Раздел 3. «Практическое использование языкового материала»

Раздел 3. «Практическое использование языкового материала»

Для выполнения заданий раздела «Практическое использование языкового материала» Вам нужно уметь:

·  употреблять лексические единицы в соответствии с сочетаемостью слов;

·  использовать лексические единицы в их разных значениях в соответствии с контекстом;

·  употреблять разные грамматические формы для передачи одной и той же мысли (герундия, Complex Object, модальных глаголов с Perfect Infinitive, устойчивых выражений, двойных союзов и т. д.).

Part 1

Task А1-А9

Рекомендуемое время выполнения задания - 15 минут

For questions A1-A9, read the text below and circle the answer (1, 2, 3 or 4) which best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning 0

Oceans

Why on Earth do we call our planet Earth? Planet Sea would be a much better name, for it is the water - and the 0 ______ that it has brought - that really A1 ______ it from the dry, barren lumps that populate the rest of the solar system. Seventy-two per cent of the Earth's surface is covered by ocean. All life, including our own ancestors, came from the sea, and no land species could survive without the rain we get from it. And the oceans continue to regulate the climate of our lonely planet, A2 _______ it as an isolated oasis in the vast black desert of space.

Yet humanity has always exploited the life-giving oceans, treating them as an apparently
A3 ______ source of food and a seemingly limitless A4 ______ for our wastes. For generation after generation we have managed to get A5 ______with it; the immensity of the oceans has been able to tolerate the abuse. But now, as our generation begins to assume responsibility for the health of this misnamed planet, the boundaries have been reached, or crossed. Most of the world's fisheries are at or beyond their limits. And pollution - especially from the carbon dioxide that is the main cause of global warming - now threatens the entire life of the oceans.

The problem seems to be the very thoughtless, self-centred attitude that led us to name the planet after the A6 ______ small part of it on which we live. For it is this A7 ______that has led to the spoiling of the oceans, and indeed of all the world's life A8 ______ systems. As a generation, we are going to have to A9 _____ with it if we are to save our seas, and with them the planet itself.

 

0	1 benefits	2 profits	3 utilities	4 resources
A1	1 excludes	2 outlines	3 retains	4 distinguishes
A2	1 sustaining	2 covering	3 confining	4 empowering
A3	1 inevitable	2 invaluable	3 incontestable	4 inexhaustible
A4	1 depot	2 store	3 dump	4 stockpile
A5	1 away	2 over	3 ahead	4 on
A6	1 apparently	2 evidently	3 manageably	4 relatively
A7	1 vision	2 approach	3 intention	4 regard
A8	1 security	2 guard	3 support	4 conservation
A9	1 combat	2 handle	3 counter	4 grapple

Part 2

Task B1-B5

Рекомендуемое время выполнения задания - 13 минут

For questions B1–B5, think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences. There is an example at the beginning 0

0

Both in the USA and Great Britain, a __host_______ of stars turned out recently for a tree planting ceremony.

His idea of a perfect talk show _____host_______was someone you don't remember seeing at the end of the programme.

In the story, those invited to attend made excuses; a response which so infuriated the ____host_____ that he ordered his servant to ‘Hurry out to the streets and bring back the poor.’

B1

Occasionally he pointed his camera at me, as I played with my friend, Katrina, who would later ___________ out of high school in Paris.

After a certain amount of small talk, he says casually, ‘Perhaps I might ___________ by and have a look at your painting sometime.’

We expect interest rates to ___________ by another three per cent.

B2

We must re-examine our arrangements and our priorities in the ___________ of this story.

Of course, the deception was bound to come to ___________ sooner or later.

Deep-sea fish have little or no ___________ by day and by night, because the sun’s rays cannot penetrate far below the surface.

B3

Here only a very few unusual men are retained in the public ___________ for long periods.

The girls sat on the ground under the watchful ___________ of their aunt.

When seeking old routes ‘by ___________’ rather than with the aid of a map, I used to examine my surroundings carefully.

B4

A former employee admitted she was ___________ to get hold of.

She looked so fragile, so easily broken, and yet there was something ___________ and uncompromising, at the core of her.

If a diet contains foods that you find ___________ to digest, then quite simply you are not going to stick to it.

B5

As you look at the fine architecture of this cell, ___________ in mind the fact that all that complexity is repeated millions of times.

You are obliged to ___________ your losses to a minimum.

___________ away from modern detergents in washing-up water which degrease any bit of skin they are in contact with.

Part 3

B6-B15

Рекомендуемое время выполнения задания - 15 минут

For questions B6-B15, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning 0

Example:

0 There was no reason to write them, not after what had been said.

POINT

There was no point in writing them, not after what had been said.

B6 At times like these he wished he had married an Englishwoman.

NOT

At times like these he regretted _______________________ an Englishwoman.

B7 Thanks to a research studentship I got the opportunity of returning to full-time research at university.

ENABLED

A research studentship _______________________ to full-time research at university.

B8 It is supposed that undergraduate dissertations should have some element, however small, of ‘research’ in them.

NO

Undergraduate dissertations are supposed to have some element, _______________________ how small, of ‘research’ in them.

B9 Jane was offered a position in the company even though she couldn’t speak English fluently.

DESPITE

Jane was offered a position in the company _______________________ unable to speak English fluently.

B10 He hasn’t enjoyed this show quite as much as the previous one.

SLIGHTLY

He has enjoyed this show _______________________ he did the previous one.

B11 It would be too simple to suggest that one man caused all this.

BROUGHT

It would be too simple to suggest that all this _______________________ by one man.

B12 I hadn’t realised that the Society’s financial situation was so bad until it closed its library.

DID

Only when the Society closed its library ____________________ that its financial situation was so bad.

B13 It is possible that students chose to complete parts of the questionnaire without much thought.

OPTED

Students _______________________ to complete parts of the questionnaire without much thought.

B14 I don't mind whether I'm English or Irish, maybe it was the way I was brought up.

DIFFERENCE

It doesn’t _______________________ to me whether I'm English or Irish, maybe it was the way I was brought up.

B15 My friends don't much like the sight of this motel.

APPEAL

This motel _______________________ my friends very much.