III. Complete the following sentences (score 21 = 7 x 3.0)
18. The quotation “The modern world is theirs. They have made and make it day by day” belongs to …
a) Walter Scott
b) Jane Austen
c) Ralph Emerson
d) Algernon Swinburne
19. The writers that influenced Charles Dickens’s writing are
a) Daniel Defoe and Jonathan Swift
b) David Copperfield and Nicholas Nickley
c) Jane Austen and Walter Scott
d) Henry Fielding and Tobias Smollett
20. English poet, political thinker, and feminist is …
a) Emily (Jane) Bronte
b) Charlotte Bronte
c) Elizabeth Gaskell
d) Elizabeth Browning
21. The first book about the Brontes, The Life of Charlotte Bronte (1857) was written by their friend the novelist …
a) Elizabeth Bronte
b) Elizabeth Browning
c) Elizabeth Gaskell
d) Jane Austen
22. The author who illustrated his poetry with drawings is …
a) James Greenwood
b) Lewis Carroll
c) Edward Lear
d) Charles Dickens
23. Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese were dedicated to …
a) her husband
b) her beloved
c) the Portuguese
d) her father
24. A poet who wrote delightful verse for children, such as the charming lyrics in Sing-Song: A Nursery Rhyme Book is …
a) Emily Bronte
b) Christina Rossetti
c) Anne Bronte
d) Elizabeth Gaskell
IV. Fill in the correct definition / date / term / place name (score 20 = 5 x 4.0)
25. In Wuthering Heights Emily Bronte combined realistic and ________ traditions.
26. In ________ the author declares war against snobbery, vanity, selfishness, and describes not only society as a whole, but the very laws which govern it, satirizes hypocrisy and greed.
27. In the 19th century the ________ form was ideal to describe contemporary life and entertain the middle class.
28. Much of ________ 's work was religious in nature; the themes of renunciation of earthly love and concern with death.
29. Dickens subsequently maintained his fame with a constant stream of ________.
V. Read the descriptions. Replace one word in each passage which clearly is a mistake. Fill in the correct word/term/place name (score 25 = 5 x 5.0).
30. The novelists of the second half of the 19th century showed in their books a realistic picture of medieval society.
The term ________ is incorrect. It must be ________ .
31. Vanity Fair is a historical novel that centres on the characters, rather than on the plot.
The term ________ is incorrect. It must be ________ .
32. The epic Wuthering Heights is very original in the way it is written, moving backward and forward in time, and in and out of minds of the characters.
The term ________ is incorrect. It must be ________ .
33. Lewis Carroll loved riddles, puns and jokes that depend on the uses and misuses of grammar.
The term ________ is incorrect. It must be ________ .
34. The novel begins with the main hero himself, Mr. Lockwood, explaining how he decided to rent a house known as Thrushcross Grange, situated in a sheltered valley, from a man named Mr. Heathcliff.
The term ________ is incorrect. It must be ________ .
КСР 4
Содержание
Закат империи: английская литература второй половины века (1876 – 1916)
1. Критики социальной действительности в произведениях писателей конца 19 века - начала 20 века.
2. Социальная критика в романах Джона Голсуорси.
1.
Информационно-методическая часть
One of the most popular English novelists and dramatists of the early 20th century was John Galsworthy (1867-1933). It was in the early 1890s that he abandoned law (he had been admitted to the bar in 1890) and took up writing. Galsworthy wrote his early works under the pen name John Sinjohn.
His fiction is concerned principally with the realistic portrayal of English upper middle-class life; his dramas frequently find their themes in this stratum of society, but also often deal, sympathetically, with the economically and socially oppressed and with questions of social justice. Most of his novels deal with the history, from Victorian times through the first quarter of the 20th century, of an upper middle-class English family, the Forsytes. The principal member of the family is Soames Forsyte, who exemplifies the drive of his class for the accumulation of material wealth, a drive that often conflicts with human values.
Most famous for his science-fantasy novels with their prophetic depictions of the triumphs of technology as well as the horrors of 20th-century warfare is Herbert George Wells (1866-1946). In 50 years he produced more than 80 books. As a young man, he worked as a draper's apprentice, bookkeeper, tutor, and journalist. His literary career began with the novel The Time Machine (1895). It mingled science, adventure, and political comment. Later works in this genre are The Invisible Man and The War of the Worlds.
Wells also wrote novels devoted to character delineation which depict members of the lower middle class and their aspirations. Many of Wells' other books can be categorized as thesis novels. Among these are Ann Veronica, promoting women's rights, and Tono-Bungay, attacking irresponsible capitalists. Throughout his long life Wells was deeply concerned with and wrote voluminously about the survival of contemporary society. For a time he was a member of the Fabian Society. He envisioned a utopia in which the vast and frightening material forces available to modern men and women would be rationally controlled for progress and for the equal good of all. His later works were increasingly pessimistic. He castigated most world leaders and expressed the author's doubts about the ability of humankind to survive.
Another English author, whose works began to appear in late Victorian times, was William Somerset Maugham (1874-1965). His first novel came out in 1897 based on his experience of living in South London as a young man. His partially autobiographical novel Of Human Bondage is generally acknowledged as his masterpiece and is one of the best realistic English novels of the early 20th century. The Moon and Sixpence is a story of the conflict between the artist and conventional society, based on the life of the French painter Paul Gauguin. He was also a brilliant short story writer.
12.5 The variety of late Victorian literature was incredibly rich. There was room for everyone, especially for those who wanted to entertain in the first place. It was good, solid fiction, it was indeed.
In the early 1880s, Henry Rider Haggard (1856-1925) returned to England from South Africa. He devoted most of his time to agriculture, on his estate, and to writing novels. And popular writing it was! His King Solomon's Mines (1885) was an immediate success; its story, suggested by the ruins at Zimbabwe, dealt with the adventures of an English explorer among remote tribes. The characters who appeared in the book were featured in several others, including She and Allan Quatermain. Haggard wrote more than 40 novels.
The year 1887 saw the publication of the short story A Study in Scarlet, the first of 60 stories featuring the character of Sherlock Holmes. The creator of the unforgettable master sleuth was Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930). By the way, the characterization of Holmes, his ability of ingenious deductive reasoning, was based on one of the author's own university professors. Equally brilliant creations are those of Holmes's foils: his friend Dr. Watson, the good-natured narrator of the stories, and the master criminal Professor Moriarty. Conan Doyle was so immediately successful in his literary career that approximately five years later he abandoned his medical practice to devote his entire time to writing. The Holmes stories made Conan Doyle internationally famous and served to popularize the detective-story genre. Conan Doyle's literary versatility brought him almost equal fame for his historical romances such as Rodney Stone.
At that time Jerome Klapka Jerome (1859-1927) turned his attention to writing and editing after clerking, teaching, and acting without much success. It well may be that Three Men in a Boat (1889) represents his greatest success as a novelist. Reminiscent of Mark Twain's travel writings, this work combines wit and anecdote with common sense and compelling description.
Another important entertainer of the period is Irish-born Bram Stoker (1847-1912). His classic novel of horror, Dracula (1897), introduced the character of the vampire Count Dracula of Transylvania. Dracula has inspired numerous films, sequels, and retellings.
Literature for young readers really flourished during the period. Born in Manchester, Frances Burnett (1849-1924) immigrated to the United States at the close of the American Civil War. She is the author of the well-known children's books Little Lord Fauntleroy (1886) and The Secret Garden (1911). The books are still popular today.
Edith Nesbit (1858-1924) is best known for children's books such as The Story of the Treasure Seekers and The Railway Children (1906), both of which are stories about sets of brothers and sisters and their adventures. It is interesting to know that Nesbit and George Bernard Shaw were founding members of the socialist, educational Fabian Society. Although she mainly thought of herself as a poet, her poetry and novels have been largely forgotten, as her strength was writing for children. Many of Nesbit's books for children, which are classics, describe a fantastic dimension, where the protagonists, for example, travel through time, or conduct various experiments with magic talismans, as in Five Children and It (1902). The most memorable feature of Nesbit's writing for children, however, is the humor she achieves as a result of adopting a child's perspective toward adult behavior and the adult world.
The British author Kenneth Grahame (1859-1932) was a bank manager in his early life. He retired after the publication of his most successful work, The Wind in the Willows (1908), a fantasy about Mole, Rat, and other animals in the English countryside that appeals to both adults and children.
In the mid-1880s, James Matthew Barrie (1860-1937), Scottish dramatist and novelist, settled in London. The year 1891 saw the publication of The Little Minister, a romantic novel of love and adventure. The first performance of Barrie's now world-famous fairy-tale play, Peter Pan, took place in 1904. In this fantasy, Barrie dealt with his two favorite themes, the retention of childish innocence and what he conceived to be the feminine instinct for
Контрольные задания
THE MAN OF PROPERTY by John Galsworthy
1. Soames Forsyte is the representative of …
a) the second generation of the Forsytes.
b) the first generation of the Forsytes.
c) the third generation of the Forsytes.
d) the lost generation.
2. Old Jolyon and his brothers are …
a) poor merchants.
b) well-known politicians.
c) rich farmers.
d) rich businessmen.
3. The most typical Man of Property is…
a) Soames Forsyte
b) Young Jolyon
c) Philip Bossiney
d) old Jolyon
4. The head of the Forsyte family is …
a) old Jolyon’s sister.
b) old Jolyon
c) young Jolyon
d) Soames Forsyte
5. At the beginning of the novel all the Forsytes gather …
a) to celebrate the engagement of Soames Forsyte to Irene
b) to celebrate June Forsyte’s bithday
c) to celebrate the engagement of June Forsyte to Philip Bossiney
d) to celebrate old Jolyon’s birthday
6. The outsiders to the Forsyte family are…
a) Irene and Bossiney
b) Irene and June
c) Soames and Bossiney
d) Swithin and Jolyon
7. Soames’ theist for property extends to…
a) works of art
b) human feelings
c) family relations
d) all of these
8. The Forsytes consider property to be …
an object of criticism.
an object of worship and respect.
something useless.
something of no importance.
9. Soames married Irene, …
a woman who loved him.
a woman who never loved him.
a woman who loved his money.
a woman who loved his relatives.
10. Soames decides to build a house in the country because …
he wants his wife out of London.
he wants to spend more time in the country.
he wants to invest his money.
he loves architecture.
11. The setting of the novel is …
the late Victorian times..
the height of the Victorian Age.
the first half of the 19th century.
the early 20th century.
12. The climax of the novel comes when…
Soames decides to build a new house.
Bossiney is asked to design the house.
Irene falls in love with Soames
None of these.
13. The main characteristic of the Forsytes is …
a) egoism
b) snobbery
c) money-worship
d) all of these
14. According to the novel the pursuit of property and money is opposed to…
a) friendship
b) art as the embodiment of beauty and goodness
c) literature and music
d) revolution
15. The novel represents …
a) an objective portrayal of Victorian life
b) a real document of the epoch
c) the culmination of English critical realism
d) all of these
THE MOON AND SIXPENCE by W. S. Maugham
1. This book is partly based on …
a) the author’s lifestory
b) the life of a well-known merchant.
c) the life of Gaugen
d) the life of Da Vinci
2. The novel falls into …
a) two parts
b) three parts
c) four parts
d) five parts
3. What is Strickland's job in England?
a) pastor
b) ship's captain
c) stockbroker
d) architect
4. In Paris Strickland devotes himself to …
a) architecture
b) painting
c) music
d) poetry
5. Where does Strickland head for after his time in Paris?
a) Australia
b) Tahiti
c) Marseilles
d) Greenland
6. How does Strickland perceive women?
a) He places them on a pedestal.
b) He never notices them.
c) He treats them as equals.
d) He treats them as a necessary evil
7. How does the narrator become involved in Strickland's life?
a) They double date
b) He buys a painting from Strickland
c) Strickland's wife sends the narrator to find him in Paris
d) Strickland robs the narrator
8. Why does Ata burn the house after Strickland’s death?
a) She wants to forget about him.
b) She does it according to Strickland’s will.
c) She is ordered to do so by local authorities.
d) She is asked to do it by Strickland’s first wife.
9. Who is the only person who understands Strickland’s creative genius?
a) Strickland’s first wife
b) Ata, a Polynesian woman
c) Blanche Strove
d) the painter Dirk Strove
10. What does Strickland care about?
a) Wealth
b) Family
c) Privacy
d) Self-expression
11. What does Strickland die of?
a) poisoning
b) leprosy
c) syphilis
d) drowning
12. Where is Strickland happy, fulfilled, and(in his own way) successful?
a) London
b) Tahiti
c) Paris
d) Marseilles
13. What is the meaning of the title?
a) It symbolizes the relationship between men and women.
b) It symbolizes the importance of family relationship.
c) It is a symbol of the opposition– the material world and the world of art.
d) It serves as a symbol of two opposing worlds – totalitarian and democratic.
14. What are the major themes of the novel?
a) Moral and social maturation
b) The pursuit of materialism
c) Individualism vs socialism
d) The place of the artist in a society.
15. Which idea is best illustrated by the novel?
a) Most often a genius has to die before he is acknowledged
b) “A moment may ruin a life”
c) “Cut off from his religious roots, man is lost”
d) Happiness is impossible in this restless world
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