Methodological aspects of research of managerial and corruption risks of introduction and functioning of programs for the development of recreation and wellness complex

Yu.О. Solodovnik

METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF RESEARCH OF MANAGERIAL AND CORRUPTION RISKS OF INTRODUCTION AND FUNCTIONING OF PROGRAMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RECREATION AND WELLNESS COMPLEX

Summary. The feasibility of improving organizational mechanism study of corruption and risk management operation of the resort and recreation complex is substantiated in the article, given the specifics of the operation of socio-economic development programs of recreation and fitness complex in the modern world. The classification and management of corruption risks in the effectiveness of tourism will enable more comprehensive and detailed approach to the analysis and planning of performance recreational areas.

Key words. government regulation оf recreational sphere, recreation, tourism, the tourism industry.

Problem statement. In planning and implementing socio-economic development programs of recreation and fitness complex of Ukraine each subject faces with uncertain factors internal and external environment that influence on future policy decisions. Balanced development of recreation and health facilities as specific sectors of the economy, is directly dependent from the availability of recreational and health resources in a certain area.

The specifics of functioning of recreation and fitness complex is due to the occurrence of a particular set of specific risks that are typical in economic activities in this area, as well as uncertainties that may cause these risks.

In modern conditions of managing increasingly important for businesses acquire measures for forecasting macro and micro in any area of the economy. Changes very rapidly changing market conditions and operation environment trying to predict using results of statistical and market research in recent years, which reduces the probability of failure, but does not guarantee completely eliminate risk and achieve the desired result. This approach is simplistic because it does not detect all possible causes of changes in the behavior of potential consumers of entertainment and recreational services, which offers health institutions of Ukraine.

Analysis of the latest researches and publications. Сertain aspects of the regulation of risks of functioning of recreational and fitness complex were studied at works of domestic and foreign scientists such as Yu. V. Alekseeva, V. K. Babaritskaya, I. V. Valentyuk, A. P. Durovich, V. F. Kifyak, V. I. Tsybuch, V. A. Shul`ga, J. C. Holloway and others. Particular attention should be drawn to study the concept and essence of assessment and management of risks of corruption in recreation and wellness sector of our country.

The purpose of the article is to determine the concept of corruption and governance risks of functioning of resort and recreation complex considering the specific nature of its activities and features of management in the modern world. With this aim in mind is necessary that theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “risk” should be systematized and determined the concept of the risks of functioning.

Main results of the research. Modern science gives the various determinations and classifications of the risks. And in any case their sense is preserved, but the sphere of risks is changed. As a function of change the internal and external environment the risks are capable of increasing or decreasing their impact on the process of reproduction and subjects. All of these features may be typical for risks at the micro, macro and national level. However, if the accumulation of risks to critical proportions at the corporation affects the interests of its owners, partners and staff at public institutions - the interests of a number of businesses and management, at the national level - the national interests of the state, that threatens bankruptcy, reduced international authority and in extreme cases - loss of independence.  

Analysis, evaluation and risk management is a necessary component of making tactical and strategic decisions on the operation of enterprises within the recreational and health complexes, because it is cannot be avoided completely or insure against all possible and impossible their manifestations is incredible. Risk can manifest itself both in receiving unexpected profits in excess of, and in losses related the implementation of any action or events. Awareness of occurrence risk situation leads to constant creativity and stimulates the subjects of state regulation to make their own decisions on critical issues, the effects of which can be both negative and positive.

Emergence of risk associated not only with the objective nature of the processes and phenomena taking place in the external environment and internal functioning, but also of the subjective nature of the person who takes management decisions, including decision makers often occurs in uncertainty correctness of decisions due to ignorance, lack of awareness, little experience in this field, the individual characteristics of psychological perception of certain unforeseen risk situations and force majeure negative effects. Thus, among the causes of risk considering also the head of subjectivity in decision-making, due to the multi-level perceptions of a person or impending crisis, its emotional and psychological characteristics, experience and qualifications [3, p. 114-120].

The negative trends of the tourist and recreational nature are the main risk factors. There are such of them as:

-  lack of effective economic mechanism that is zeroing in on effective development of resort and recreational potential;

-  unclear distribution of regional and local powers in the territory of the resort and recreational status that requires justification directions of their improvement;

-  insufficient support of strategic profitable and environmentally and economically attractive investment projects involving the comprehensive development of the most promising of recreational areas in the regional dimension;

-  weak economic monitoring of effects both potential and existing activities.

Analysis of risk situations that have occurred and is currently developing and adverse effects enables device management to define the relationship between the most typical risk factors and their impact on financial and economic activity. The emergence of a specific risk may cause the appearance of related risk situations and or additional negative effects. In such cases the representatives of State regulation of development of recreational and fitness complex can anticipate the onset of risks which are priority for this sector of the economy and to take preventive measures.

There are several theoretical approaches representatives of which interprets the concept of risk as:

a) uncertainty as to the occurrence of a specific event or its consequences;

b) negative event, which can occur under certain conditions;

c) characteristic of the economic situation with the likelihood of unforeseen circumstances;

d) the style of business conduct the subject of risk in result of analysis of risk situation and the likelihood of adverse consequences for the enterprise;

e) an action or activity in an uncertain situation, for example, in order to maximize the profit or minimize the costs associated with its individual characteristics as propensity or aversion to it.

The main group of risks is due to the possibility of ineffective programme management – risks management.

The risks are primarily concerned with low efficiency of interaction of stakeholders that may disrupt the timing of the planned program of recreation and fitness complex or even failure of its goals and objectives, failure to achieve targets of the indicators.

The weakening of state control (within the administrative reform) on the activities of local authorities at the regional and sub-regional levels, in terms of the weakness of civil society outside big cities, can cause the growth of violations of the law in the process of local government.

This trend can be seen on the example of the rules of the statutes of the individual territorial communities, which limit the right of a local initiative [1, p. 13].

The influence of local regulation has a dual focus in the sphere of tourist services in the region. On the one hand, the local authorities should ensure a high level of relaxation for the citizens and for improving the demographic situation and labour territory update. On the other hand, creating competitive conditions for rest will attract additional funds to the state and local budgets through the national tax system. So that the consumers massa of recreation services, both domestic and foreign, will increase. It is need to create the appropriate conditions to control the situation and to create a competitive and affordable tourist complex.

The main components of the control system of state and local government of recreational and fitness complexs are accounting and financial activities control, management and planning for the development of sanatorium-and-Spa facilities, attracting local and foreign investment and tourists. To date however, there are such negative trends in this field as:

- a misallocation of recreational resources and environmental pollution;

- an unsystematic development of recreational complexes;

- a discrepancy of recreational enterprises worldwide standards;

- the lack of central planning of the amount of services considering the needs;

- the lack of socio-economic incentives for increasing the scope and quality of service.

There are such basic conditions for minimizing the managerial risks as [3]:

—  the formation of an effective system of managing the implementation of socio-economic development program of recreational and fitness complex;

—  monitoring the impact of social and economic development program of recreational and fitness complex;

— regular publication of reports on the implementation of socio-economic development program of recreational and fitness complex;

—  monitoring the implementation of agreements on cooperation with stakeholders in a public-private partnership.

Along with risks of management it is necessary to study risks of corruption that are associated with problems of interaction of the public and private sectors in the framework of public-private partnership. There are such of them as [2, с. 6]:

—the overall complexity of the procedure of providing administrative services;

—unnecessarily long deadlines for submission of individual administrative services;

— lack of information on the procedure for the provision of administrative services;

—  limited access to administrative bodies that provide services (limited time, queue, etc.).

For prevention of such risks will contribute the following measures:

—development of the electronic flow of documents, in particular the use of email for ordering administrative services;

—simplification of procedures for the provision of administrative services;

—  changes of the deadlines for provision of administrative services (to this end, it is necessary to conduct a review of existing legislation);

— waiver of territorial monopoly in the provision of administrative services and providing for private persons alternative ways of choices administrative bodies for administrative services.

Besides, there is another category of risks which are associated with control system of development of recreation and health complex – the personnel risks.

Personnel risks are related to the significant shortage of highly qualified personnel in the areas of recreation and tourism and this reduces the operating efficiency of the complex as a whole.

Declining influence of this group of risks provides by the help (at national and regional levels) in ensuring the flow of highly skilled personnel and conduct training of existing staff.

Conclusions and prospects for further development of the problem. At the present stage of development of economic relations the risk is a characteristic feature of the functioning of the enterprises of different fields of activity. There are several approaches of the concept of “risk”, but in most cases it meaning the possibility of occurrence of certain events with negative impacts as a result of actions.

Taking into account the differentiation of recreational resources and the level of recreational potential of Ukraine the initiative on the management of the development of territorial recreational complexes must come from local authorities. There are such external factors which effect on the formation the policy of the each regional complex as:

-  the seasonality;

-  the composition and structure of recreational resources;

-  the development of infrastructure;

-  the climate;

-  the logistics routes;

-  the demographics;

-  the marketing component;

-  and others.

References:

1.  Науково-методичні підходи та алгоритм розробки регіональних програм розвитку рекреаційної сфери / О. Гулич // Соціально-економічні дослідження в перехідний період. Ринкова трансформація України: проблеми та перспективи: збірник наукових праць / НАН України. Інститут регіональних досліджень. — Л., 2004. — Вип. 1 (XLV). — 623 с.

2.  Корупційні ризики надання адміністративних послуг та контрольно-наглядової діяльності в Україні / [Ігор Коліушко, Віктор Тимощук, Олександр Банчук та їн. Ірина Бекешкіна] ; Центр політико-правових реформ, Фонд «Демократичні ініціативи». — К. : ФОП, 2009. — 196 с.

3.  Молнар ії та структура туристично-рекреаційного комплексу регіону [Електронний ресурс] / , , // Науковий вісник Ужгородського університету Збірник наукових праць. ¾ 2008. ¾ № 26. — Режим доступу : http://www. nbuv. /portal/natural/ Nvuu/Ekon/2008_26/statti/2_1.htm