Irbesartan and angioline combination influence on fatty acid composition of lipids in kidneys under the conditions of experimentally induced arterial hypertension in rats

UDC 616.12-008.331.1:616-092.4]-085:615.225.2:615.036.6

A. A. Nagornа*, I. S. Chekman*, N. A. Gorchakova*, I. F. Belenichev**,
T. S. Bruzgina*

* O. O. Bohomolets National Medical University

**Zaporozhye State Medical University

IRBESARTAN AND ANGIOLINE COMBINATION INFLUENCE ON FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF LIPIDS IN KIDNEYS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN RATS

RESUME. The influence of irbesartan in combination with angioline on fatty acid composition of kidneys lipids in hypertensive rats was determined after 2 months of administration. It has been established that normalization of lipid parameters is observed after the treatment.

Key words: fatty acids, irbesartan, angioline, spontaneous arterial hypertension.

According to the modern concepts, the treatment of arterial hypertension (AH) should be directed not only to blood pressure lowering, but also to the inhibition of the damage of target organs including the kidney [9,12], prevention of complications and reduction of mortality. This problem can be resolved only with the help of the preparations that possess high antihypertensive efficacy and cause minimal side effects [4, 11]. Antagonist of angiotensin II receptors of the first type, which belongs to the first-line antihypertensive agents, is the representative of such antihypertensive drugs [6]. We have established that irbesartan restores metabolism, especially the activity of lipid peroxidation associated with free radicals [7]. It is known that metabolotropic drugs improve the restoring effect of antihypertensive agents on the metabolism and morphologic structure of myocardium and other vital organs in experimentally induced arterial hypertension [8]. Metabolotropic drug angioline has a positive cardioprotective, neuroprotective, endothelioprotective action [1]. Among the biochemical parameters that highlight the impact of antihypertensive drugs on the body metabolism, fatty acid composition of lipids in blood plasma and vital organs represent the important value that changes in arterial hypertension and under the influence of antihypertensive agents [3,5,10].

So the study of the effectiveness of irbesartan in combination with angioline concerning parameters of metabolism in vital organs shows considerable promise.

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of irbesartan and angioline on fatty acid composition of lipids in the kidney under the conditions of spontaneous arterial hypertension (SAH) in rats.

Materials and methods.

The study was conducted on 24 rats of HSIAH line with the spontaneous genetically predefined arterial hypertension (systolic pressure equaled 170–180 mm Hg) and control normotensive WKY rats (body weight 180–210 g).

The experiment was performed on 4 groups of animals:

Group 1 – intact animals.

Group 2 – hypertensive animals (SAH).

Group 3 – treatment with irbesartan (50 mg/kg).

Group 4 – treatment with irbesartan in combination with angioline (50 +30 mg/kg) for 2 months per os.

The drugs were administered intragastrically. The animals were decapitated under urethane chloride-induced anesthesia. Sample preparation and chromatographic analysis of fatty acid composition of lipids in the kidneys were performed by the methods according to [2].

Results and discussion. The results of the study are summarized in the table.

Changes in fatty acid composition of lipids in kidney (%).

Fatty acids (FA)	Control animals	SAH	SAH+ Irbesartan	SAH+ Irbesartan + Angioline
Palmitic acid С16:0	24.6±1.5	20.4±1.0*	22.1±1.5**	24.6±1.2**
Stearic acid С18:0	10.3±1.0	8.2±0.8*	11.0±1.0**	11.2±1.1**
Arachidonic acid С20:0	40.0±1.5	47.0±1.5*	37.1±1.0**	36.2±1.06**
Σ of polyunsaturated fatty acids	53.1±1.6	59.3±1.3*	51.7±1.5**	50.02±1.3**

* Р <0.05 when compared to control value;

** Р <0.05 when compared to the value of hypertensive animals.

The data given in the table show that significantly reduced content of palmitic (C16:0), and stearic (C18:0) FA together with the increased level of arachidonic (C20:0) FA takes place in hypertensive rats resulting in the augmentation of polyunsaturated FA content. It is known that rigidity of the bilayer membranes causes easy and fast migration of individual lipid molecules due to the presence of saturated and, in particular, polyunsaturated fatty acids [10]. Changes in fatty acid composition of lipids in the kidney of hypertensive rats may be one of the causes of AH [3].

The obtained results show that after 2 months of treatment with irbesartan normalization of lipid fatty acid spectrum of kidney tissue was observed in experimental rats. The normalizing effect of irbesartan in combination with angioline was more pronounced that is associated with antioxidative and antiradical action of angioline [1].

The stability of the fatty acid content in kidney tissue under the influence of irbesartan and especially its mixtures with angioline explains the mechanism of action of the combination, namely the implementation of membranestabilizing effect and prevention of arterial hypertension progress and renal complications development.

Conclusion. The results of the study indicate that irbesartan in combination with angioline introduced intragastrically to the rats with SAH for 2 months normalizes the fatty acid composition of lipids in kidneys.

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