Контрольная работа № 1 вариант 2 | Контент-платформа Pandia.ru

being placed on her shoulders. The fright... (make) her very ill, and she never really recovered."

"I... (believe, not) in ghosts," ... (say) Mr. Otis.

"I... (must, tell) you, Mr. Otis, that the ghost... (see) by several living members of our family, as well as by the local priest."

"My Lord," ... (say) Mr. Otis, "I... (want, buy) this house. I... (come) from a modern country where everything... (have) its value in money. If there... (be) such a thing as a ghost in Europe, an American ... (buy) it."

Lord Canterville... (smile): "There really... (be) a ghost. It... (live) in the house for three centuries, since 1584 in fact. It always... (appear) before the death of any member of our family."

"Well, so does the family doctor, no doubt, Lord Canterville."

A few weeks later Mr. Otis and his family... (move) to Canterville Chase.

Упражнение 8. Вставьте пропущенные предлоги

1. Mozart died... Vienna in 1the age of 35,

2. 'Are you... this photograph?' 'Yes, that's me, ... the left.'

3. We went... the theatre last night. We had seats ... the front row.

4.'Where's the light switch?' 'It's... the wall... the door.'

5. What time did you arrive... the party?

6. I couldn't decide what to eat. There was nothing ... the menu that I liked.

7. We live... a cower block. Our flat is... the fifteenth floor.

8. What did you think of the film?' Some parts were a bit stupid but... the whole I enjoyed it.

9. When you paid the hotel bill, did you pay... cash or... credit card?

НЕ нашли? Не то? Что вы ищете?

10. How did you get here? ... the bus?' No, ... car.'

12. A: I wonder what's... television this evening. Have you got a newspaper? B: Yes, the TV programmes are... the back page.

Упражнение 9. Переведите предложения, выделяя сказуемые в страдательном залоге.

1. The lecturer was asked many questions.

2. The first-year students were told to come to the laboratory.

3. Usually the equipment is shown to the students by a lab assistant. Usually students are shown the equipment by a lab assistant.

4. The process was watched with great attention.

5. A new task will be given tomorrow. We’ll be given a new task tomorrow.

6. Theory is accompanied by practice.

7. He was asked to bring a dictionary.

8. The students were told to sign their drawings.

9. The students will be sent to a big plant in summer.

10. We were taught to use the lab equipment.

Контрольная работа № 1 вариант 2

Steam Turbine and its Types

What is a blade? The blade being repeatedly mentioned in the articles on steam turbines, we shall define that term below.

The words "blade" and "vane" are known to be synonyms. Blades or vanes are curved metallic parts of the turbine whose function is to deflect or change the direction of a steam jet. There are both moving blades on which the work of the steam is done and guide blades which reverse the direction of the steam jet so that more work might be derived from it.

Types of Turbines. The three fundamental types of steam turbines are: 1) impulse, 2) reaction, 3) impulse-and-reaction.

The terms "impulse" and "reaction" have specific meanings in turbine engineering practice, these specific meanings greatly differing from those of the same words as they are used both in physics and in everyday life.

An impulsive force or "impulse" is the force produced on an object when a fluid jet strikes the object. That is how a turbine specialist would define the above-mentioned term.

A well-known characteristic of an impulsive force is that the fluid jet which strikes an object and thereby produces the force leaves the object at the same or at a less velocity than that with which it strikes the object. When the fluid stream strikes an object which is so shaped that it reverses the direction of the stream, a much greater impulsive force is produced than when the direction of the stream is not reversed. This occurs in spite of the fact that the stream may leave the object with the same velocity as that with which it approached the object.

An impulse turbine (see fig.) is such a turbine whose operation almost entirely depends on the impulsive force of a steam jet or jets striking the buckets of the turbine rotor. Hence, an impulse turbine is so designed that the expansion of the steam that passes through it and makes it work occurs almost entirely in its stationary nozzles. Practically no expansion of steam occurs in its moving blades. The steam jet from the stationary nozzles or blades strikes the rotor vanes and thus, causes the rotor to revolve by virtue of the "push" produced.

A reactive force or "reaction" is the force to be produced on an object when a fluid jet leaves the object at a greater velocity than that with which the object is approached. The above is a specific turbine engineering definition.

A reaction turbine (see fig.) is the one to depend principally on the reaction force of the steam jets as they leave the turbine's moving blades at greater velocities than those at which they approached the blades. Hence, a reaction turbine is so designed that about half of the steam passing through it and causing it to do work occurs in the moving blades and about half of it in the stationary guide vanes. The guide vanes and moving blades of a reaction turbine are designed in such a manner that the steam flows into the blades without striking them. That is possible provided the circumferential speed of the moving blades is the same as the velocity of the steam stream to enter them. The moving blades are so designed that the steam leaves them at a higher velocity than that at which it enters. Thus, the rotation of the rotor is produced by reaction.

The difference between an impulse and a reaction turbine is, therefore, that there is no appreciable expansion of steam in the moving blades of the first and considerable steam expansion in the moving blades of the second. Furthermore, it follows that in impulse turbines there is practically no difference between the pressure of the steam entering the moving blades and that of the steam leaving them. In reaction turbines there is a difference between these entering and leaving pressures.

An impulse-and-reасtiоn turbine is the one that has some of its blading designed and arranged as in an impulse turbine and some as in a reaction turbine.

A number of the largest turbines, now in use, are of this type.

Grammar revising

Упражнение 1. Составьте предложения из предложенных слов.

1. Она написала письмо своему брату.

she / letter / her / brother / to / the / wrote

2. Господин Джоунс купил копировальную машину для своего нового офиса на прошлой неделе.

office /machine / his / Mr / Jones / last / coping / bought / week / new / for / a

3. В прошлом году я ездил в Америку.

I / last / year / to America / went

Упражнение 2. Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя предложенные слова.

answer

arm-chair

bookcase

his

kitchen tables

laboratory

mistake

new

on sale

room

shop

some

telephone

the

there

two

was

week

were

will be

your

1. В Вашем ответе есть ошибка.

2. В Магазине было несколько кресел.

3. В его комнате был новый книжный шкаф.

4. В продаже было два кухонных стола.

5. В лаборатории на следующей неделе будет новый телефон.

Упражнение 3. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. It is possible to have a direct telephone talk with Vladivostok with the help of satellite systems.

2. This material has proper ties which make it useful for various space projects.

3. It should be said that computers become increasingly important in our life and work.

Упражнение 4. Вместо пропусков поставьте нужную форму глагола be. Предложения переведите.

1. In 1995 I _____ a student at the University.

2. The books _____ not interesting.

3. His family _____ small.

4. In 2000 we met two people from England. They _____ our good friends.

5. These newspapers _____ Russian.

Упражнение 5. поставьте к предложениям все возможные вопросы.

1. Mr. Black always draws on a drawing board.

2. These young men and women study at an English technical college.

3. The students go to the institute by tram.

4. The teacher hangs tables and diagrams before a lecture.

Упражнение 6. Поставьте сказуемое в отрицательной форме.

1. Today our lectures begin at 10 o’clock in the morning.

2. We were school-children last year.

3. We had four entrance exams in summer.

4. Yesterday the first-year students saw the institute laboratories.

Упражнение 7. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в нужном времени.

THE CANTERVILLE GHOST

When Mr. Hiram B. Otis, the American Minister, ... (decide) to buy Canterville Chase, everyone... (tell) him that it... (be) a foolish thing to do. There... (be) no doubt that a ghost... (live) in the house. Indeed, Lord Canterville himself... (mention) the fact to Mr. Otis when they ... (discuss) the sale.

in the house. Indeed, Lord Canterville himself... (mention) the fact to Mr. Otis when they ... (discuss) the sale.

"We... (live, not) in the place ourselves," ... (say) Lord Canterville, "since the day when my grand-aunt... (frighten) by the ghost. It... (happen) many years ago. My grand-aunt... (dress) for dinner when she suddenly... (feel) two skeleton hands