Аннотации журнала «Медицина» №1 2010 г. на английском языке
Аннотации журнала «Медицина» №1 2010 г. на английском языке
Annotation
Miasoyedov A. M.
Dynamics of medical professional culture: from traditionalism to «open» problems
The article deals with medical professional culture as a conservative-and-dynamic system; the main factors and mechanisms of its changing are considered from the positions of philosophic-and-culturological approach. The author analyses the essence of the current condition of professional culture of medical personnel that is revealing itself in the particularly sharp statement of «open» problems of medicine and possible ways of their resolving – with the help of a new ethic system called biomedical ethics and of a new social institute in medical culture - ethic committees.
Mikhalevich P. N.
THE MAIN APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF MANAGERIAL DECISIONS IN MODERN PUBLIC HEALTH
The article presents a review of major professional, political and social factors influencing the formation of managerial decisions. Based on the conducted study, the influence of social and psychological qualities of a manager on the methods of taking managerial decisions, assessing and correcting the priorities has been shown. Stages of taking managerial decisions and a number of factors influencing them have been described. Recommendations for improving the quality of managerial decisions have been given.
Key words: management, idea, need, methods, factors and ways of taking managerial decisions, individual approaches and recommendations for taking managerial decisions.
Migal T., Sergeichik N., Zubovskaya E.
Results of quality control of performance of laboratory researches for the year 2009 in clinical laboratory services in the Republic of Belarus
In 2009 the Republican center of clinical laboratory diagnostics organized and carried out 12 cycles of quality assessment of clinical laboratory researches at diagnostic laboratories of the Republic of Belarus.
The common error on all conducted control researches has slightly decreased in comparison with 2008, and has made 1,97 % (2,64 %; in 2,06 %).
Key words: quality control, laboratory researches.
Borisenko T. D., Mihasev M. N., Barsukevich E. S., Tarasiuk I. V.
The experience of organizing the first center of microscopic tuberculosis diagnostics in Gomel region
This article presents our experience of organizing first republican microscopic center of tuberculosis diagnostics. Functioning of such centers allows to increase percentage of patients with tuberculosis revealed with the help of direct acid-fast bacilli microscopy and decrease the number of expensive culture investigations.
The authors define the aim and the mission of the center, describe in detail the organization of work and present the first results. The causes of such successful center’s work and further development prospects are considered in the article.
Key words: microscopic center, laboratory diagnostics, tuberculosis, acid fast bacilli microscopy, quality assessment.
Dimidchik Y. E. Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-graduate Education. 40 years of history
Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-graduate Education – leading in the sphere of postgraduate training of specialists of laboratory medicine with higher medical and medico-biological education – celebrates its 40th anniversary on the 20th of April 2010.
As the outcome of fourty-year period of its versatile activity it is now deservedly recognized as a republican consultative, educational, theoretical and practical and organizational-methodical centre of clinical laboratory diagnostics.
Tarasiuk I. V., Gain Y. M.
FACILITIES OF CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH LABORATORY: FROM DEVISING TO IMPLEMENTING NEW MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES
Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Minsk, Belarus
The article presents the experience of work organization and principal results of the work of Central Scientific Research Laboratory of Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education. The Laboratory is considered as a scientific methodical and experimental clinical center for conducting complex scientific research works on topical medical biological problems. The article also describes the implementation of these results into practical health care.
Prospects of stable development of such medical scientific centers are considered.
Key words: medical science, Central Scientific Research Laboratory, center of collective use, implementation of results of scientific investigations.
Kirpichonok L. N.
The problem of clinical laboratory thinking skills training of physicians of various specialities
Harmonious clinical thinking development of physicians of various specialities is impossible without clinical laboratory diagnosis knowledge. The knowledge is necessary for the process of diagnosis, therapy monitoring and for providing profitable laboratory activity as well.
The instruction of the principles of laboratory medicine must be carried out in succession: both at the undergraduate level (the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th years of medical universities) and at the post-graduate level during the thematic advanced training of doctors of various clinical disciplines. At present there is no unified comprehensive syllabus of clinical laboratory diagnosis instruction. One of the ways to solve this problem is elaboration of the concept of clinical laboratory diagnosis service development. For this purpose it is necessary to organize a working group including representatives of all Belarusian medical universities and chief specialists, the aim of which is to work out the project of interdisciplinary curricula. The introduction of the discipline “Clinical laboratory diagnosis” into the educational standard for doctors of all specialities seems to be necessary.
Key words: instruction, clinical laboratory diagnosis.
Khvostova I. I.
One law – three types of experts
The article considers a legal problem. From the point of view of the Law «On psychiatric help and guarantees of the rights of citizens during its rendering» only the psychiatrist can be engaged in psychiatric practice. In Belarus three kinds of experts render the psychiatric help: psychiatrists, narcologists, psychotherapists. Though in two latter cases it is preferred to speak about the narcological and psychotherapeutic help, but it does not change an essence of a problem. All three kinds of experts use one chapter V (F) «Mental and behavioral disorders» of ICD-10.
Key words: law, psychiatric help, psychiatrist, narcologist, psychotherapist.
Lelevich V. V., Lelevich S. V.
MODERN ASPECTS OF LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS IN NARCOLOGY
The article deals with the latest principles and approaches of laboratory diagnostics in drug addiction disorders. The information is given on modern laboratory indices measured in biological liquids and also on analytical methods of laboratory diagnostics of alcohol and other psychoactive substance abuse.
Borisenko V. E., Zavada N. V., Larchenko U. A., Grusha V. V., Salavei A. L.
Influence of Nanoparticles on Biological Objects
The article describes basic principles of the influence of nanoparticles on living cells and environment according to the literary sources. The results of positive and negative influence of nanoparticles on biological objects are presented. Application of nanomaterials in medicine, influence of carbon nanomaterials on living cells, application of nanomaterials in cosmetology and for atmosphere and waste water cleaning are being analysed.
Key words: nanoparticle, toxicity of nanomaterials, carbon nanotube, nanotechnology.
Stepanuk A. A., Pikirenia I. I., Migal T. F., Cozyro W. I., Siniakowitch N. I.
Hyperbaric oxygenation and hypobaric adaptation, non-medicamentous methods of treatment and preventive maintenance.
The article states the main principles of action and application of hyperbaric oxygenation and hypobaric adaptation with various diseases and for preventive purposes. The article also shows the conditions of service of hyperbaric oxygenation and hypobaric adaptation in Belarus and the prospects of their development.
Novikova I. A., Hamaliaka A. V., Prokopovich A. S.
The ways of immunological testing optimization in clinical practice
Gomel State Medical University, Republican Research Center of Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology
In the paper the authors discuss the problems facing the practicing physicians and researchers during evaluation of immune system parameters for revealing of supposed secondary immune deficiency and propose the ways of their solutions. The importance of continuity in the work of laboratory medicine doctors and clinical specialists for the increase of effectiveness of immunological examination is accentuated.
Key words: evaluation of immune system parameters; secondary immune deficiency.
Chirkin A. A., Tikhomirova-Balayeva O. M., Danchenko E. O., Chirkina A. A., Stepanova N. A.
DIAGNOSTIC EFFICIENCY FACTORS FOR DETECTION OF LIPIDS METABOLISM VIOLATIONS IN INSULINRESISTANCE
Vitebsk State University
The use of 6 new biochemical efficiency factors for the diagnosis of metabolic disorders has been tested. After more than 20 years since the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station specific metabolic disorders were identified in the liquidators, which include the associated changes in the concentrations of leptin, proinsulin and HDL cholesterol. These metabolic changes are key to understanding the causes of more frequent detection of metabolic syndrome X in liquidators compared to the soldiers-internationalists of the same age. Biochemical efficiency factors of assessment of metabolism anf its regulation play an important role in supporting this conformity.
Key words: diagnostic efficiency factors, metabolic syndrome, liquidators, soldiers-internationalists, insulinresistance, blood.
Badygina N. A., Kostiuk S. A.
The validation of control panel experimental models for quality control implementation of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis PCR-diagnostics
The main impediment in the formation of quality control system of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis PCR-diagnostics is the absence of control materials in the Republic of Belarus. On the ground of the conducted validation we show the suitability of application of the developed by our team experimental models of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis DNA control panel for estimation of PCR-test-systems analytic susceptibility and specificity and also for internal and external quality control conduction of PCR-analysis running in laboratories.
Key words: quality control, experimental models, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis DNA control models panel.
Viarhun O. M.
CLINICO-LABORATORY INDICATORS OF ESTIMATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF LIVER IN PATIENTS USING DRUGS
State Educational Establishment “Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education”
The problem of drug addiction has become especially urgent in all countries of the world. The article contains the results of complex laboratory study of patients abusing drugs (opiates) for diagnosing the acute toxic liver injury (acute hepatitis).
Key words: drug addiction, acute poisoning, laboratory methods, diagnostics.
Abrahamyan R. A., Ter-Avetikyan Z. A., Sultanyan T. L., Manvelyan V. L., Manvelyan R. L.
On question of management of obstetric and gynecological patients with varicose disease of lower limbs
Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology
Medical Center “Shengavit”; Department of general and thoracic surgery, Ministry of Health, RA; Institute of Surgery Mikayelyan
The aim of the study: Improving the results of prophylaxis and treatment of varicose disease of lower limbs in obstetric and gynecological patients.
Material and Methodology: We observed 78 obstetric-gynecologic patients with varicose disease (CEAP 2-4) of lower limbs, 22 of which underwent simultaneous obstetric-gynecologic and phlebologic operations (crossectomy or combined traditional and endoscopic transillumination phlebectomy).
Results: The results of single-stage operations of obstetric-gynecologic and phlebologic profile with combined pathology are expounded in the article. Tromboembolism of pulmonar artery was not recorded in any of the cases. We observed 44 pregnant women with varicose disease, where no phlebosurgery was performed. In short antenatal period 2 cases of acute thrombotic process of great saphenous vein occurred.
Conclusion: Clinically completed observation of obstetric-gynecologic patients includes exposure of varicose disease of lower limbs as coexisting disease and in case of presence of the latter the determination of adequacy of conservative and surgical methods of prophylaxis of thrombotic and thromboembolic complications.
Key Words: patients of obstetric-gynecologic contingent, varicose disease of lower extremities.
Kokhnyuk V. T., Tatarinovich V. T.
Anemia in patients with right colon half cancer
N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus
An increase in colorectal cancer incidence is currently observed in many countries including the Republic of Belarus. The outcomes of large intestine cancer treatment are related to timely establishing of the diagnosis. The principal manifestation of right colon half cancer is anemia.
The paper presents the anemia incidence rate for tumours located in the cecum and the ascending colon which was 80.2% in the study group. The patients with anemia at first presentation should be thoroughly examined for early detection or exclusion of right colon half cancer.
Key words: colon, cancer, anemia.
Gres N. A., Tarasiuk I. V., Gres Nonna. A., Bogdevich J. M., Kukhta Т. S.
Human Microelementoses: Impact of Ecological Factors on the Element Status Formation in Residents of Belarus (report VII)
The examination of 297 pupils aged 10–17 years old, health group I-II, living in Gomel (Lelchitsy), Vitebsk (Lepel), Brest (Stolin) and Minsk (Logoisk) regions and 85 adults aged 20-22 years old living in Minsk was performed. The content of Ca, Mg, P, K, Sr, Al in hair specimens, soil and water has been evaluated using nuclear-emission spectrometry (spectrometer Vista PRO, Varian, USA).
The comparative evaluation of these microelements content in hair of the residents of Belarus in comparison with their level in the drinking water and soil at the territories where the examined population lives revealed the one-way character of the indices changes. Thus, more than a half of the examined persons have Phosphorus deficiency, soil being poor in this element as well. Decreased K and Sr levels in hair of the residents of the capital correlate with the decreased concentration of these elements in drinking water in Minsk. Sufficient Ca and Mg content in hair corresponds to their normal quantity in drinking water and that close to optimal in the soil of Belarus.
Key words: bioelements, spectrometry, human, hair, soil, water.
Kostiuk S., Kulaga O., Shimanskaya I., Rudenkova T., Badygina N., Poluyan O., *Rubanic L., **Kvach S.
THE ROLE OF TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS IN UROGENITAL TRACT DISEASES PROGRESS DEPENDING ON AGENT CONCENTRATION AND INFLAMMATORY PROCESS LOCALIZATION
Agent’s quantitative characteristics is the important indicator which influences the choice of treatment tactics and its duration, and also, infectious process forecast. The presence of multicentric inflammatory process in patient’s urogenital tract, several agents’ associated action, acute form of the clinical course of disease, are those factors which cause significant increase of DNA Trichomonas vaginalis concentration in a biological material. Real-time PCR application during diagnostics of latent and associated urogenital tract infections gives an opportunity to estimate infectious process activity based on the values of DNA Trichomonas vaginalis relative concentration in investigated biological material, that serves as additional criterion at estimation of the agent biological properties, clinical finding characteristics and inflammatory process localisation, during the diagnostic complex and the choice of adequate treatment tactics.
Key words: urogenital tract, inflammation, Trichomonas vaginalis, real-time PCR, DNA concentration.
Nikitina E. V.
Changes of immunity indicators depending on dynamics of a functional condition of vegetative nervous system in patients with initially low vegetative reactivity in the preoperative period
The dependence of changes of immunity system’s indicators on the change of indicators of functional activity of vegetative nervous system (VNS) in patients with initially low vegetative reactivity during the preoperative period, and also the influence of age on vegetative reactivity in extreme conditions were studied. 42 patients were examined. It is established, that further decrease in vegetative reactivity in the preoperative period promotes decrease in quantity of general T-lymphocytes and circulating immune complexes, increase in quantity of active T-lymphocytes and subpopulations T-lymphocytes (Т-lymphocytes 29оС). The increase in vegetative reactivity during the preoperative period in patients with initially low indicators of vegetative reactivity promotes decrease in quantity of active T-lymphocytes and Т-lymphocytes 29оС. It is revealed that elderly age is one of the factors promoting decrease of functional activity of sympathetic department of VNS in extreme conditions.
Keywords: preoperative stress, vegetative reactivity, immunity system, age.
Yurchanka S. A.
Functional activities’ indicators of parts of vegetative nervous system under general and spinal anesthesia
We have investigated 36 patients undergoing planned operation under general or spinal anesthesia and divided them in two groups: general (16) and spinal (20) anesthesia. We have studied dynamics of functional activities indicators of autonomic nervous system before and after premedication and during operation in both groups. Increase in parasympathetic regulation link is observed before premedication as a result of the expressed alarm. Premedication with atropine and diazepam promotes decrease in parasympathetic link of regulation. Decrease in sympathetic and increase in parasympathetic regulation links is more expressed under spinal anesthesia than general anesthesia.
Key words: heart rate variability, premedication, spinal anesthesia, general anesthesia.
Rjabceva S. N., Rogov J. I., Smolyakova R. M., Dubrovskiy A. Ch.
Prognostic significance of CD117 expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor in the gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis of GIST is based on histology together with a panel of immunohistochemical markers; the most important is KIT (CD117). We assessed the prognostic value of CD117 expression level. Overexpression of CD117 was significantly correlated with unfavorable prognosis.
Key words: gastrointestinal stromal tumor, CD117, prognosis.
Kovalenko Al. Yu. Kezlya O. P.
The body local and general reaction to the injection of medication “Hydroxyapatite gel” when treating pseudoarthrosis and protractedly bones fractures
All the methods of pseudoarthrosis and slowed bones knitting treatment – surgical as well as conservative, are finally focused on activating the reparative osteoregeneration process. Among such kinds of treatment we can mention an administration of a pharmaceutical substance into an space between fragments. There are some medications in modern traumatology used for this purpose such as Osteoinductal (Germany), Kolapan (Russia) and others. “Hydroxyapatite gel” medication with the analogous prescription, has been produced for several years by Republic Unitary Interprise “Belmedpreparaty”.
“Hydroxyapatite gel” is the helium form of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite with particle dimensions about 10-30 nanometers and high biological activity. After clinical tests held on the basis of orthopedy and traumatology clinic BelMAPA this medication was recommended for use in traumatological practice while treating cortical bones fractures, pseudoarthrosis and protractedly knitting fractures.
This article has an information about the results of clinical x-rays and laboratory data analysis, that allow us to evaluate local and general reactions to application of medication “Hydroxyapatite gel”, and about its dosage recommended in traumatology.
Key words: рseudoarthrosis, osteoregeneration, hydroxyapatite, local and general reactions.
Filipovich E. К.
PECULARITIES OF CEREBRAL HEMODINAMICS AND AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM STATUS IN CHILDREN WITH TENSION - TYPE НЕАDACHE
Children’s Clinical hospital №3, Minsk
The number of children and adolescents suffering from headache has become higher during the last years. The article presents the results of investigation of autonomic nervous system status and cerebral hemodynamic in children with tension - type headache (ТТН). Diagnostic problem of this type of headache in children is disability of patients to give exact description of complaints. Headache was observed every day in 54,3%, mainly of constringent character. The role of vascular factor in headache pathogenesis is confirmed with angiodystonic disturbances in 77,85% of patients. The results of cardiointervalography only in 12,9% of cases were normal in calm and autonomic nervous system reactivity. Changes in autonomic system showing lack of activation its sympathetic part with light prevalence of parasympathetic tonus in calm and higher autonomic nervous system reactivity during work were most frequent (42%). The author discusses approaches to treatment, ways of diagnostic improvement according to revealed disturbances.
Key words: children, headache, cerebral hemodynamic, angiodystonia, autonomic nervous system reactivity.
Kovalenko Al. Yu. Kezlya O. P.
Local and general reaction to the injection of medication “Hydroxyapatite gel” when treating pseudoarthrosis and protractedly bones fractures
All the methods of pseudoarthrosis and slowed bones knitting treatment, both surgical and conservative, are finally focused on activating the reparative osteoregeneration process. Among such kinds of treatment we can mention introduction of a pharmaceutical substance into the space between fragments. There are some medications in modern traumatology used for this purpose such as Osteoinductal (Germany), Kolapan (Russia) and others. “Hydroxyapatite gel” medication with the analogous prescription, has been produced for several years by the Republic Unitary Interprise “Belmedpreparaty”.
“Hydroxyapatite gel” is the helium form of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite with particle dimensions about 10-30 nanometers and high biological activity. After clinical tests held on the basis of Clinic of orthopedics and traumatology of BelMAPO this medication was recommended for use in traumatological practice while treating cortical bones fractures, pseudoarthrosis and protractedly knitting fractures.
This article contains information about the results of clinical x-rays and laboratory data analysis that allows us to evaluate local and general reactions to application of medication “Hydroxyapatite gel”, and about its dosage recommended in traumatology.
Key words: рseudoarthrosis, osteoregeneration, hydroxyapatite, local and general reactions.
Nefyodov L. I., Glazev A. A., Karavay A. V., Karavay N. L., Savitskiy S. E.
DIAGNOSTIC INDICES OF THE METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF APPENDED ALKALOIDS OF CHELIDONIUM MAJUS L. IN BLOOD OF ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS IN VITRO
Laboratory of Biochemistry of Biologically Active Substances University of Grodno; Grodno State Regional Clinic.
Analytic definition of alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L. in biological samples were conducted by reverse phase liquid chromatography with detection on absorption and fluorescence.
The criterion of diagnostics of the oncological disease in the research group of patients in vitro was registered reduction of the concentration of appended alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L. in blood plasma as compared with control.
Estimated diagnostic characteristics of the method of detection of level changes of appended alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L. and their derivatives in blood samples of cancer patients (sensitivity – 91,7%, specificity – 83,3%, efficiency – 88,9%) allow to use its parameters for new test-system development for malignant neoplasms diagnostic in vitro and medical treatment control with the following inclusion in complex of modern methods of cancer diagnostic in oncological patients.
Key words: alkaloids, blood, specific binding, cancer diseases, diagnostic.
