?
9. How are they made?
10. What is the job of the workers manufacturing fibers?
V. Translate the following word chains.
1. Textile machinery operator; 2. textile production process; 3. "50 percent cotton, 50 percent polyester" blends; 4. the old fashion spinning wheel; 5. wood pulp.
VI. Translate the last paragraph of the text into Russian.
VII. Render the text in Russian and then in English.
VII. Fill in the blanks using the words from the box and translate these sentences into Russian.
to tend, cans of sliver, spinning area, spinneret, minor adjustments, to be dissolved |
1. Textile machinery operators (a)…… machines that manufacture a wide range of textile products. 2. The full (b)….. are taken to the (c) ….Wood pulp or chemical compounds are (d) ….. or melted in a liquid which is then extruded or forced through holes in a metal plate called (e) ….Workers repair breaks in the fibre and make (f) ….. to the machinery.
IX. Talk on the duties of workers during the process of fibre manufacturing.
X. Translate the words of the same root and define speech parts.
1. to manufacture – manufacture – manufacturer – manufacturing – manufac-
tured.
2. to produce – production – productivity.
3. to operate – operation – operator – operating.
4. to spin – spinner – spinneret – spinning.
5. to dissolve – dissolution – dissolvable.
6. to adjust – adjustment – adjuster – adjusting – adjusted.
XI. Arrange the verbs in the alphabetic order and translate them.
To control, to tend, to align, to card, to spin, to weave, to tuft, to blend, to oversee, to twist, to clean, to combine, to make, to determine, to create, to employ.
UNIT 2
I. Read the following international words and translate them into Russian.
Chemicals, process, type, product, machine, material, textile, operator, control, computer, specialize, production, form, finish, monitor.
II. Read and learn the following special words.
1. to bond 2. woven fabrics 3. loom 4. Carpeting 5. backing 6. to repair breaks in yarn 7. minor repairs 8. to monitor the supply of yarn 9. to be controlled by computers 10. production run 11. to maintain 12. to thread the harness 13. to finish 14. to print 15. additive 16. the finished product 17. shrinkage 18. stain-resistant 19. to treat 20. luster | соединять, связывать текстильная ткань ткацкий станок ковровый настил пола обратная сторона, основа ликвидировать порывы нити косметический ремонт следить за подачей нити контролироваться, управляться компьютерами массовое производство, выпуск продукции обслуживать, содержать в исправности заправлять нить в ремизу отделывать, завершать набивать (ситец), выбивать рисунок добавка, присадка готовый продукт усадка, усушка нелиняющий обрабатывать глянец, лоск, блеск |
III. Read the text and make an outline.
Textile Machinery Operators (II)
When the yarn is ready, it is taken to be woven, knitted, tufted or bonded with heat or chemicals. Each of these processes produces a different type of textile product and requires a different type of machine. For example, woven fabrics are made on looms that interlace the yarn. Knit products, such as socks or women's hosiery, are produced by intermeshing loops of yarn. Carpeting is made through the tufting process, in which the loops of yarn are pushed through a material backing. Although the processes are now highly automated, these concepts have been used for many centuries to produce textile products.
Even though operators work with many different kinds of machines, they share many responsibilities. Each operator oversees numerous machines—repairing breaks in the yarn, monitoring the supply of yarn, and making minor repairs to the machinery. As increasingly automated machinery is used in textile mills, more processes are controlled by computers, making it possible for each operator to monitor a larger area or number of machines. Because of the complexity of many machines, operators often specialize in a particular type of machine. In addition, operators prepare the machinery prior to a production run and help maintain the equipment. For example, they adjust the timing on a machine, thread the harnesses that create patterns in textile goods, and repair machinery.
Once the yarn has been woven, knitted, or tufted, the resulting fabric is ready to be dyed and finished either at the textile mill or at a plant specializing in textile finishing. Because of the variety of consumer preferences, manufacturers print and dye textiles in thousands of different designs and colors. Depending upon the end use of the yarn, it may be dyed before or after it is woven, knitted, or tufted. Some fabric is treated before it is dyed to remove other chemical additives that could affect the quality of the finished product.
In addition to dyeing and printing, products are often finished by treating them to prevent excessive shrinkage, to provide strength, to make them stain-resistant, or to give a silky luster. In the production of hosiery and socks, for example, the stocking or sock is placed on a form and then exposed to steam and heat to give it shape.
IV. Read the text again and find answers to the following questions.
1. Where is the yarn taken when it is ready?
2. What looms are woven fabrics made on?
3. How are knit products produced?
4. How is carpeting made?
5. What responsibilities do textile machinery operators share?
6. What does a computer make possible for an operator?
7. Why do operators often specialize in a particular type of machine?
8. Who prepares the machinery prior to a production run and helps maintain
the equipment?
9. How do they do that?
10. What is the resulting fabric ready for, once the yarn has been woven, knit
ted or tufted?
11. Is the yarn dyed before or after it is woven, knitted or tufted?
12. Why is some fabric treated before it is dyed?
13. How are products often finished in addition to dying and printing?
14. What is to be done with a stocking or a sock to give it shape?
V. Translate the following word chains.
Knit products, a material backing, increasingly automated machinery, consumer preferences, the end use of the yarn.
VI. Translate the second paragraph in written form.
VII. Render the text in Russian.
VIII. Read the whole text (Parts I, II) again and get ready to speak about the job of textile machinery operators.
IX. Look through the text carefully and find the English equivalents for the following Russian words and word combinations given below. Try to memorize them.
1. Следить за подачей нити; 2.Готовый продукт; 3. Заправлять нить в ремизу; 4. Ликвидировать порывы нити; 5. Выпуск продукции/массовое производство; 6. Нелиняющая ткань; 7. Ткацкий станок; 8. Выбивать рисунок.
X. Form nouns from the following verbs by adding the suffixes –tion/ation, - ment, - ance/ence.
To supply, to produce, to maintain, to add, to treat, to automate, to prepare, to adjust, to create.
XI. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Pay attention to rather than (а не; вместо того, чтобы).
1. Operaters prefer to work with modern kinds of machines rather than those commonly used before.
2. Most textile machinery operators prefer methods they follow rather than those ones used earlier in similar work.
3. Experiments of this kind are highly reliable rather than just very simple and elegant.
4. Textile machinery producers will take into consideration the newly developed procedures rather than the conventional ones.
5. They prefer to deal with this problem rather than any other.
UNIT 3
I. Read the following international words and translate them into Russian.
Nature, industry, associate, style, natural, synthetic, textile, product, production, construction, panel, type, complex, form, basis, plastic, metal, texture, characteristics.
II. Read and learn the following special words.
1. to manufacture 2. cord 3. twine 4. reinforcing materials 5. braid 6. upholstered furniture 7. to fuse 8. to bond 9. to interlace 10. strand 11. to intertwine 12. to spin (spun, spun) 13. impurity 14. weaving mill 15. finishing mill | производить, изготовлять веревка, шнур бечевка, шнурок, шпагат упрочняющие материалы тесьма, галун мягкая мебель сплавлять, спаивать соединять, связывать переплетать, сплетать прядь, стренга, локон переплетаться, сплетаться прясть, сучить, производить нить примесь, загрязнение ткацкая фабрика отделочная фабрика |
III. Read the text and make up an outline.
Nature of the Textile Industry (I)
Textile mills make yarn and fabric for clothing and many other items that keep us warm, safe and in style. Although most people associate textiles with cloth for apparel, the industry also manufactures such products as carpeting, towels, cord and twine, automotive upholstery, reinforcing materials, bulletproof vests and decorative braids and ribbons.
A textile mill takes natural and synthetic fibers, such as cotton and polyester, and blends them to create yarn and fabric used in the production of finished products like clothing and upholstered furniture. A few products—sheets, towels, and hosiery, for example—are ready for the retail market when they leave the textile mill. Although a large share of textile products is used in the production of apparel, nontraditional uses, such as in highway construction and the manufacture of fire resistant housing panels, are growing rapidly.
Textile mills are classified by type of product or process. The major processes of textile production include yarn spinning, weaving, knitting, and tufting. Some textiles are “nonwoven” and are produced by fusing fibers with heat or bonding fibers by using a type of glue. Two or more of these processes often can be found in the same facility. For example, one mill may spin yarn and also weave it into fabric.
Weaving, finishing, yarn and thread mills employed more than half of all workers in the industry. Workers in weaving mills use looms to transform yarns into cloth, a process that has been known for centuries. Looms weave or interlace two yarns, so they cross each other at right angles to form fabric. Although modern looms are complex, automated machinery, the principle remains the same as in ancient times.
Yarns are strands of fibers in a form ready for weaving, knitting or otherwise intertwining to form a textile fabric. They form the basis for most textile production and commonly are made of cotton, wool or synthetic fiber. Yarns also can be made of thin strips of plastic, paper or metal. To produce spun yarn, natural fibers, such as cotton and wool, must first be processed to remove impurities and give products the desired texture and durability, as well as other characteristics. After this initial cleaning stage, the fibers are spun into yarn.
IV. Read the text again and answer the following questions.
1.What do textile mills do?
2. What does the textile industry manufacture in addition to cloth for apparel?
3. How does a textile mill create yarn and fabric used in the production of fin-
ished products?
4. What products are ready for the retail market when they leave the mill?
5. What are textile mills classified by?
6. What do the major processes of textile production include?
7. How are nonwoven textiles produced?
8. Which mills employ more than half of the workers in the industry?
9. How are yarns transformed into cloth?
10. What are yarns?
11. What are yarns made of?
12. Why must natural fibers first be processed to produce spun yarn?
V. Translate the following word combinations and make up sentences using them.
Bulletproof vest, automotive upholstery, decorative braids and ribbons, ready for the retail market, a large share of textile products, , nontraditional uses, fire resistant housing panels, fusing fibers with heat, by using a type of glue, at right angles, automated machinery, in a form ready for weaving, the desired texture and durability.
VI. Translate the text into Russian in written form.
VII. Speak about the contents of the text using the following phrases:
1. The text under consideration deals with …
2. The text begins with…
3. The author admits…
VIII. Read the text attentively, divide it into logical parts and work out the plan of the text.
IX. Render the text in Russian.
X. Read the text again and be ready to speak about the nature of the textile industry.
XI. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Objective Infinitive constructions.
1. The textile machinery producers want the textile mills to be classified by type of product or process.
2. We watched the digital textile mill perform a very complicated process of spinning yarn and also weaving it into fabric.
3. While on excursion we asked the operator to show us the principle of operation of the textile mill.
4. We know the first spinning wheel to be the prototype of the textile mill.
XII. Extend the sentences choosing the right words according to the text of the unit.
1. The textile industry manufactures such products as ….
2. A textile mill takes … fibers.
3. One mill may … yarn and also … it into fabric.
4. Looms … or … two yarns.
5. These two yarns cross each other at right angles to form … .
XIII. Ask questions on the underlined words.
1. Textile mills are classified by type of product or process.
2. The major processes of textile production include yarn, spinning, weaving,
knitting and tufting.
3. A great amount of textile products is used in the production of apparel,
non-traditional uses, such as in highway construction and the manufacture
of fire resistant housing panels, are growing rapidly.
4. Yarns can also be made of thin strips of plastic, paper or metal.
XIV. Give Russian equivalents for the words and word combinations below.
1. To make yarn; 2. nonwoven textiles; 3. to transform yarn into cloth; 4. to remove impurities; 5. initial cleaning stage; 6. to be spun into yarn; 7. ancient times.
UNIT 4
I. Read the following international words and translate them.
Transforming, method, sweater, series, an automated machine, a cementing medium, segment, medical and sanitary, modernize, automation, information, technology, firm, service, manufacturer, innovation, effect, productivity, technical training, fundamentally, mass production, system, minimum.
II. Read and learn the following words and word combinations.
to transform yarn into fabric loop hand-held a consumer item to account for a backing fabric to draw through nonwoven textile products recycled materials to boost the productivity level flexible manufacturing leadtime flexibility to assess to communicate apparel customized an investment domestic and international competition | преобразовывать нить в ткань петля ручной предмет потребления отвечать, нести ответственность за каркасная ткань протягивать через нетканые текстильные товары повторно используемые материалы повышать уровень производительности труда гибкое автоматизированное производство
время на освоение новой продукции гибкость оценить, определить величину говорить, сообщать одежда заказной, изготовленный по техническим условиям заказчика инвестиция, вклад конкуренция на внутреннем и международном рынке |
III. Read the text trying to understand the gist and make up an outline.
Nature of the textile Industry (II)
Knitting is another method of transforming yarn into fabric. Knitting interlocks a series of loops of one or more yarns to form familiar goods, such as sweaters. However, unlike the knitting done with hand-held needles, knitting in the textile industry is performed on automated machines. Many consumer items, such as socks, panty hose and underwear, are produced from knitted fabric. Knitting mills account for one-fourth of employment in the industry.
Tufting, used by carpeting and rug mills, is a process by which a cluster of soft yarns is drawn through a backing fabric. These yarns project from the backing’s surface in the form of cut yarns or loops to form the familiar texture of many carpets and rugs. Tufting mills employ about 12 percent of textile workers.
Finally, nonwoven textile products are produced by fusing fibers or bonding fibers with a cementing medium or heat. A familiar example of a nonwoven fabric is felt. This segment of the industry is among the fastest growing, because of the medical and sanitary uses for its products.
Regardless of the process used, mills in the textile industry are rapidly modernizing, as new investments in automation and information technology have been made necessary by growing domestic and international competition. Firms also have responded to competition by developing new products and services. For example, some manufacturers are producing textiles developed from fibers made from recycled materials. These innovations have had a wide effect across the industry. Advanced machinery is boosting productivity levels in textiles, costing some workers their jobs, while fundamentally changing the nature of work for others. New technology also has led to broad and increasingly technical training for workers throughout the industry.
The emphasis in the industry continues to shift from mass production to flexible manufacturing, as textile mills aim to supply customized markets. Firms are concentrating on systems that allow small quantities to be produced with minimum leadtime. This flexibility brings consumer goods to retailers significantly faster than before. Information technology allows the retail industry to rapidly assess its needs and communicate them back through the apparel manufacturer to textile firms.
IV. Read the text again and give answers to the following questions.
1. What is knitting?
2. How is knitting performed in the textile industry?
3. What consumer items are produced from knitted fabric?
4. What is tufting?
5. How are nonwoven textile products produced?
6. Why is this segment of the industry among the fastest growing?
7. Why are mills in the textile industry rapidly modernizing?
8. How have firms responded to competetion?
9. What is the effect of advanced machinery on the textile industry?
10. Has new technology led to broad and increasingly technical training for
workers?
11. Where does the emphasis in the industry continue to shift?
12. What systems are firms concentrating on?
13. What brings consumer goods to retailers faster than before?
14. What does information technology allow the retail industry to do?
V. Translate the following word combinations and make sentences using them.
To interlock a series of loops, unlike the knitting done with hand-held needles, to accout for ¼ of employment in the industry, … is a process by which… , are/is produced by … , new investments in…, to have a wide effect across the industry, to lead to…, to supply customized markets, to allow small quantities to be produced with minimum leadtime.
VI. Translate into English the words and expressions given in brackets.
1. (Вязание) is another method of transforming yarn into fabric.
2. Knitting (соединяет) a series of loops of one or more yarns to form familiar
goods such as sweaters.
3. Unlike the knitting done with (спицы для ручной вязки) this one in the
textile industry is performed on automated machines.
4. Many (потребительские товары) such as socks, panty hose and underwear
are produced from knitted fabric.
5. This (гибкость) brings consumer goods to retailers significantly fster than
before.
VII. Copy out from the text all the predicates in the Passive Voice with their subjects and translate them into Russian.
VIII. Divide the text into logical parts and write its outline.
IX. Translate the text into Russian.
X. Render the text in Russian.
XI. Read the text again and speak about the nature of the textile industry.
UNIT 5
I. Read the following international words and translate them.
Condition, production, modern, ventilate, percent, sector, protection, occupation, period, problem, machine, managerial, administrative, personnel, typically, stress.
II. Read and learn the following words and word combinations.
1. a production worker 2. a supervisor 3. airborne 4. odor 5. textlie facilities 6. work-related injury 7. to average 8. noise shield 9.while bending over machinery 10. fumes 11. coolant 12. lubricant 13. to work on rotating schedules 14. to cause sleep disorder 15. Overtime 16. support personnel | производственник, рабочий контролер, смотритель находящийся в воздухе запах, аромат производственная травма в среднем равняться, составлять шумоизолирующий экран; противошумовой экран наклонившись над станком испарения смазочно-охлаждающая эмульсия смазочный материал, смазка работать по скользящему графику вызывать расстройство сна сверхурочные часы; сверхурочное время вспомогательный персонал |
III. Read the text trying to understand its gist and make up an outline.
Working Conditions in the Textile Industry
Working conditions vary greatly. Production workers, including front-line managers and supervisors, spend most of their shift on or near the production floor. Some factories are noisy and can have airborne fibers and odors; but most modern textile facilities are relatively clean, well lit and ventilated.
In 2004, work-related injuries and illnesses in the textile mill products industry averaged 6.4 per 100 full-time workers, compared with 9.2 percent for all manufacturing and 6.3 percent for the entire private sector. This record has been achieved in part by requiring, when appropriate, the use of protective shoes, clothing, facemasks and earplugs. Also, new machinery is designed with additional protection, such as noise shields. Still, many workers in production occupations must stand for long periods while bending over machinery, and noise and dust still are a problem in some plants. Some workers are occasionally exposed to the fumes and odors of coolants and lubricants used in machines. Quality control inspectors may endure some stress on the job because of tensions resulting when they inspect for problems.
Because many mills run 24 hours a day, production workers may work evenings and weekends. Many operators work on rotating schedules, which can cause sleep disorders and other stress from constant changes in work hours. Production workers in textile mills averaged 4.3 overtime hours per week in 2004. Overtime is common for these workers during periods of peak production. Managerial and administrative support personnel typically work a 5-day, 40-hour week in an office setting, although some of these employees also may significant overtime.
IV. Read the text again and give answers to the following questions.
1. Where do production workers spend most of their shift?
2. What are some factories like?
3. What did work-related injuries and illnesses in the textile mill product
industry average in 2004?
4. How has this record been achieved?
5. What are some other problems in working conditions in textile industry?
6. Why may quality inspectors endure some stress on the job?
7. Why do production workers work evenings and weekends?
8. What can cause working on rotating schedules?
9. How many overtime hours per week did production workers in textile
mills average in 2004?
10. When is overtime common for workers in textile mills?
V. Translate the following word combinations and make sentences using them.
front-line managers and supervisors, the production floor, well lit, full-time workers, compared with, when appropriate, protective shoes, clothing, facemasks, and earplugs, must stand for long periods, to be exposed to the fumes and odors of coolants and lubricants, from constant changes in work hours, to work in an office setting.
VI. Give synonyms to the following words:
Supervisor, to include, to endure.
VII. Find the proper terms for the following definitions.
1. The main requirements each worker should follow a. lubricant
before they start the working process.
2. Substance which prevents the textile mill’s
mechanisms from corrosion in order to work b. sleep disorder
without a hitch.
3. A process which causes some problems
with normal sleeping. c. protective measures
VIII. Find Russian equivalents for the following words and word combinations.
1) working conditions; 2) to be well lit; 3) modern textile facilities; 4) to be designed with additional protection; 5) to be exposed to smth; 6) quality control inspectors; 7) to endure some stress; 8) to vary greatly.
IX. Write out the key words characterising the working conditions in the textile industry.
X. Translate the text into Russian.
XI. Render the text in Russian.
XII. Read the text again and speak about the nature of the textile industry.
UNIT 6
I. Read the following international words and translate them.
Occupation, unique, industry, table, exist, administrative, management, professional, operator, operation, service, type, complex, machine, specialize, diagnose, problem, traditionally, process, inspector, instrument, testing, defect, specification, mechanic, tractor, material, engineer, technician.
II. Read and learn the following words and word combinations.
1. Employment 2. opportunity 3. administrative support 4. material-moving 5. maintenance 6. a machine setter 7. to set a machine 8. to monitor operation 9. simultaneously 10. to process 11. raw cotton 12. to spin fibers into thread 13. to reduce machine idle time 14. to tend a machine 15. assembler 16. tester 17. sorter | занятость, служба, занятие, работа благоприятный случай, стечение обстоятельств, возможность служба канцелярии перемещение материалов эксплуатация, техническое обслуживание наладчик станков налаживать, регулировать станок осуществлять текущий контроль за работой одновременно обрабатывать, подвергать обработке хлопок-сырец вытягивать волокна в нить сокращать время простоя станков обслуживать станок (рабочий) сборщик лаборант, испытатель сортировщик |
III. Find in the text and translate the sentences with the words and word combinations from Exercise II.
IV. Read the text trying to understand its gist and make up an outline.
Occupations in the Textile Industry
The textile industry offers employment opportunities in a variety of occupations, but production occupations account for almost 65 percent of all jobs. Some of these production occupations are unique to the industry. (See table 1.) Additional opportunities also exist in material-moving, administrative support, maintenance, repair, management and professional occupations. The industry also employs a small number of workers in service and sales occupations.
Many workers enter the textile industry as machine setters and operators, the largest occupational group in the industry. They are responsible for setting each machine and monitoring its operation. Usually, operators work with one type of less complex machine, but they can advance to jobs operating more sophisticated machinery or several machines simultaneously. They often specialize in a particular type of machine. For example, experienced operators may work with machinery that processes raw cotton, spins fibers into thread or weaves fabric. Additionally, they must diagnose problems when the machinery stops and restart it as soon as possible, to reduce costly machine idle time. Traditionally, operators tended a small number of machines; however, as production processes have become more automated, the number of machines each operator monitors has increased. Team assemblers perform all of the assembly tasks assigned to their teams, rotating through the different tasks, rather than specializing in a single task. They also may decide how the work is to be assigned and how different tasks are to be performed.
Skilled production occupations also include inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers, who use precision measuring instruments and complex testing equipment to detect product defects, wear or deviations from specifications. Among installation, maintenance and repair occupations, industrial machinery mechanics account for about 3 percent of industry employment.
Plant workers who do not operate or maintain equipment mostly perform a variety of other material-moving tasks. Some drive industrial trucks or tractors to move materials around the plant, load and unload trucks and railroad cars or package products and materials by hand.
Engineers and engineering technicians, although a vital part of the textile industry, account for less than 1 percent of employment in the industry. Some engineers are textile engineers, who specialize in the design of textile machinery, the study of fibers and textile production. The industry also employs other types of engineers, particularly industrial and mechanical engineers.
V. Read the text again and give answers to the following questions.
1. Which occupations account for 65 percent of all jobs in the textile Indus-
try?
2. Where do additional employment opportunities exist?
3. What is the largest occupational group in the industry?
4. What are machine setters and operators responsible for?
5. Who must diagnose problems when the machine stops?
6. Do operators tend a small number of machines?
7. How do team assemblers perform the assembly tasks assigned to the
team?
8. What do skilled production occupations also include?
9. How much do industrial machinery mechanics account for among installat
ion, maintenance and repair occupations?
10. What jobs do plant workers who do not operate or maintain equipment
perform?
11. Are engineers and engineering technicians a vital part of the textile Indus-
try?
12. What types of engineers does the textile industry employ?
VII. Ask five questions of your own on the given text.
VIII. Translate into Russian paying attention to Infinitive Constructions.
1. Experienced operators are used to work with machinery that processes raw
cotton, spins fibers into thread or weaves fabric.
2. Administrative personnel want many workers to enter the textile industry
as machine setters and operators.
3. They also may decide how the work is to be assigned and how different
tasks are to be performed.
IX. Translate the following word combinations and make sentences using them.
To offer employment opportunities, account for, material-moving, administrative support, maintenance, repair, management, and professional occupa-
tions, to be responsible for, to operate more sophisticated machinery or several machines simultaneously, to process raw cotton, to spin fibers into thread, to weave fabric, to reduce costly machine idle time, to tend a number of machines, to rotate through the different tasks, to specialize in a single task, to use precision measuring instruments, complex testing equipment, to detect product defects, wear or deviations from specifications.
X. Translate the text into Russian.
XI. Work out the plan of the text.
XII. Render the text in Russian.
XIII. Read the text again and speak about the nature of the textile industry.
UNIT 7
I. Read the following international words and translate them.
Training, automated, textile industry, production, diploma, position, extensive, technical, college, test, integral, firm, complex, problem, mechanic, combination, program, center, seminar, modern, premium, effectively, management, concentration, technology, design, business.
II. Read and learn the following words and word combinations.
1. advancement 2. entry-level position 3. job applicant 4. to screen 5. the necessary skills 6. experienced 7. contractor 8. to be designed 9. supervisory 10. self-direction 11. interpersonal skills 12. teamwork 13. a bachelor’s degree 14. to take classes | продвижение по службе, рост положение, должность начального уровня претендент на рабочее место подвергать испытаниям, тщательно отбирать необходимая квалификация опытный подрядная организация быть предназначенным (для ч-л) контролирующий, надзорный самонаведение навыки межличностных отношений бригадная/коллективная работа степень бакалавра заниматься, изучать ч-л |
Ш. Read the text trying to understand its gist and make an outline.
Training & Advancement
As the textile industry becomes increasingly automated, production workers need to be prepared. A high school diploma may be necessary for many entry-level positions, and extensive postsecondary training is required for more technical jobs. This training may be obtained at technical schools and community colleges. More and more often, job applicants are screened through the use of tests, to ensure that they have the necessary skills.
Extensive on-the-job training has become an integral part of working in today’s textile mills. This training may be provided by experienced workers at the firm or by outside contractors and vendors. Technical training is designed to help workers understand complex, automated machinery, recognize problems, and restart machinery when the problem is solved. Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, such as industrial machinery mechanics, also require extensive training, often through a combination of classroom and apprenticeship programs. Training may help experienced workers advance to supervisory positions.
Increasingly, training is offered to enable people to work well in a team-oriented environment. Many firms have established training centers or hosted seminars that encourage employee self-direction and responsibility and the development of interpersonal skills. Because of the emphasis on teamwork and the small number of management levels in modern textile mills, firms place a premium on workers who show initiative and communicate effectively.
Engineering applicants generally need a bachelor’s or advanced degree in a field of engineering or production management. Degrees in mechanical or industrial engineering are common, but concentrations in textile-specific areas of engineering are especially useful. For example, many applicants take classes in textile engineering, textile technology, textile materials and design. These specialized programs usually are found in engineering and design schools in the South and Northeast. As in other industries, a technical degree with an advanced degree in business can lead to opportunities in management.
IV. Read the text again and answer the following questions.
1. Why do production workers need to be prepred?
2. What is required for many entry –level positions and technical jobs?
3. Where may this training be obtained?
4. Why are job applicants screened through the use of tests?
5. What has become an integral part of working in today’s textile mills?
6. Who may extensive on-the-job training be provided by?
7. What is technical training designed for?
8. Do installation, mainenance and repair workers also require extensive train-
ing?
9. How may training help experienced workers?
10. What do training centers and hosted seminars encourage workers?
11. Why do firms place a premium on workers who show initiative and com-
municate effectively?
12. What do engineering applicants generally need?
13. What classes do many engineering applicants take?
14. What can a technical degree with an advanced degree in business lead to?
plete the following sentences according to the contents of the text and translate them into Russian.
1. As the textile industry becomes …, production workers need to be prepared.
2. A high school diploma may be necessary for many …, extensive … training
is required for many technical jobs.
3. … training is designed to help workers understand …, … machinery, recog-
nize problems, and … machinery when the problem is solved.
VI. Translate the following word combinations and make sentences using them.
Increasingly automated, a high school diploma, extensive postsecondary training, this training may be obtained at, job applicants, extensive on-the-job training, experienced workers, outside contractors and vendors, to understand complex, automated machinery, to recognize problems, to restart machinery, a combination of classroom and apprenticeship programs, advance to supervisory positions, to work well in a team-oriented environment, to encourage employee self-direction and responsibility, the development of interpersonal skills, to place a premium on workers.
VII. The following statements are the answers to questions. What do you think the questions were? Before you find the answer – the proper question – translate every statement.
1. Extensive on-the-job training may be proved by experienced workers at the
firm or by outside contractors and venders.
2. Training may help experienced workers advance to supervisory positions.
3. Training is offered to enable people to work well in a team-oriented environment.
VIII. Translate the text into Russian.
IX. Work out the plan of the text.
X. Render the text inRussian.
XI. Read the text again and speak about training and advancement in the textile industry.
UNIT 8
I. Read the following international words and translate them.
Textile industry, production, type, typical, table, occupation, product, forming, operator, synthetic, tractor, contract, percent.
II. Read and learn the following words and word combinations.
1. earning 2. nonsupervisory 3. wage 4. to depend upon 5. miscellaneous 6. eligible 7. discount 8. merchandise 9. median hourly earnings 10. extruding 11. tender 12. bleaching 13. dyeing 14. Sewing machine 15. union 16. unionization rate 17. typical benefits | заработок, доход неконтролирующий зарплата, оклад, жалование зависеть от смешанный, разнообразный имеющий право, могущий быть избранным скидка товары средняя почасовая оплата штамповка выдавливанием; формование вы - давливанием, экструдирование механик, оператор отбеливание окрашение, окраска тканей профсоюз степень охвата профсоюзами типовые льготы |
III. Read the text trying to understand its gist and make up an outline.
Earnings in the Textile Industry
Average weekly earnings of nonsupervisory textile production workers were $450 in 2003, compared with $597 for production workers in all manufacturing and $474 for workers throughout private industry. Wages within the textile industry depend upon skill level and type of mill. At $516, average weekly earnings in miscellaneous textile goods were the highest in the industry, whereas workers in narrow fabric mills earned an average of $400 per week, the lowest in the industry. In addition to typical benefits, employees often are eligible for discounts in factory merchandise stores. Earnings in the largest occupations in textile mill products appear in table 2.
Table 2. Median hourly earnings of the largest occupations in textile mill products, 2003 | ||
Occupation | Textile mill products | All industries |
Industrial machinery mechanics | $13.06 | $17.30 |
Maintenance and repair workers, general | 12.75 | 13.39 |
Maintenance workers, machinery | 12.08 | 14.89 |
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers | 11.32 | 12.66 |
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders | 10.35 | 10.32 |
Industrial truck and tractor operators | 10.19 | 11.74 |
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers | 9.89 | 12.22 |
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders | 9.82 | 9.89 |
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders | 9.79 | 9.42 |
Sewing machine operators | 8.31 | 7.80 |
The industry has a low unionization rate; only 5.6 percent of textile workers were union members or were covered by a union contract in 2003, compared with 14.9 percent for the economy as a whole. The most prominent union in the industry is the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE), which was formed in 1995 by the merger of the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union and the International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union.
IV. Read the text again and give answers to the following questions.
1. What were average weekly earnings of nonsupervisory textile production
workers in 2003?
2. What do wages within textile industry depend upon?
3. Where were average weekly earnings the highest in the industry?
4. Who is eligible for discounts in factory merchandise stores?
5. Look at the table and say what median hourly earnings of the largest occupa
tions in textile mill products are.
pare hourly earnings in textile mill products and in all industries. Where
are they higher?
7. What part of textile workers were union members in 2003?
8. What is the most prominent union in the industry?
plete these word combinations with appropriate verbs from the text.
1. to …… an average salary per week;
2. to …… workers;
3. to …… a contract;
4. to …… hourly earnings.
VI. Word families: Fill in the missing words.
Verb | Noun | Adjective |
to extend | (1) …… | (2) …… |
(3) …… | occupation | (4) …… |
(5) …… | (6) …… | comparative |
to form | (7) …… | (8) …… |
VII. Make 8 sentences of your own using the words from Exercise VI.
V. Translate the following word combinations and make sentences using them.
Average weekly earnings, compared with, wages within the textile industry, skill level and type of mill, the highest in the industry, the lowest in the industry, typical benefits, to be eligible for discounts in factory merchandise stores, to be union members, to be covered by a union contract, textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders.
VI. Translate the text into Russian.
VII. Render the text in Russian.
VIII. Read the text again and speak about the nature of the textile industry.
UNIT 9
I. Before reading the text study the following:
1. ISO International Or ganization for Standardi- zation 2. ISO 9002 3. N. C. North Carolina 4. pany 5. Inc. Incorporated 6. Va. Virginia 7. NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement 8. S. C. South Carolina 9. N. H. New Hampshire 10. GmbH 11. A. G. | Международная организация по стандартизации стандарт ISO на изготовление и установку Северная Каролина ( штат США ) компания ( промышленная, торговая и т. п. ) зарегистрированный как корпорация Виргиния ( штат США ) Североамериканское соглашение о свободной торговле Южная Каролина (штат США) Нью-Гемпшир ( штат США ) |
II. Look through the text, write out all the proper names and translate them into Russian.
III. Read and try to understand the following short messages:
News from suppliers
John McCurry
1. A. B. Carter received Greenwood Mills’ “Character of Quality Supplier Award” and also recently completed ISO 9002 registration in all divisions at its Gastonia, N. C. facility. The company has also acquired the assets of the Traveler Div. of Dynacast Inc. All sales and manufacturing activities will be integrated with the U. S. Ring Traveler Co., Gastonia. The new company will be called U. S. / Dynalon Traveler Co., said its chairman Bynum Carter.
2. Automation Partners, Sunnyvale, Calif., acquired certain assets of Computer Design Solutions, Statesville, N. C., related to the KT-220 Knit Tracker Monitoring System for large diameter knitting machines and the НТ-220 Hosiery Tracker Monitoring System for hosiery and sock knitting machines.
3. Hi-Tech, Richmond, Va., is now the exclusive distributor in NAFTA countries for Christoph Burckhardt AG’s range of perforating tools.
4. Global Carolina, a new company formed by textile manufacturing veteran Gerald Tollison, will operate as a distributor and agent for textile machinery produced in Great Britain and other European countries. Global Carolina is located in Gaffney, S. C.
5. Labsphere, North Sutton, N. H., recently established sales offices in Uhldingen, Germany, and Paris.
6. Optimol Lubricants now has a web site at *****@***Com. Optimol, which serves weaving, knitting, finishing and yarn manufacturing, is owned by Castrol Industrial North America.
7. Para-Chem’s Simpsonville, S. C., plant recently received ISO-9002 certification.
8. Seydel International appointed Jackie Golden as president. Seydel International is a supplier of chemicals for textile weavers in 42 countries.
9. SIGA Inc. appointed Lee F. Lemere as assistant to the president. SIGA is the holding company for The Seydel Companies, Seydel Research, The Chemol Co. and several joint venture and subsidiary investments.
10. Toyoda Automatic Loom Works bought Kawamota System Corp., extending its business to the sizing industry machinery under the name of Toyoda-Kawamoto.
11. Wardwell Braiding Machine Co. appointed Hacoba Textile Machinery (HTM) as its exclusive sales representative in the U. S. and Canada for wire and textile braiders manufactured by Schnellflechter Berlin, GmbH, Wardwell’s German subsidiary.
IV. Match the translation of the following words:
1. to supply 1. быть расположенным
2. supplier 2. текстильное оборудование
3. to acquire 3. изготовлять, выделывать, делать
4. assets 4. снабжать, поставлять
5. to manufacture 5. поставщик
6. to relate 6. приобретать
7. distributor 7. актив, средства, фонды
8. textile machinery 8. относиться, иметь отношение
9. to produce 9. вязание, трикотаж
10. to be located 10. пряжа
11. sales 11. узел всемирной связи
12. web site 12. производить
13. weaving 13. продажи
14. knitting 14. агент по продаже, дистрибутор
15 finishing 15. совместное предприятие
16. yarn 16. ткацкий, ткачество
17. chemicals 17. инвестиция, вклад
18. joint venture 18. ткацкий станок
19. subsidiary 19. химикаты, химикалии
20. investment 20. плетельная машина
21. loom 21. отделка, обработка, аппретура
22. braider 22. филиал, дочерняя компания
V. Translate the following words and word combinations:
To acquire, gin, ginning, hosiery, a perforating tool, sizing machinery, to appoint smb. as smth., to receive certification, a sales representative.
VI. Make up sentences using the words and word combinations in Ex. V.
VII. Ask a questions on each paragraph of the text ( 11 questions).
VIII. Translate one of the messages in writing.
ХI. Render the messages in Russian.
UNIT 10
I. Before reading the text study the following:
1. a ginning company 2. a gin 3. to gin 4. a bale 5. a sensor 6. a bypass 7. a valve 8. to select 9. to average 10. installation 11. advanced 12. a site 13. to date 14. а mill 15. to result in | хлопкоочистительная компания джин, волокноотделитель очищать хлопок кипа, тюк датчик, чувствительный/воспринимающий элемент обход, обходной канал, шунт клапан выбирать в среднем равняться, составлять установка, сборка современный, передовой, продвинутый место, местонахождение, позиция на данное число, до настоящего времени фабрика, комбинат, стан иметь следствием, привести к |
II. Read and translate the following proper names:
Zellweger Uster, Uster IntelliGin, McClendon, Mann & Felton Gin Co., the Dumas Gin Co., Arkansas, Mariana.
III. Read the text “Zellweger Uster Names Testing Sites” and translate it into Russian. Zellweger
Uster names testing sites
Two new ginning companies have been selected as the 1997 test sites for Zellweger Uster’s gin process control system, Uster IntelliGin.
Those sites are McClendon, Mann & Felton Gin Co. in Mariana, Ark., and the Dumas Gin Co. in Dumas, Arkansas.
The McClendon, Mann & Felton Gin was built in 1993 and averages 35,000-40,000 bales per year at 45 bales /hr. The gin company is installing a fully automatic system with four sensors and bypass valves, making this the most advanced gin process control system to date.
The installation has resulted in a substantial contract with a major textile mill for cotton ginned to the mill’s specifications.
Dumas gins more than 50 bales / hr. Total 1996 output was more than 56,000 bales. Uster IntelliGin will be primarily a monitoring system.
IV. Read and learn the following word combinations:
A ginning company, а test site, a gin process control system, a full automated system, a bypass valve, a major textile mill, total output, a senser, to gin cotton, to result in, a bale, a substantial contract, a monitoring system.
V. Make up sentences using word combinations of Ex. IV.
VI. Answer the questions.
1. Which companies have been selected as the 1997 test sites for Ulster IntelliGin?
2. What is Ulster IntelliGin?
3. When was the McClendon, Mann & Felton Gin built?
4. How many bales per year does it average?
5. What is the McClendon, Mann & Felton Gin installing?
6. What has this installation result in?
7. How many bales per hour does Dumas gin?
8. What is its total 1996 output?
9. What will Ulster IntelliGin be primarily?
VII. Ask five questions on the text.
VIII. Make up an outline of the text.
IX. Render the text in English.
UNIT 11
I. Read the following international words and translate them into Russian.
Card, vertical, orientation, operation, production, circular, version, tricot, acetate, delicate, construction, material, system, export, certification, standard, cycle, strategy.
II. Read and translate the following proper names.
Batson Yarn & Fabrics Machinery Group, Akayteks Corp., Bursa, Turkey, Sayteks Texstil, Camber Quattro, Alexander Fabrics, Burlington, N. C., BGF Industries, South Hill, Va., Culp Woven Velvets, Anderson, S. C., and West Point Stevens, Calhoun Falls, S. C., Foss Mfg., Hampton, N. H., Autefa TopLiner CL4000, Heberlein Textildruck AG, Wattwil, Swizerland, Manama Textiles Ltd., Bahrein, Sulzer Ruti P7100 machines,
Mastercraft Fabrics’ Park Plant in Spindale, N. C, Quaker Fabrics Corp., Synthetics Industries, Ringgold, Ga., Texfi Industries, Schroder & Co.
III. Read and memorize the following abbriviations.
1. Corp. corporation 2. Md. Maryland 3. N. C. North Carolina 4. Va. Virginia 5. S. C. I South Carolina 6. N. J. New Jersey 7. Ltd limited 8. Div. division 9. Mass. Massachusetts 10. Ga. - Georgia 11. Co – company | корпорация Мэриленд ( штат США ) Северная Каролина ( штат США ) Виргиния ( штат США ) Южная Каролина ( штат США ) Нью-Джерси ( штат США ) (компания) с ограниченной ответственностью отдел, отделение, филиал Массачусетс ( штат США ) Джорджия ( штат США) компания ( промышленная, торговая и т. п. ) |
IV. Read and try to understand the following messages:
News from the mills
Akayteks Corp., Bursa, Turkey, averages producing woven fabric daily for its vertical operation which includes dyeing, finishing and garment production. A subsidiary, Sayteks Texstil, is now operating 11 circular Camber Quattro knitting machines in single-jersey and convertible versions for fleece and rib.
Alexander Fabrics, Burlington, N. C., has added to its complement of Sclavos Apollon dyeing machines for dyeing a wide range of fabrics, ranging from delicate tricot acetates and narrow polyester constructions.
BGF Industries, South Hill, Va., Culp Woven Velvets, Anderson, S. C., and West Point Stevens, Calhoun Falls, S. C., are installing Genginger materials handling systems for fabric production. All were purchased through Batson Yarn & Fabrics Machinery Group.
Foss Mfg., Hampton, N. J., is installing two Autefa TopLiner CL4000 crosslappers and a Unibox 3000 staple fiber baling system in its nonwovens operations.
Heberlein Textildruck AG, Wattwil, Swizerland, recently installed a 2-chamber Krantz Aero-Dye piece dyeing machine for finishing Tencel, polynosics and other fabrics.
Manama Textiles Ltd., Bahrein, has orderedcm P lean weaving machines from Sulzer Ruti. The projectile machines will be employed by Manama in production of lightweight cotton fabrics for export to Europe and North American markets. The new installation will complement 96 Sulzer Ruti P7100 machines producing heavy cotton fabrics, such as drills and duck.
Mastercraft Fabrics’ Park Plant in Spindale, N. C., has received certification for ISO 9002 quality standard. The Mastercraft Div. has five manufacturing plants in North Carolina.
Quaker Fabrics Corp. is installing a Bigagli BR1 spinning machine for production of fancy yarns. The unit incorporates the Novafil system. It is part of Quaker’s new fancy spinning plant in Fall River, Mass.
Synthetics Industries, Ringgold, Ga., purchased a Temafa Baltromix fiber blending system through Batson Yarn & Fabrics Machinery Group. The versatile system provides dosing rate of +/-1% with up to six weighing cycles / min.
Texfi Industries, producer of finished woven fabrics for marketing in U. S., European and Asian markets, has retained Schroder & Co. for advice on long-term strategy.
V. Read and learn the following words and word combinations:
1. garment production 2. drill 3. duck 4. knitted fabric 5. dyeing 6. finishing 7. staple 8. fleece 9. rib 10. tricot 11. lingerie 12. to purchase 13. baling system 14. nonwoven 15. woven fabric 16. fancy yarn | производство одежды тик (плотная льняная или хлопчатобумажная ткань) грубое полотно, парусина трикотажное полотно окраска тканей аппретура; обработка, отделка волокно, штапель, штапельная длина ворс, начес рубчик (в вязанье и т. п.); кромка, край (ткани) трико (материя), трикотаж, трикотажное изделие дамское белье покупать, закупать (приобретать что-л. за деньги) система тюковки нетканый текстильная ткань модная, фасонная пряжа |
VI. Make sentences of your own using words and word combinations from Exercise V.
VII. Translate any five messages you liked.
VIII. Ask 10 questions on the text.
IX. Render the messages in Russian.
X. Render the five messages you liked in English.
UNIT 12
I. Read the following international words and translate them into Russian.
Computer, design, cooperative, service, office, industry, company, textile, institute, technology, college, management, program, product, information, organic, instrument, injection, center, business, form.
II. Read and translate the following proper names.
Computer Design and Stoll GmbH, DyStar, Dalton, Bayer Corp., Hoechst Celanese Corp., Lektra, Monarch Design Systems, Philadelphia College, East Providence, Robert Anderson, Hal E. Brockman, Sonoco Crellin, Chatham, Trevira, Sabanci Holding, Izmit.
III. Read and memorize the following abbriviations.
1. Ga. - Georgia 2. Corp. corporation 3. CAD computer-aided design 4. CAM computer-aided manufacturing 5. R. I. Rhode Island 6. R&D research and development 7. N. Y. New York 8. GmbH 9. undergrad (undergraduate) | Джорджия ( штат США ) корпорация автоматизированное проектирование автоматизированное производство Род-Айленд ( штат США ) научно-исследовательские и опытно-конструкторские работы Нью-Йорк ( город и штат США ) общество с ограниченной ответственностью студент |
IV. Read the following messages and try to understand them:
News from suppliers
Computer Design and Stoll GmbH recently reached a cooperative licensing agreement. The deal authorizes Stoll to resell Computer Design’s U4ia (Euphoria) software as its front-end design package to Stoll’s SIRIX systems.
DyStar opened a sales and service office in Dalton, Ga., designed to meet the needs of the carpet industry in the area. DyStar is the dyestuff company formed in a joint venture combining the former textile colorant businesses of Bayer Corp. and Hoechst Celanese Corp.
Lectra Systems and the Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT) have upgraded the college’s curricula in the Patternmaking and Manufacturing Management programs. FIT will operate Lectra’s Total Apparel CAD systems for pattern design, grading, marker making and product information management.
Monarch Design Systems (MDS) recently launched its World Wide Web site – www. . MDS also formed a partnership with Philadelphia College of Textiles & Science to use MDS software in classes for fabric and fashion CAD /CAM. MKS knitting software and Pointcarre software are currently used in the college’s undergrad curriculum.
Organic Dyestuffs, East Providence, R. I., appointed Robert Anderson as technical sales representative for the Northeast.
Hal E. Brockman, formerly of Cotton Incorporated, has been elected a director of Raitech, a Charlotte-based developer and manufacturer of textile testing instruments.
Sonoco Crellin opened The Richard S. Crellin Advanced Engineering Center in Chatham, N. Y. The new facility allows the company to dedicate equipment to R&D without disrupting production. The center will house four injection molding machines, an extruder and a thermoformer. A wholly-owned subsidiary of Sonoco, Sonoco Crellin produces engineered injection molded and extruded plastic products for the textile and other industries.
Trevira, the polyester business of Hoechst, and the tire cord division of Sabanci Holding, have begun construction of a $105-million production facility in Izmit, Turkey, as part of a joint venture to manufacture polyester tire cord fabric. The 50-50 joint venture, known as HOECSA, expects to begin commercial production at the site in early 2006.
V. Read the text again and answer the following questions.
1. What deal did Computer Design and Stoll GmbH recently reach?
2. What kind of company is DyStar?
3. What will the Fashion Institute of Techology operate?
4. Who recently launched the World Wide Web site?
5. Why did MDS form a partnership with Philadelphia College of Textiles and
Science?
6. What company appointed Robert Anderson as technical sales representative
for the Northeast?
7. What is Raitech?
8. What did Sonoco Crellin open in Chatham, N. Y.?
9. Does the new facility allow the company to dedicate equipment to R&D
without disrupting production?
10. What does Sonoco Crellin produce?
11. What companies have begun construction of a production facility in Izmit,
Turkey?
12. When does this joint venture expect to begin commercial production at the
site?
VI. Find in the text the following words and word combinations and translate them.
to reach a licensing agreement, to resell, software, to meet the needs, the carpet industry, the dyestuff company, a joint venture, to upgrade the college’s curricula, to launch its World Wide Web site, technical sales representative, testing instruments, manufacturer, without disrupting production, molding machine, extruder, tire cord fabric.
VII. Make ten sentences of your own using words and word combinations from Exercise VI.
VIII. Ask 8 questions on the text to make an outline.
IX. Translate any five messages from the text you liked.
X. Render all the messages in Russian.
XI. Render the five messages you liked in English.
Список рекомендуемой литературы
1. Агабекян язык для средних специальных заведений. – Ростов н / Д.: Феникс, 2003.
2. Труевцева по английскому языку для текстильной промышленности. – М.: ВШ, 1989.
3. Иствуд Дж. Оксфордская практическая грамматика. Оксфорд Юниверсити Пресс, 1997.
4. Новый англо-русский словарь. – М.: Вече, 2000.
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Предисловие ……………………………………………...…………… Unit 1………………………………………………………………….... Unit 2 …………………………………………………………………... Unit 3…………………………………………………………..……….. Unit 4 …………………………………………………………..………. Unit 5 ……………………………………………………..……………. Unit 6 ……………………………………………………..……………. Unit 7 …………………………………………………………..………. Unit 8 ……………………………………………………………..……. Unit 9 ……………………………………………………………..……. Unit 10 …………………………………………………………..……… Unit 11 …………………………………………………………..……… Unit 12 ……………………………………………………..…………… Список рекомендуемой литературы………………………………..... | 3 4 6 9 13 15 18 21 24 26 29 30 33 36 |
Составители: Борис Сергеевич Салин
Елена Павловна Луцева
Чтение текстов по специальности 2802
«Технология текстильных изделий»
Методические указания
Под редакцией авторов
Темплан 2006 г., поз. № 37.
Подписано в печать г. Формат 60×84 1/16.
Бумага потребительская. Гарнитура ”Times“.
Усл. печ. л. 2,37. Усл. авт. л. 2,18.
Тираж 50 экз. Заказ
Волгоградский государственный технический университет
400131 Волгоград, просп. им. , 28.
РПК «Политехник»
Волгоградского государственного технического университета
400131 Волгоград, ул. Советская, 35.
