Сборник заданий для самостоятельной работы обучающихся по дисциплине Иностранный язык (английский) (стр. 4 )

But a method of extracting pure penicillin was found only after many investigations. Two other scientists, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain, tested penicillin to find out if it was safe to use. They also made penicillin that they could inject. In 1942 Fleming carried out his own first experiment. His friend was nearly dying from an infectious disease. After several injections of penicillin the man recovered completely.

A. Fleming received the Nobel Prize for his great discovery. But he said: “Everywhere I go people thank me for saving their lives. I do not know why they do it. I didn't do anything. Nature makes penicillin. I only found it.”

Vocabulary Exercises

I Find the following words and phrases in the text.

Пенициллин, антибиотик, вызванный бактериями, инфицировать рану, происходить, колония опасных бактерий, плесень, исчезать, важность, изучать явление (феномен), токсичный, ткань, чистый пенициллин, патогенный, исследование, ученый, делать инъекцию, проводить эксперимент, полностью выздороветь, получить Нобелевскую премию, спасти жизнь.

II Translate into English.

Пенициллин спас жизни многих людей во время войны. Эта болезнь вызвана опасными бактериями. Этот ученый получил Нобелевскую премию за свое важное открытие. Исследование показало, что это лекарство не токсично. Чтобы спасти пациента, врач сделал ему инъекцию пенициллина.

III Fill in the blanks with pronouns.

One day Fleming's assistant brought …. a plate on which a colony of dangerous bacteria were grown. In 1942 Fleming carried out …. own first experiment. A. Fleming received the Nobel Prize for …. great discovery. “Everywhere I go people thank …. for saving …. lives. I don't know why …. do it.” “This plate can not be used for the experiment. Some mould has formed on it.”

Grammar Exercises

Sequence of tenses. Согласование времен.
	Одновременное действие	Предшествующее действие
Direct speech Прямая речь	“This plate can not be used for the experiment” said the assistant.	The assistant said: “Some mould has formed on the plate”.
	He said: “Everywhere I go people thank me.”	Fleming said: “I didn't do anything. I only found penicillin.”
Indirect speech Косвенная речь	The assistant said, that the plate could not be used for the experiment.	The assistant said, that some mould had formed on the plate.
	He said, that everywhere he went people thanked him.”	Fleming said, that he had not done anything, he only had found penicillin.”

Direct speech	Indirect speech
She said:	“I am tired”. (Present Simple)	She said, that...	she was tired. (Past Simple)
“I am learning English” (Present Continuous)	she was learning English. (Past Continuous)
“I was in France” (Past Simple)	“she had been in France” (Past Perfect)
“I have just come back” (Present Perfect)	“she had just come back” (Past Perfect)
“I will be at home soon.” (Future Simple)	“she would be at home soon.” (Future in the Past)

Write what Mary, Steve, Linda and Ann say using sentences in reported speech.

1.  Mary: “I'm very busy and I can't go to the party.”

2.  Steve: “I have lost my watch and don't know the time.”

3.  Ann: “I don't feel well .”

4.  Linda: “I'm not hungry, I will not have supper with you.”

Choose the correct form of the verb.

1.  I knew, that they (waited/were waiting/are waiting) for me at the University and decided to hurry.

2.  She asked me, who (has written/wrote/had written) that book.

3.  I asked the doctor, what (is/has been/was) wrong with me.

4.  I didn't know, why she (looked/was looking/looks) so tired.

5.  He said, that his friend (was/is/has been) an excellant surgeon.

6.  I thought, the weather (would be/will be/was) sunny and didn't take an umbrella.

7.  I didn't know, where he (had lived/lives/lived).

8.  He said, he (will go/goes/would go) to London next week.

9.  I was surprised to know, that she (has/had/have) never been to that city.

10. I didn't know, that she (doesn't/don't/did not/) like milk.

Summerising test to part 1

I Write true or false

Early people were healthy. ___ Early people used meat to heal broken bones. ___ Amulets are things that people think are lucky. ___ Ancient Romans thought that drinking dirty water was safe for peoples health ___ The first book about medicines made from plants was written in France. ___ Edward Jenner discovered vaccine from plague. ___ Louis Pasteur developed the process of pasteurisation. ___ Penicillin was used in hospitals to reduce infections in wounds during the Second World War.___ Dentists were the first surgeons.___ Ayurvedic medicine started in Europe about 3 000 years ago.___

II Complete the sentences with t

vaccine lotions plants medicines surgery skin fever

Some plants cure illness and _____ Most early medicines were made from parts of ______ People made plant parts into ______ to put on their body. Many people use ______ made from plants today. People use lotions made from aloe vera plants to make sore _____ feel better. Anesthetics stop the patient feeling pain during the _____ The _____ is a weak type of a virus or bacteria.

III Answer the questions.

What did ancient doctors use to make medicines? Where did the first hospitals appear? Who discovered x-rays? What are anesthetics? Who is the most famous of all the Greek doctors?

IV Choose the correct words

Ayurvedic medicine started in India/Korea about 3000 years ago. Ayurvedic doctors ask a patient about their pets/life. Early people used mud to heal broken bones/headache. Early people used lotions made from aloe vera plants to make sore skin/sore tooth feel better.

V Match. Then write the sentences.

Acupuncture is a	how acupuncture works.
People have used acupuncture	thin needles into a patients body.
Acupuncture doctors put	the body for up to 30 minutes.
Barbers treated	type of medicine.
Acupuncture needles stay in	for thousands of years.
Barbers cut off arms or legs	that were badly wounded.
No one really knows	wounds from fights.

VI Put in order.

many people/ believed/in Ancient Greece/made them ill/that angry gods a Greek doctor/and a teacher/Hippocrates/was to watch patients/their illnesses/Hippocrates/and to think about/told doctors doing sport/helped people/to stay healthy/the Olympic Games/began because

VII Complete the sentences with the following words.

aqueducts baths toilets Roman

Ancient _______ doctors learned that being dirty could make people ill. Ancient Romans built baths and ______ for lots o people to use. Every day Ancient Romans went to the ________ to wash and meet with friends. Giant bridges called ______ brought water to the cities.