9 класс

9 класс

Task 1

Reading

Complete the description using these relative clauses:

which tells the story

that we're going to next Saturday

where we cook and eat

whose family have all emigrated

which is the focal point of the room

which means

we haven't seen

I like best

who are cross and sleepy

where family and friends come together

My favourite room

Тhe room in our house (l) ________ is our kitchen. Perhaps the kitchen is the most important room in many houses, but it is particularly so in our house because it's not only (2) ________, but it's also the place (3) ________.

I have so many happy memories of times spent there: ordinary daily events such as making breakfast on dark, cold winter mornings for children (4) ________, before sending them off to school; or special occasions such as homecomings or cooking Christmas dinner. Whenever we have a party, people gravitate with their drinks to the kitchen. It always ends up the fullest and noisiest room in the house.

So what does this special room look like? It's quite big, but not huge. It's big enough to have a good-sized rectangular table in the centre, (5) ________. There is a large window above the sink, looking out onto two apple trees in the garden. There's a big, old cooking stove at one end, and at the other end a wall with a huge notice board (6) _________ of our lives, past, present, and future: a school photo of the kids; a postcard from Auntie Nancy, (7) _________ to Australia; the menu from a take-away Chinese restaurant; an invitation to a wedding (8) _________ ; a letter from a friend (9) _________ for years. All our world is there for everyone to read!

The front door is seldom used in our house, only by strangers. All our friends use the back door (10) _________ they come straight into the kitchen and join in whatever is happening there. The kettle goes on immediately and then we all sit round the table, drinking tea and putting the world to rights! Without doubt some of the happiest times of my life have been spent in our kitchen.

Task 1

Language in Use

Articles

Complete the paragraph below by putting a definite article (the), an indefinite article (a/an) or no article (-) in each space.

RIVERS OF THE WORLD

The Mekong River, (1) ________ tenth largest river in (2) _________ world, has it origins in Tibet. (3) ________ first two thousand kilometres of (4) ________ river is in Chinese territory. It then flows 2,400 km through Myanmar, Laos, Thailand and Cambodia before entering (5) ________ South China Sea through (6) _______ huge delta in southern Vietnam sometimes called 'the nine-tailed dragon'. This area is known as (7) _______ Lower Mekong Basin. Hardly anywhere in (8) ________ world do more people depend on (9) ________ single river than in this region. Fifty million people live here and more than 80% of these are directly dependent on (10) ________ river through (11) ________ fisheries and (12) ________ agriculture.

Task 2

Combine a word from box A with a word from box В to make up eleven compound nouns to do with travel. Use the word from box A first.

A	air business credit flight insurance tour package arrivals name travel hand
В	attendant trip tag card luggage hall insurance tour traffic policy guide

Task 3

Complete each sentence with a compound noun from Task 2

Example: We waited for an hour in the arrivals hall for our bags.

1. He couldn't identify his luggage because the _______________ had fallen off.

2. It's essential to take out ______________ before you go on holiday.

3. We managed to book a really cheap _____________ to Thailand through our travel agent.

4. I'm going on a _____________ next week to Hong Kong to meet our agents and set up a new office there.

5. The _____________ was very helpful on the plane when I felt unwell.

6. You can get cash on your _____________, so you don't need to take travellers' cheques overseas.

Writing

Describe your ideal house and its location, giving reasons for your choices.

10 класс

History and politics

Do the quiz.

Part 1.

1. Who won the American Civil War?

a) The Union Army

b) The Confederate Army

2. Who is the heir to the British throne after Prince William?

a) Prince Andrew

b) Prince Harry

3. How many of Henry VIII's wives were executed?

a) two

b) three

4. Who surrendered at the Battle of Waterloo?

a) Napoleon

b) Wellington

5. Denmark, Belgium and Morocco are... .

a) Republics

b) Monarchies

6. What is the head of the Swedish Government called?

a) the President

b) the Prime Minister

Part 2. What do you call ...

7. a person who is legally a member of a country? c____________

8. a country where many different races live? m__________-e_________

9. a plan of action chosen by a government? p___________

10. what soldiers may do when they've lost a battle? r__________a___________

Task 1

Reading

Read the text A World Guide to Good Manners. These lines have been taken out of the text. Where do they go?

a many people prefer not to discuss business while eating

b some businesses close in the early afternoon for a couple of hours

с for greeting, eating, or drinking

d the deeper you should bow

e should wear long-sleeved blouses and skirts below the knee

World Guide to Good Manners

How not to behave badly abroad

by Norman Ramshaw

Travelling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. We live in a global village, but this doesn't mean that we all behave in the same way.

•Greetings

How should you behave when you meet someone for the first time? An American or Canadian shakes your hand firmly while looking you straight in the eyes. In many parts of Asia, there is no physical contact at all. In Japan, you should bow, and the more respect you want to show, (1) _____. In Thailand, the greeting is made by pressing both hands together at the chest, as if you are praying, and bowing your head slightly. In both countries, eye contact is avoided as a sign of respect.

•Clothes

Many countries have rules about what you should and shouldn't wear. In Asian and Muslim countries, you shouldn't reveal the body, especially women, who (2) _____.

In Japan, you should take off your shoes when entering a house or a restaurant. Remember to place them neatly together facing the door you came in. This is also true in China, Korea, Thailand, and Iran.

•Food and drink

In Italy, Spain, and Latin America, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours. For this reason many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner. In Britain, you might have a business lunch and do business as you eat. In Mexico and Japan, (3) _____. Lunch is a time to relax and socialize, and the Japanese rarely drink alcohol at lunchtime. In Britain and the United States, it's not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast, and in China it's common to have business banquets, but you shouldn't discuss business during the meal.

• Doing business

In most countries, an exchange of business cards is essential for all introductions. You should include your company name and your position. If you are going to a country where your language is not widely spoken, you can get the reverse side of your card printed in the local language. In Japan, you must present your card with both hands, with the writing facing the person you are giving it to. In many countries, business hours are from 9.00 or 10.00 to 5.00 or 6.00. However in some countries, such as Greece, Italy, and Spain, (4) _____ then remain open until the evening. Japanese business people consider it their professional duty to go out after work with colleagues to restaurants, bars, or nightclubs. If you are invited, you shouldn't refuse, even if you don't feel like staying out late.

HERE ARE SOME EXTRA TIPS BEFORE YOU TRAVEL:

1.In many Asian cultures, it is acceptable to smack your lips when you eat. It means that the food is good.

2.In France, you shouldn't sit down in a cafe until you've shaken hands with everyone you know.

3.In India and the Middle East, you must never use the left hand (5) _____.

4.In China, your host will keep refilling your dish unless you lay your chopsticks across your bowl.

5.Most South Americans and Mexicans like to stand very close to the person they're talking to. You shouldn't back away.

6.In Russia, you must match your hosts drink for drink or they will think you unfriendly.

7.In Ireland, social events sometimes end with singing and dancing. You may be asked to sing.

8.In America, you should eat your hamburger with both hands and as quickly as possible. You shouldn't try to have a conversation until it is eaten.

Task 2.

Reading

Mallory and Irvine: Did they make it to the top?

On June 8,1924, George Mallory and Andrew Irvine began the final stage of their attempt to be the first to conquer Everest But when they were only 267m from the top, they vanished into the mists, never to be seen again.

For almost a decade after they were last seen, no one had a clue what had happened to them. Had they reached the top and then died on the way down, thus being the first men to climb Everest? Or did they die before getting there?

In 1933, during the next British Everest expedition, a climber found an ice axe high on the Northeast Ridge at 9000m. The axe had a characteristic identification mark, but at the time nobody recognised it. Thirty years later, in 1962 one of Irvine's brothers found an old walking stick belonging to Irvine. It had identical markings, so the ice axe must have been Irvine's. However, his body could not be found.

In April 1999 Jochen Hemmleb, a world expert on the history of Everest expeditions, set out with a team of men to try to find out the truth about what had happened to them.

Hemmleb already knew that a Chinese climber, Wang Hongbao, had found the body of an Englishman in 1975 a short walk from the. Chinese expedition's camp 6. Wang had told this to a Japanese climber in 1979, but was unable to give accurate details as he was killed by an avalanche the next day. Hemmleb, however, decided that the only way to confirm this information was to find the 1975 Chinese camp 6 and search the area in a 20 minute radius around the camp. «Find the camp» said Hemmleb, «and you'll find Irvine».

Finding the Chinese camp 6 was not easy because the Chinese had not given much information about the 1975 climb. Hemmleb had to work out the exact location by comparing photos of different expeditions' camp 6s and was not surprised to find it in an area well away from the path climbers use today.

Read the text and choose the best answer.

1 Mallory and Irvine

a were the first men to climb Everest.

b died before they reached the top of Everest.

с disappeared when they were near the top of Everest.

2 The ice axe was almost definitely Irvine's because

a it was found near his body.

b his brother identified it.

с it had the same mark as on another of his possessions.

3 A Chinese climber found the body of an Englishman

a in 1979.

b near camp 6.

с the day before he was killed by an avalanche.

4 Hemmleb knew where the Chinese camp 6 was because

a the Chinese authorities had told him.

b a Japanese climber had told him.

с he calculated it by himself.

Task 1

Language in Use

Checking for mistakes

Check the verb forms in this story. There are ten mistakes: either the wrong tense has been used, or the wrong verb, or the form is wrong. Underline them and correct them.

A day I'll never forget

A day I'll never forget was the day I started my final exams at university. I thought that the first exam was in the afternoon but my friend waked me up at 9 o'clock and told me to hurry as we was going to be late. The

5 exam began at 9.30.

We run all the way to the exam centre, but, unfortunately, when we were going up the steps, I fell and hurted myself. Then the exam was started. I knew I haven't studied enough but I stayed in my seat for as

10 long as possible, writing down everything I knew on the exam paper.

When I left the exam, half an hour earlier than everyone else, I meet my Professor, who asked me how it had gone. I wasn't wanting to tell him the truth so I said,

15 'Very well.' He said he had learned me everything he knew about his subject and he waited I'd get good marks. Of course I failed.

Task 2

Language in Use

Using prepositions

Complete the composition with prepositions from the list.

for (x2) from (x2) in (x2) of through

Why do people do risk sports?

Although I don't do any risk sports myself, I admire people who do them. But why do they risk their lives?

I think the main reason 1 ___________doing risk sports is that they provide an escape 2 _________ everyday life, especially for a person who is shut 3 ___________ an office all week. One possible way 4 __________ escaping is to go mountain climbing, hang-gliding or bungee jumping. The excitement and physical thrill they get 5 __________ one jump will stay with them 6 ___________ the week until the following weekend when they can do it again.

Some people do risk sports to experience new feelings and emotions; others are searching 7 ____________ the ultimate excitement. But whatever the reason why people take part 8 ___________ risk sports, it is clear they are becoming more and more popular.

Writing

Write a composition «A day I'll never forget ».

11 класс

History and politics

Do the quiz.

Part 1.

1. Who won the American Civil War?

c) The Union Army

d) The Confederate Army

2. Who is the heir to the British throne after Prince William?

a) Prince Andrew

b) Prince Harry

3. How many of Henry VIII's wives were executed?

a) two

b) three

4. Who surrendered at the Battle of Waterloo?

a) Napoleon

b) Wellington

5. Denmark, Belgium and Morocco are... .

a) Republics

b) Monarchies

6. What is the head of the Swedish Government called?

a) the President

b) the Prime Minister

Part 2. What do you call ...

7. a person who is legally a member of a country? c____________

8. a country where many different races live? m__________-e_________

9. a plan of action chosen by a government? p___________

10. what soldiers may do when they've lost a battle? r__________a___________

Reading

Paper recycling

A Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. WhUe 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and world standards this is a good performance since the world-wide average is 33 per cent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilisation of used fibre. As a result, industry's use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.

В Already, waste paper constitutes 70 % of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to be support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.

С There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.

D Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognise various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machinery is used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.

E Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that goes into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a non-renewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.

Complete the summary below of the first two paragraphs of the Reading Passage. Choose ONE OR TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in gaps.

SUMMARY

From the point of view of recycling, paper has two advantages over minerals and oil in that firstly it comes from a resource which is _______ and secondly it is less threatening to our environment when we throw it away because it is ________ Although Australia's record in the re-use of waste paper is good, it is still necessary to use a combination of recycled fibre and __________ to make new paper. The paper industry has contributed positively and people have also been encouraged by __________ to collect their waste on a regular basis. One major difficulty is the removal of ink from used paper but _________ are being made in this area. However, we need to learn to accept paper which is generally of a lower ________ than before and to sort our waste paper by removing ________ before discarding it for collection.

Look at paragraphs C, D, and E and, using the information in the passage, complete the flow chart below. Use ONE OR TWO WORDS for each answer.

Waste paper collected from: 2 The paper is then

Factories _____________

Retail stores

1 ____________________

Paper converters and printers

Households and

` 3 _______________

by adding water

4 Chemicals are
The fibres are then

5 ________________ added in order to

__________________

Language in Use

Task 1

Complete the sentences usine a word related to the word in italics.

Example: I am convinced by this argument. It is a convincing argument.

1 I have doubts about this theory. I am ___________ about this theory.

2 Other scientists respect Ekman s work. Ekman is a __________ scientist.

3 I get exhausted being a nurse. Nursing is an ___________ profession.

4 I am not satisfied with this solution. This is not a ____________ solution.

5 Some people's attitude doesn't help. Some people have an ___________ attitude.

6 The task isn't very pleasant. It's an ___________ task.

7 People say that teachers get many rewards from their work. Teaching is considered to be a ___________ career.

Task 2

Narrative tenses: Telling a story

Complete the text with a verb from the list in the correct tense.

Convince forget have look make realize see

send think win write (x2)

Last September I 1 _______ up my mind to enter the Daily Telegraph's mini saga competition. I 2_______ about entering all through the summer, and my brother finally 3 ________ me that I 4 ________ a good chance of winning, so I 5_______ my story and 6 _______ it to the newspaper.

Two months later, when I 7 ________ through the paper one morning I suddeniy 8 _______ a headline: 'Anonymous story wins'. When I read the article, I 9 _________ that my entry l0 ________ first prize but I 11 ________ to include my name and address in the envelope so nobody knew who 12 _______ the story!

Task 3

Correct the punctuation and use of capital letters where necessary in the following letter to a friend.

There are also ten other errors. Underline them and write the words correctly. The first one has been done for you.

Dear Rhea,

Well another year has passed I just can't beleve that if went So quickly a year ago I was studying for my exams and now Im woking really hard at the bank.

What a shock

And how are you, I hope that you Mothers recovered from her Accident in the park and is feeling better now. I was so sorry to here about that its very easy to slip over when theirs a lot of ice. On the ground. Luckly it isn't snowing here at the moment. However, the whether forecast isn't good. For the next few weeks.

I’m writing to tell you that I hope to visit you in February or March if you have some free time then. Ive saved up some money so I will be able to aford a flight. Because there are some good discounts in the spring. Let me know when I should come and I'll start my plans.

We're all doing fine here. Timmy is starting school soon and Sarah has got a new boyfrend I'm not liking him much.

Take care

your good friend

Mау

Writing

CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN OUR REGION

Your school is planning to organise a festival called “Cultural Diversity in Our Region”. Write a proposal for the school committee. Give your reasons and examples of what can be included in the festival programme.

Write about 270 – 300 words.