V. Use the words from the above tasks to speak on kinds of taxes and their role in any country’s economy.
Text 5. Entrepreneurship
Read the text “Entrepreneurship” (English for students of Economics, p.63) and do the following tasks:
I. Match the words with their definitions:
1) flourish 2) charity 3) motto 4) encourage 5) inevitable 6) fail 7) turn down 8) crucial 9) promising 10) survive | a) certain to happen and impossible to avoid; b) showing signs of being successful in the future; c) to grow well and be very healthy; d) to continue to exist in spite of many difficulties and dangers; e) money or gifts given to help people who are poor, sick etc; f) to refuse an offer, request, or invitation; g) to say or do something that helps someone have the courage or confidence to do something; h) a short statement giving a rule on how to behave, which expresses the aims or beliefs of a person, school, or institution; i) to be unsuccessful in something that you want to do; j) extremely important because everything else depends on it. |
II. Use the words to make word combinations:
one-person mistakes
survive jobs
inevitable business
competent the task
take on an opportunity
create crucial years
go into repair shop
set up economist
fail well-being
turn down responsibility
risk firm
III. Make sentences using the key words:
1) happy / opportunity / last year / turn down;
2) one-person firm / set up / be proud of / house painter;
3) repair shop / set up / be afraid / mechanic / competent;
4) trouble / company / first year / fail;
5) be proud of / entrepreneur / solid business;
6) go into business / friends / encourage / well-being / for the sake of;
7) entrepreneurship / USA / flourish / many years.
IV. Use words from the above tasks to speak on entrepreneurship.
Text 6. Unemployment and job hunting
Read the text “Unemployment and job hunting” (English for students of Economics, p.65) and do the following tasks:
I. Find pairs of words with opposite meaning:
1) deliberately a) ignore
2) temporary b) indifferent
3) lay off c) fail
4) curious d) forever
5) deduct e) in the beginning
6) prosper f) employ
7) mention g) by chance
8) eventually h) add
II. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words from task I:
1) She ………. passed her driving test.
2) The tax will be ………. from his weekly pay-cheques.
3) When I mentioned her name everyone was very………. .
4) The car accident caused a ………. traffic jam.
5) Harry was ………. for six months during the recession.
6) My father was no longer ………. in business.
7) He ………. that he was having problems, but he didn't explain.
8) I’m sorry for breaking your favourite cup! I didn’t do it ………. .
III. Make the sentences complete using the information from the text:
1) You are unlikely to see ………. .
2) While working for someone else future entrepreneurs ………. .
3) To prepare oneself for the possibility of losing a job an employee can …………. or ………. .
4) The advantage of federal employment agencies is that ………. .
5) The bad thing about federal and state employment is that ………. .
6) Private agencies are more productive but ………… .
7) The most common job-hunting approach is by means of ………… .
8) Though newspapers feature a lot of ads, it’s not easy to …………. .
9) Very often it’s friends or family who can ………. .
IV. Match the verb (1-6) with its definition (a-f):
1) to deduct
2) to acquire
3) to prosper
4) to crave
5) to gird oneself
6) to secure (a job)
a) to have an extremely strong desire for something;
b) to obtain something by buying it or being given it;
c) to get or achieve something that will be permanent, especially after a lot of effort;
d) to take away an amount or part from a total;
e) to prepare oneself for something difficult;
f) to grow or develop in a successful way by becoming rich or making a large profit.
V. Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the words from the box:
retirement remainder recession temporary sideline fee deliberately
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1) I sometimes take wedding photographs on Saturdays - it's a nice little ………. and it gives me a bit of extra cash.
2) She left the letter there ………. so that you'd see it.
3) In times of severe ………. companies are often forced to make massive job cuts in order to survive.
4) He became a keen golfer after his ………. from politics.
5) The doctor I saw charged an £100 ………. for an initial consultation.
6) I've got a ………. secretarial job, but I'm hoping to find something more permanent.
7) The state will provide $4.6 million, with the local authorities supplying ………. .
VI. Use the above words to speak on the problem of unemployment.
Text 7. Farming and land tenure
Read the text “Farming and land tenure” (English for students of Economics, p. 66) and do the following tasks.
I. Match the words with their synonyms:
1. to retain 2. pros and cons 3. to lose sight 4. into the bargain 5. middleman 6. rival 7. to be in a position 8. to yield dividends | a) intermediary b) to forget c) to produce profit d) to keep e) for and against f) in addition g) competitor h) to be able |
II. In the text find the words that mean the following:
1) to pay money for the use of something that belongs to someone else;
2) property in the form of land or houses;
3) to refuse to be responsible for something any more;
4) to try very hard to do or get something;
5) to make sure that you know all the most recent information;
6) to develop or come from something else;
7) to give someone the right to use something for a particular period of time in return for payment;
8) something new and unusual that attracts people’s attention and interest
III. Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the words from tasks 1-2 in the necessary form:
1. The Bank of England has taken further steps to ………. control over the value of the pound.
2. Their rates tend to be lower because they don't have to pay commission to ………. .
3. If we’re going to succeed, we’ll have to provide something that our ………. don’t.
4. Such issues must be considered thoroughly and carefully; every scheme has its ………. .
5. In a few years, hand-held computers will not be ………. .
6. The Cider Press Company ………. the machinery and buildings for $1000 a month.
7. It's important to ……… of the latest developments in computers.
8. When I know all the facts, I'll ………. to advise you.
9. We must never ………. of the fact that man must work in harmony with nature.
10. The company will ………. to improve on last year's sales.
VI. Use the above words to speak on farming and land tenure in the USA.
Text 8. Stock and commodity exchanges
Read the text “Stock and commodity exchanges” (English for students of Economics, p.68) and do the following tasks:
I. Match the words to make an expression:
issue business corporate total raise futures rate | funds fluctuation exchange shares quarters property value |
II. Continue the sentence using the information from the text:
1) An exchange is a place ………. .
2) The broker makes profit by ………. .
3) An enterprise issues shares in order to ……… .
4) The total value of the stock equals ………. .
5) The firm’s stock is on the rise means that ………. .
6) The company may go bankrupt when ……… .
7) The societal value of stock-exchange operations is that ………. .
III. Solve the crossword:
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