Рекламно-техническое описание «Кейсовый метод» в обучении говорению учащихся 8 класса школ с углубленным изучением английского языка

Федеральное агентство по образованию

Государственное образовательное учреждение гимназия № 000

УТВЕРЖДАЮ

Директор ГОУ Гимназия № 000

_____________ //

«___»_____________2009 г.

РЕКЛАМНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЕ ОПИСАНИЕ

«Кейсовый метод» в обучении говорению учащихся 8 класса школ с углубленным изучением английского языка

..00170

Листов 25

Разработчик:

20.02.2010

1. Функциональное назначение разработки

Для обучения английскому языку учащихся 8 класса в нашей гимназии базисным учебником и компонентами к нему является учебно-методический комплект по английскому языку для VIII класса школ с углубленным изучением английского языка авторов и .

Авторы УМК осуществляют тщательную подготовку к речи: учащиеся имеют мотив для говорения и языковые средства, с помощью которых они выражают свои мысли. Единицей построения учебника является Unit, который представляет собой последовательное и систематическое изучение определенной учебной ситуации.

Я предлагаю организовать учебный материал для обучения учащихся говорению по темам кейсовым способом в соответствии с разделами УМК.

Unit 1

Choosing a career: The World of Jobs

Unit 2

Education: The World of Learning

Unit 3

Shopping: The World of Money

Unit 4

Fascination and Challenge: The World of Science and Technology

Unit 5

Going to places: The World of Travelling

Unit 6

Newspapers and Television: The World of Mass Media

Соответственно мною разработано 6 блоков (кейсов) упражнений.

Кейс по теме “Jobs”

Unusual jobs

Упражнение 1.

НЕ нашли? Не то? Что вы ищете?

Match the list of professions with the stories about these professions and tell your friends about these professions.

a) Lawyer

b) Journalist

c) Engineer

d) Surgeon

e) Carpenter

1. A person who is trained and licensed to prepare, manage, and either prosecute or defend a court action as an agent for another and who also gives advice on legal matters that may or may not require court action. The lawyer applies the law to specific cases. He investigates the facts and the evidence by conferring with his client and reviewing documents, and he prepares and files the pleadings in court. At the trial he introduces evidence, interrogates witnesses, and argues questions of law and fact. If he does not win the case, he may seek a new trial or relief in an appellate court. Legal practice varies from country to country. In England lawyers are divided into barristers, who plead in the higher courts, and solicitors, who do office work and plead in the lower courts. In the United States attorneys often specialize in limited areas of law such as criminal, divorce, corporate, probate, or personal injury, though many are involved in general practice.

2. It is as old as humanity, for anyone who has ever stanched a wound has acted as a surgeon. The most commonly used instruments in surgery are still the scalpel (knife), hemostatic forceps, flexible tissue-holding forceps, wound retractors for exposure, crushing and noncrushing clamps for intestinal and vascular surgery, and the curved needle for working in depth. The 20th century witnessed several new surgical technologies to supplement the techniques of manual incision. Lasers are now widely used to destroy tumours and other pigmented lesions, some of which are inaccessible by conventional surgery. They are also used to surgically weld detached retinas back in place and to coagulate blood vessels to stop them from bleeding. Stereotaxic surgery uses a three-dimensional system of coordinates obtained by X-ray photography to accurately focus high-intensity radiation, cold, heat, or chemicals on tumours located deep in the brain that could not otherwise be reached. The major medical specialties involving surgery are general surgery, plastic surgery, orthopedic surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, neurosurgery, thoracic surgery, colon and rectal surgery, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, and urology. General surgery is the parent specialty and now centres on operations involving the stomach, intestines, breast, blood vessels in the extremities, endocrine glands, tumours of soft tissues, and amputations.

3. It is the collection, preparation, and distribution of news and related commentary and feature materials through such media as pamphlets, newsletters, newspapers, magazines, radio, motion pictures, television, and books. The word journalism was originally applied to the reportage of current events in printed form, specifically newspapers, but with the advent of radio and television in the 20th century, the use of the term has broadened to include all printed and electronic communication dealing with current affairs. Journalism in the 20th century has been marked by a growing sense of professionalism. There were four important factors in this trend: the increasing organization of working journalists; specialized education for journalism; a growing literature dealing with the history, problems, and techniques of mass communication; and an increasing sense of social responsibility on the part of journalists. Concern for social responsibility in journalism is largely a product of the late 19th and 20th centuries. The earliest newspapers and journals were generally violently partisan in politics and considered that the fulfillment of their social responsibility lay in proselytizing their own party's position and denouncing that of the opposition. As the reading public grew, however, the newspapers grew in size and wealth and became increasingly independent. Newspapers began to mount their own popular and sensational “crusades” in order to increase their circulation.

4. It is the application of science to the optimum conversion of the resources of nature to the uses of humankind. The term engineering is sometimes more loosely defined, especially in Great Britain, as the manufacture or assembly of engines, machine tools, and machine parts. The words engine and ingenious are derived from the same Latin root, which means “to create.” The early English verb engine meant “to contrive.” Thus the engines of war were devices such as catapults, floating bridges, and assault towers; their designer was the “engineer,” or military engineer. The counterpart of the military engineer was the civil engineer, who applied essentially the same knowledge and skills to designing buildings, streets, water supplies, sewage systems, and other projects. Associated with engineering is a great body of special knowledge; preparation for professional practice involves extensive training in the application of that knowledge. The engineer is not free to select the problem that interests him; he must solve problems as they arise; his solution must satisfy conflicting requirements. Usually efficiency costs money; safety adds to complexity; improved performance increases weight. The engineering solution is the optimum solution, the end result that, taking many factors into account, is most desirable.

5. It is the art and trade of cutting, working, and joining timber. The term includes both structural timberwork in framing and items such as doors, windows, and staircases. In the past, when buildings were often wholly constructed of timber framing, the carpenter played a considerable part in building construction; along with the mason he was the principal building worker. The scope of the carpenter's work has altered, however, with the passage of time. Increasing use of concrete and steel construction, especially for floors and roofs, means that the carpenter plays a smaller part in making the framework of buildings, except for houses and small structures. On the other hand, in the construction of temporary formwork and shuttering for concrete building, the carpenter's work has greatly increased. A carpenter's work may also extend to interior jobs, requiring some of the skills of a joiner. These jobs include making door frames, cabinets, countertops, and assorted molding and trim. Much of the skill involves joining wood inconspicuously for the sake of appearance, as opposed to the joining of unseen structural pieces. The standard hand tools used by a carpenter are hammers, pliers, screwdrivers, and awls for driving and extracting nails, setting screws, and punching guide holes, respectively.

Keys: a) 1, b) 3, c) 4, d) 2, e) 5

Упражнение 2.

These are some important jobs. Say which of them are usual or unusual.

Accountant, air host, architect, mechanic, carpenter, chemist, computer operator, dentist, designer, doctor, interpreter/translator, interior decorator, journalist, lawyer, librarian, machine operator, fashion model, musician, nurse, photographer, physicist, police officer, programmer, editor, electrician, engineer, estate agent, fashion designer, fireman, hairdresser, receptionist, secretary, social worker, sports instructor, teacher, travel agent, vet, pharamacist.

Упражнение 3.

What other unusual profession do you know? Tell your friend about them and express your opinion about the profession,

You may use the following phrases to express your opinion:

I’m sure that, To my mind, In my opinion, I know the fact that, I believe that, I’ve read about, I don’t think that, They say that.

My favourite profession

Упражнение 4.

These are some important jobs. Say which of them are attractive or not atractive.

Use these qualities to speak about the attractive jobs:

creative, challenging, exciting, fulfilling, interesting, pleasant, popular, prestigious, satisfying, skilful, rewarding.

Use these qualities to speak about the unattractive jobs:

backbreaking, boring, dangerous, exhausting, messy, monotonous, not respected, tiring.

Упражнение 5.

Tell your classmates about your favourite profession. The following questions will help you.

1) What is your favourite profession?

2) When did you know about this profession?

3) Who helped you to choose the profession?

4) Did you follow your parents’ footsteps?

5) Does the profession need the qualification?

6) Does it reflect your interests?

7) Does it reflect your talent and ambition?

8) Is the necessity of the profession great?

9) Do you wish to study further?

10) Why is it attractive?

You may use the following words and phrases:

My favourite profession is…

This job can offer…

a) promotion:

b) financial reward;

c) perks and bonuses;

d) good job opportunities;

This job can require…

a) special training;

b) accuracy;

c) physical strength;

d) a good imagination;

To master the profession I need …

a) to enter the institute;

b) to have high education;

c) To study further;

d) To have some experience

This job is attractive because it is…

a) challenging;

b) prestigious;

c) satisfying;

d) fulfilling;

I was encouraged by…

a) my teachers;

b) my parents;

c) certain events;

d) my friend’s advice;

Упражнение 6.

Different jobs can require some qualities and things.

Practise the dialogue in pairs.

a) begin the talk by asking your friend about her/his favourite profession.

You may use the following words, pharses and schemes:

I believe, I’m sure, I wish you had, Do you agree that, Are you sure that, Do you know the fact, I would like to know, I’m interested to know.

b) disagree with your friend.

You may use the following words, pharses and schemes:

On the one hand, On the other hand, To my mind, I can’t say that, to be better, In my opinion, You are not right.

c) express the idea by saying that different jobs can require:

accuracy, courage, a good imagination, a lot of experience, physical strength, special training, working from home, traveling a lot, working late hours, working night shifts.

Looking for a job

Упражнение 7.

Work in pairs. Continue the following conversations.

A: I know the fact that people look for jobs at different places.

B: What do you mean I wonder?

A: ______________________________________________________

B: ______________________________________________________

You may use the following words and phrases:

To be employed by the government, to be employed by the company, to be freelance.

A: Are you looking for a full-time job?

B: Yes, I’m going to have a regular job.

A: _______________________________________________________

B: _______________________________________________________

You may use the following words:

Full-time jobs, part-time jobs, regular jobs, odd jobs.

A: Can jobs offer any prospects?

B: Yes, I know some of them. But for the most important is the financial reward.

A: ______________________________________________________

B: ______________________________________________________

You may use the following words:

Promotion, financial reward, perks and bonuses, good job opportunities.

A: They say that some jobs require a lot of experience.

B: You are right and I may add they need accuracy.

A: _______________________________________________________

B: _______________________________________________________

You may use the following words:

Accuracy, courage, a good imagination, a lot of experience, physical strength, special training, working from home, traveling a lot, working late hours, working night shifts.

Кейс по теме “Education ”

Secondary education in Britain

Упражнение 1.

There are 6 extracts about various types of schools. Match them with the type of school. Speak about types of schools in Great Britain.

a) Preparatory (or prep) school

b) State school

c) Public school

d) Co-education

e) Comprehensive school

f) Primary education

1. In the United Kingdom, this term refers to government-funded schools which provide education free of charge to pupils.

2. It is a secondary school and state school for children from the age of 11 to at least 16 that does not select children on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude. The term is commonly used in relation to the United Kingdom, where comprehensive schools were introduced in the late 1940s to the early 1970s. It corresponds to the high school in the United States (ages 14 to 18). Some 90% of British pupils are educated at comprehensive schools.

It teaches a comprehensive range of subjects across the academic and vocational spectrum it is commonly understood that the school will need to be of a large size and to take children from a wide ability range.

3. It is the first stage of compulsory education. It is preceded by pre-school or nursery education and is followed by secondary education. In North America this stage of education is usually known as elementary education.

4. Education of males and females in the same schools. A modern phenomenon, it was adopted earlier and more widely in the United States than in Europe, where tradition proved a greater obstacle.

5. Schools began in the 19th century form an integral part of the private or independent school system. Boys or girls enter the schools at about the age of 8 and usually leave between the ages of 11 and 13, often to attend one of the private secondary institutions.

6. In England and Wales the term is often used to refer to fee-paying schools. It is used here in a somewhat archaic sense, meaning that they are open to any member of the public, distinguished from religious schools which are open only to members of that religion. Some people call only the older fee-paying schools, while others use the term for any such school.

Keys: a) 5, b) 1, c) 6, d) 4, e) 2, f) 3

Упражнение 2.

Speak about a system of education in Great Britain. Use the information:

Free education

Infant school (4-7 years old)

Junior school (8-11 years old)

Comprehensive school (11-16 years old) (GCSE)

6th form (A-level)

Paid education

Preparatory school (4-13 years old)

Public school (13-19 years old)

You may use the following words:

Primary education, secondary education, compulsory education, school age, to go to school, to be at school, to attend school, to finish/leave school, state schools, private schools, boarding schools, co-educational schools, comprehensive schools, primary schools, secondary schools, preparatory schools, public schools, to take an exam, to pass an exam, to fail an exam, GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education), GCSE exams, a level (advanced level) exam, school-leaving certificate.

Hampton school

Упражнение 3.

Read about Hampton school. Answer the questions about Hampton school. Speak about the school.

Hampton school is a prestigious boys’ school. It is a day school. The lessons begin at 8.50 a. m. There are 5 lessons and the last lesson finishes at 4 p. m., but there is a break from 12.35 to 2 p. m. for lunch and extra-curricular activities.

This school is open 6 days a week. The catchment area is large and the pupils go to school by bus, cycle or go on foot.

The boys are organized in forms of about 25. The curriculum is very broad. The pupils study core subjects and options. They use computers at different lessons but they have 2 Information Technologies labs with up-to-date equipment all with Internet access. They have such subjects as Biology, Chemistry, Physics. They learn foreign languages.

There is some setting.

There is only one full parents’ evening and the parents know about the results of their children from written reports.

There is a system of aptitude diagnosis and career counseling. There are close links with Girls’ High School.

The life is based on tolerance and mutual respect, bulling is treated firmly.

Every year there is a large number of applicants who sit the entrance exam.

1) Hampton school is a prestigious girls’ school, isn’t it?

2) When do the lessons begin and are over?

3) How are the boys organized?

4) Do the pupils study only core subjects?

5) What subjects do they have?

6) How many parents’ evenings do they have?

7) What system do they have?

8) What is prohibited?

9) What shows that it is a prestigious school?

My school

Упражнение 4.

Speak about education in your school. You may use the following:

Free, compulsory education

Junior school (7-10 years old)

Secondary school (11-18 years old)

You may use the following words:

Primary education, secondary education, compulsory education, school age, to go to school, to be at school, to attend school, to finish/leave school, state schools, primary school, secondary school, to take an exam, to pass an exam, to fail an exam, National State exam, school-leaving certificate.

Упражнение 5.

Work in pairs. Speak about your school. Continue the following conversations.

A: I know the fact that your school is a prestigious school.

B: Yes, you are right, it is called Gymnasium.

A: ______________________________________________________

B: ______________________________________________________

You may use the following words and phrases: three terms, school holidays, a day school, a break, extra-curricular activities.

A: The pupils are organized in forms, aren’t they?

B: Yes, The curriculum is very broad.

A: _______________________________________________________

B: _______________________________________________________

You may use the following words: core subjects and options, Information Technologies labs, up-to-date equipment, Internet access.

A: Do you learn foreign languages?

B: Yes, English, German, French.

A: ______________________________________________________

B: ______________________________________________________

You may use the following words: setting, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Maths.

A: They say that there is a system of aptitude diagnosis and career counseling.

B: You are right and the life is based on tolerance and mutual respect, bulling is treated firmly.

A: _______________________________________________________

B: _______________________________________________________

You may use the following words: to take an exam, to pass an exam, to fail an exam, National State exam, school-leaving certificate.

Упражнение 6.

Read the text about the English room and speak about any room or laboratory of your school.

The English study is situated on the 2nd floor. There are 3 windows, 8 desks and 16 chairs in it. It is big and light. It is always clean and it is pleasant to work here.

Here you can find tests and control works, on lower shelf our teacher keeps our works, and other pupils’ works. There is a blackboard. Under it you can find grammatical schedules and pictures.

You can see a TV set and DVD in the study. There are a lot of film-holders. Pupils watch films and cartoons in English. There is a tape recorder. Pupils listen to, the texts, songs, poems. There are a lot of cassettes.

Here there is our teacher’s work place. Our English teacher is Sudarenko Marina Nikolayevna. She has been working at school for many years and she tries to teach pupils well.

There are stands devoted to English speaking countries. You can see maps, flags, some materials and some pictures of interesting places of these countries. Every thing helps you to master the language.

There is a computer in the study. There are а lot of computer programmes, tests. All the pupils have an opportunity to work in computer.

There are a lot of flowers in the study. They make the room comfortable and beautiful.

There is a big library. Here you can find adapted books, books in the original, children books, textbooks for different levels, dictionaries.

When you look through the shelves of the study you can find some interesting and amusing things for example, the puppet theatre for little children with the puppets of different profession or some toys for example a double-decker, London taxi or a toy guard. You can find English games and play them. Everything makes teaching and learning the language interesting and fascinating.

Кейс по теме “Shopping”

Shopping in Britain

Упражнение 1.

Match the list of famous shops in Great Britain with the stories about these shops and tell your friends about these shops.

a) Selfridges

b) Harrods

c) The John Lewis shop

d) Marks & Spencer

1. It is a department store located on Brompton Road, south of Hyde Park, in the borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Henry Charles Harrod founded it as a grocery store in 1849. The enterprise expanded in the late 1800s, and many new departments were added. The store's owners expanded customer service to provide for every need and once boasted that Harrods had “the best circulating library in London.” Using the store's services, customers could buy theatre tickets, make travel reservations, and arrange funerals. Over the years Harrods made innovations in many areas of store operation. In 1884 cash desks were placed at convenient points to take customers' payments; up to that point most large retailers had used mechanical devices or runners to move customers' money and change between counters and a central cash station. The next year the store extended limited credit to approved customers. The present Harrods building, constructed in 1905, houses roughly 300 departments, 20 restaurants, a bank, and a beauty salon. Although the store still sells gourmet food items, its emphasis is on high-fashion clothing. Known for its zealous customer service, Harrods is considered the best department store in Britain. In 1985 it was bought by Mohammed al-Fayed (born 1933).

2. Selfridge Harry Gordon (born Jan. 11, 1858, Ripon, Wis., U. S.) is a founder of Selfridges department store in London. The son of a small storekeeper in Wisconsin, Selfridge at age 21 joined the wholesale-retail firm of Field, Leiter and Company (later Marshall Field and Company) in Chicago, where he worked for 25 years and became a junior partner. In 1906 he went to England with a fortune and began to build a large department store in Oxford Street, London. When his partner withdrew, Selfridge obtained support from a wealthy tea broker, and in 1908 Selfridge and Company, Ltd., was registered (with £900,000 capital) to complete the project. The store opened in 1909 with a floor area of 42,000 square feet, which later was doubled. Imaginative advertising, ingenious publicity, and novel interior arrangements immediately made Selfridges a household word, and in 1937 its owner became a British 1939, however, he had lost his touch as a businessman, and because of his personal extravagance the banks caused him to be replaced.

3. It is a chain of upmarket department stores operating throughout Great Britain and popular amongst the British middle class for its high quality goods. The chain is owned by the John Lewis Partnership. All permanent employees are partners in the business. There are currently 27 stores throughout England and Scotland and a further 8 stores are confirmed to open in the next 5 years. The brand is known for its slogan "Never Knowingly Undersold" which has been in use for 76 years. In 2007 John Lewis was voted Britain's Favourite Department Store. On 1 January 2008, John Lewis Oxford Street was awarded a Royal Warrant from Her Majesty the Queen as suppliers of haberdashery and household goods. The John Lewis shop in Reading, Berkshire also has a Royal Warrant from the Queen as suppliers of household and fancy goods, received on 1 January 2007. Several John Lewis stores are iconic architectural buildings, often with listed building status. These include the flagship store on Oxford Street, London, with its Barbara Hepworth statue Winged Figure, on the corner with Holles Street, and the Peter Jones department store at the corner of Sloane Square and Kings Road, Chelsea, London. Some of the earlier smaller branches have now been closed, such as Caley's in Windsor, which shut its doors in July 2006.

4. It started in 1884 as a stall in an open market in Leeds, Yorkshire. Then known as Marks' Penny Bazaar, it was the household goods, haberdashery, toy, and sheet-music business of Michael Marks, a Jewish refugee from Poland. His sign read “Don't ask the price—it's a penny.” In 1894 he took Thomas Spencer as a business partner. Marks's son Simon transformed the business from a number of outdoor stalls in various markets in northern England to a number of indoor shops, and he launched the company's St. Michael brand name—a popular label for decades. In 1988 the parent firm, Marks and Spencer Group PLC, purchased Brooks Brothers, the oldest U. S. clothing retailer, but it sold that division in this time the company operated more than 300 retail outlets in the United Kingdom, with additional stores in dozens of other countries, including France, Germany, Spain, and Hong Kong.

Keys: a) 2, b) 1, c) 3, d) 4

What makes money valuable

Упражнение 2.

Say what things make money valuable. Match the English and Russian words. Use the words and phrases:

1) Cash, 2) valuable, 3) to store, 4) to be stamped, 5) how much each coin is worth, 6) the coins are the amount stamped on them, 7) to be backed by the government and banks, 8) to have bills and coins issued by the government, 9) yardstick of value, 10) storehouse of value

a) наличные деньги, b) ценный, c) хранить, d) штамповать, e) сколько стоит каждая монета, f) монеты стоят столько, сколько указано на них, g) деньги обеспечиваются (гарантируются) правительством и банками, h) выпущенные в обращение правительством, i) мерило стоимости, j) хранилище стоимости

Keys: 1) a, 2) b, 3) c, 4) d, 5) e, 6) f, 7) g, 8) h, 9) i, 10) j

Упражнение 3.

Choose any topic you like. Use the words and phrases.

1. A supermarket or a corner shop. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of them and which do you prefer?

2. More and more shops, supermarkets and shopping centers are open on national holidays. What’s your attitude towards this phenomenon and why?

3. Consumer society (where people buy more and more things) is heading for its own destruction. How do you understand this sentence?

4. Aggressive advertising makes us buy a lot of things we would normally never buy.

5. Why do companies spend billions of dollars on advertising aimed at children?

Describing a school uniform

Упражнение 4.

Describe your school uniform. Use the following words:

A shirt, a blouse, trousers, a skirt, braces, sleeves, a collar, a stud, a tie, shoes, waistcoat

Упражнение 5.

Work in pairs and discuss the pros and cons of wearing a school uniform.

a) begin the talk by asking your friend about her/his attitude to wearing a uniform.

You may use the following words, pharses and schemes:

I believe, I’m sure, I wish you had, Do you agree that, Are you sure that, Do you know the fact, I would like to know, I’m interested to know.

b) disagree with your friend.

You may use the following words, pharses and schemes:

On the one hand, On the other hand, To my mind, I can’t say that, to be better, In my opinion, You are not right.

A uniform disciplines, you feel that you belong to a certain group, it is to say to which school the child goes to, school children don’t envy each other, schoolchildren can concentrate on work rather than on their classmates’ clothes.

c) express the idea by saying that school uniform is not important:

- when everyone wears the same uniform you can’t express your individuality.

- it’s boring to wear the same things every day.

- you don’t look good in the uniform but you have to wear it.

- some of your peers who don’t wear a uniform may laugh at you.

d) make your own conclusion.

My shopping day

Упражнение 6.

Tell your friend about things you can buy in a modern shopping center. Use the following words:

Ready-made clothes, fashion clothes, footwear, children’s wear, jewellery, home furnishing, fabrics, food and drinks, cosmetics and perfume, stationary, books, hi-fi, musical instruments, sportswear, tableware, gifts and souvenirs, toys.

Упражнение 7.

Tell your friend about things you can do in a modern shopping center being a customer. Use the following words:

Кейс по теме “Science and Technology”

The man and his work

Упражнение 1.

Match the words (1-10) with the definitions (a-j)

1. response

2. focus

3. initiate

4. decommission

5. triumph

6. research

7. property

8. position

9. theory

10. handful

a) thing one concentrates on

b) small number

c) idea that explains how or why something happens

d) a quality or feature of something

e) begin

f) a job in a company

g) take out of service

h) reply or reaction

i) great success

j) detailed study of something

Упражнение 2.

Give a short presentation on the work of a man

- Постарайтесь логически выстроить вашу презентацию;

- продумайте структуру презентации;

- продумайте язык презентации;

- делайте пометки;

- не забывайте использовать слова и фразы, помогающие выстроить речь: Let me start with… , Firstly/Secondly.., In spite of this…, What’s more…, What I wanted to talk about is…, On the one hand…, but on the other hand …, Another thing is…, In fact…, All in all, Finally.

- не заучивайте вашу речь наизусть;

- избегайте длинных и сложных предложений: в устной речи короткие предложения воспринимаются лучше;

- не говорите слишком долго: старайтесь побыстрее затронуть все предложенные аспекты задания.

Virtual technologies

Упражнение 1.

Опираясь на то, что говорил участник «В», восстановите вопросы, заданные участником «А»

1. А: __________________________________________________________

В: Well, this is a difficult question. Specialists still argue if virtual technologies do more harm than good.

2. А: __________________________________________________________

В: Let me think. Well, actually, virtual technologies may give results not wanted by society.

3. А: __________________________________________________________

В: I haven’t really thought if virtual technologies can be useful.

4. А: __________________________________________________________

В: You mean virtual technologies give users an opportunity to act together with the computer.

5. А: __________________________________________________________

В: Are you interested in danger of virtual technologies?

6. А: __________________________________________________________

В: I think that users of virtual technologies may lose the feeling of what is right and what is wrong.

Space exploration

Упражнение 1.

Answer the questions after the text.

Space exploration is the use of astronomy and space technology to explore outer space. Physical exploration of space is conducted both by human spaceflights and by robotic spacecraft. While the observation of objects in space, known as astronomy, predates reliable recorded history, it was the development of large liquid-fueled rocket engines during the early 20th century that allowed physical space exploration to become a mon rationales for exploring space include advancing scientific research, uniting different nations, ensuring the future survival of humanity and developing military and strategic advantages against other countries. Various criticisms of space exploration are sometimes made, generally on cost or safety grounds.

Space exploration has often been used as a proxy competition for geopolitical rivalries such as the Cold War. The early era of space exploration was driven by a "Space Race" between the Soviet Union and the United States; the launch of the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, the USSR's Sputnik 1, on October 4, 1957, and the first Moon landing by the American Apollo 11 craft on July 20, 1969 are often taken as the boundaries for this initial period. The Soviet space program achieved many of the first milestones, including the first living being in orbit in 1957, the first human spaceflight (Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1) in 1961, the first spacewalk (by Aleksei Leonov) in 1965, the first automatic landing on another celestial body in 1966, and the launch of the first space station (Salyut 1) in 1971.

After the first 20 years of exploration, focus shifted from one-off flights to renewable hardware, such as the Space Shuttle program, and from competition to cooperation as with the International Space Station.

From the 1990s onwards, private interests began promoting space tourism and then private space exploration of the Moon.

In the 2000s, China initiated a successful manned spaceflight program, while Japan and India have also planned future manned space missions. Larger government programs have advocated manned missions to the Moon and possibly Mars sometime after 2010.

1) How do people explore space?

2) What do common rationales for exploring space include?

3) What does it mean “Space Race”?

4) What is the role of the Soviet Union in exploring space?

5) What is the role of the USA in exploring space?

6) What are the plans of space exploration?

Упражнение 2.

Work in pairs. One of you will speak or ask questions, another one doesn’t understand and will ask to repeat. Use the following phrases:

Did you say…? Would you like to know …? Are you asking about…? Should I describe…? Do you want me to comment on…? I’m sorry, I don’t understand. I’m sorry I don’t quite see what you mean. Sorry, I don’t quite catch what you are saying. Could you say it again?

1. Explain to your partner physical exploration of space is conducted.

2. Tell your partner the history of space exploration.

3. Find out from your partner about the role of the Soviet Union in exploring space.

4. Find out from your partner about the role of the USA in exploring space.

5. You are having a telephone conversation with your partner. You want to know about exploration of space but she can’t hear you well.

Упражнение 3.

Describe a famous picture when the American astronauts landed the Moon.

Начните с общего описания того, что вы видите на фото:

The photo shows… I can see…

Затем переходите к деталям:

The man in the middle of the photo is wearing… I think the people are…

Старайтесь использовать выражения, помогающие в описании фото:

In the photo…, In the middle… On the left/right… In the bottom/top left/right-hand corner… In the foreground… in the background…, I can see…

The role of computer nowadays

Упражнение 1.

Ask about the history and ability of computers.

A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions.

Although mechanical examples of computers have existed through much of recorded human history, the first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). These were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into a wristwatch, and can be powered by a watch battery. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". The embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to industrial robots are however the most numerous.

The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile, distinguishing them from calculators. The Church–Turing thesis is a mathematical statement of this versatility: any computer with a certain minimum capability is, in principle, capable of performing the same tasks that any other computer can perform. Therefore computers ranging from a mobile phone to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same computational tasks, given enough time and storage capacity.

Упражнение 2.

Express your surprise using the phrases:

What a surprise! It can’t be true. You must be joking. You must be kidding. I am shocked. I can’t believe it. I am totally confused.

1. Did you know that the first computers were the size of a large room?

2. Playing too much computer can cause mental illness.

3. Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines.

4. Computers ranging from a mobile phone to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same computational tasks, given enough time and storage capacity.

5. Do you realize that computers play a great role in the life pf a teenager?

Упражнение 3.

Try to predict what can happen. Use the phrases: I suppose… She is likely to… They may… I would be surprised if… Perhaps… It’s possible that… I’m absolutely sure…

1. Computers will disappear in future.

2. Computers will have feelings.

3. People will be made to break computers.

4. Computers will understand humans’ thoughts.

5. Children won’t have friends but computers.

Кейс по теме “Travelling”

Canada

Упражнение 1.

Work in pairs. Express your opinion. Agree or disagree. Use the phrases:

I agree entirely. That’s exactly what I think. That’s exactly what I wanted to say. That may be true. Perhaps, but I don’t think that… I’m not sure…

A: Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean.