Перевод

JOBS. CAREERS

Topical Vocabulary

skills	умения, навыки
abilities	способности
talent	талант
calling (for)	призвание
accomplishments	успехи, достижения
attitude	отношение, позиция
appointment	свидание, назначенная встреча
to make a appointment for	назначить встречу на
to keep/break an appointment	придти/не придти на встречу
career goals	цели, которые ставит перед собой претендент на должность
education	образование
оjob hunting	поиск работы
employment agency	агентство по трудоустройству
advertisement	объявление, реклама
reception	секретарь в приемной
fee	плата за услуги, гонорар
to pay a fee to smb for smth	платить кому-либо за что-либо
to contact smb	связаться с, обратиться к
counselor	служащий агентства
resume	резюме (описание образования, работы и опыта)
vacancy	вакансия
interview	собеседование
job	работа, должность
job qualification	необходимые качества и опыт для работы
technical job	работа в промышленности
high paid job =high-salaried job	высокооплачиваемая работа
low paid =low-salaried	низкооплачиваемая работа
well paid job	хорошо оплачиваемая работа
position	должность, положение
occupation=profession	род занятий, профессия
by occupation	по профессии
business	занятие, дело
on business	по делу
post	пост, должность
to hold the post	занимать пост
to join the company	поступить на работу в компанию
reference	рекомендация
to apply for a job	обращаться за работой
applicant	кандидат, претендент
to employ	предоставлять работу
employer	работодатель
employee	служащий
unemployed	безработный
employment	занятость, работа
unemployment	безработица
to hire	нанимать на работу
responsibilities=duties	обязанности
to fulfill=to perform duties	выполнять обязанности
salary=wages=pay	заработная плата
at a salary of….	с заработной платой
to get an increase in pay	получить прибавку к жалованию
insurance	страховка
leave	отпуск
to be on sick leave	быть на больничном
schedule	график, расписание
to dismiss=to discharge	увольнять
to retire	увольняться
head	глава, руководитель
chief, boss	руководитель, начальник
subordinate	подчиненный
manager	управляющий, директор
director	директор
assistant	помощник
to work under smb	работать под чьим-либо руководством
experienced =skilled=qualified	опытный, квалифицированный
colleague=co-worker	коллега
department	отдел
office	контора, учреждение, офис
research institute	научно-исследовательский институт
to work hard	работать упорно, старательно
to work overtime	работать сверхурочно
to work late hours	задерживаться на работе
to make good=to get on	сделать карьеру

Topical Idioms

to explore every avenue – использовать все возможности backstairs – закулисные интриги to break one’s back – обанкротиться to better oneself – получить повышение по службе to get the boot – быть уволенным monkey business – подозрительное дело, махинация to be on the carpet – получить нагоняй to earn one’s crust – зарабатывать на кусок хлеба to make ends meet – сводить концы с концами to fill the office – исполнять обязанности to work one’s fingers to the bone – работать, не покладая рук to be in the gun – быть под угрозой увольнения to wear two hats – работать по совместительству to eat one’s head off – проедать больше, чем зарабатывать idle Monday – прогул a job of work – тяжелая работа to earn one’s keep – зарабатывать себе на жизнь on the make – делающий карьеру to burn the midnight oil – поздно засиживаться за работой to put one’s weight – выполнить свою долю работы shake-up – перемещение должностных лиц to talk shop – говорить на профессиональные темы, о служебных делах to be short handed – нуждаться в кадрах soft job – легкая, но выгодная работа to give a trial – взять на испытательный срок a white-collar business – работа в офисе to lie down n the work – работать, спустя рукава

Job Titles

accountant	бухгалтер		librarian	библиотекарь
actor/actress	актер/актриса	manager	управляющий
artist	художник	mechanic	механик
baby sitter	няня	messenger	курьер
baker	пекарь	modeler	модельер
bank clerk	банковский служащий	motor-car racer	мотогонщик
bank teller	банковский кассир	nurse	медсестра
barber	мужской парикмахер	pharmacist	фармацевт
brocker	брокер	plumber	водопроводчик
builder	строитель	pilot	летчик
bus driver	водитель автобуса	poet	поэт
butcher	мясник	police office	полицейский
carpenter	плотник		printer	печатник
cashier	кассир	sailor	моряк
computer programmer	программист	receptionist	секретарь в приемной
conductor	кондуктор, проводник	salesperson	продавец
cook	повар	secretary	секретарь
dentist	зубной врач	security guard	охранник
doctor	доктор	sewing machine швея operator
economist	экономист	social worker	социальный работник
electrician	электрик	stewardess	стюардесса
engineer	инженер	stunt man	каскадер
firefighter	пожарный	surgeon	хирург
florist	цветочник	tailor	портной
furrier	меховщик	taxi driver	таксист
gardener	садовник	teacher	учитель
hairdresser	женский парикмахер	trainer	тренер
housepainter	маляр	travel agent	агент тур-бюро
housekeeper	домработница	turner	токарь
interpreter	переводчик	waiter	официант
lawyer	юрист	writer	писатель
lecturer	преподаватель в ВУЗе

The number of foreign companies, developing their business in Russia, is constantly growing. Read the information about what demands the companies make on applicants and probably it will be useful for you in the future when choosing a career.

Vacancies: who the foreigners need

It is obvious that there are two types of secretarial work in foreign companies. The first – in the reception, the second – in the office. Each has its own responsibilities and requires certain knowledge and skills. The consulting firm “Business link” which specializes in personnel search for foreign firms and companies is ready to throw light on* these two posts.

The Receptionist.

Demands* placed on the person occupying this post are greater than those in Russian business. The receptionist is the visiting card of the firm. He or she is the first person to meet people who have come to that organisation and their impression and wish for future contacts depend on how well the receptionist performs. So it goes without saying that here companies need sociable, benevolent*, competent and responsible people. Naturally, they must know a foreign language.

A receptionist’s duties consist of politely welcoming visitors, answering their questions in detail and sometimes suggest a way around some problems that they may have. But this is far from all.

Today’s receptionist must be able to use a computer, photocopier, fax machine, to typewrite both in Cyrillic and Latin scripts*, plus draw up accounts and business letters, and answer correctly any telephone calls.

The office secretary.

This is a higher level for which higher education is made a condition of employment. This secretary is the manager’s assistant, his right hand. Very often he or she deals with confidential office information and his or her caution* determines whether such information will be used against the firm.

The office secretary knows quite well the work of the organisation and he or she must solve competently any problems that business partners may have, answer internal and international telephone calls and so know a foreign language well.

The office secretary is a permanent participant in business meetings and talks of the firm with its partners. The secretary must take the minutes, draw up and type documents, correct business letters and deals with correspondence. The secretary is also responsible for the organisation of presentations, receptions, meetings, trips (all of which are very difficult without good organisational skills), and also relations with the firms guests, travelling visas, looking travel seats and hotel accommodation.

This employee must have a command of the basics of accounting and understand banking operations and needless to say be sociable, well-mannered and benevolent.

* осветить, пролить свет на

* требования

* доброжелательный

* шрифт

* осторожность

Find out equivalents to the following words and phrases.

приемная

требовать определенные знания и умения

специализироваться на подборе кадров

секретарь в приемной

визитная карточка

будущие контакты

выполнять обязанности

вежливо встречать посетителей

подсказать путь решения проблемы

составлять отчеты и деловые письма

корректно

условие приема на работу

конфиденциальная служебная информация

грамотно разрешать проблему

внутренние и международные телефонные звонки

постоянный участник деловых встреч и переговоров

вести протоколы

составлять и печатать документы

работать с поступающей информацией

организаторские способности

общение с гостями фирмы

бронирование мест на транспорте и в гостиницах

сотрудник

основы бухгалтерского учета

воспитанный

Say the receptionist or the secretary (or both) has to perform the following duties:

to organize presentations

to meet visitors

to draw up business letters

to book tickets for business trips

to work with confidential information

to solve any arising office problem

to participate in business meetings

to know a foreign language

to answer telephone calls

to type documents

to understand banking operations

to use all means of communication

to cope with any business partners’ problem

to answer visitors’ questions

to know the basics of accounting

JA firm had the following legend printed on its salary receipt forms: “Your salary is your personal business and shouldn’t be disclosed to anyone”. A new employee, in signing the receipt, added: “I won’t mention it to anybody. I’m just as much ashamed of it as you are.”

Choose the words which best complete the sentences:

1. For more details you can…	a. my subordinates.
2. Fortunately I get on well…	b. a high-salaried job.
3. I’m their chief and they are…	c. want to retire.
4. Kelly is responsible for…	d. joined the company in March.
5. Now I’m looking for …	e. a very convenient work schedule.
6. He has always worked very had he…	f. as interpreter.
7. Edward bought a newspaper…	g. with all my colleagues.
8. I can’t work late hours any more and..	h. to study the adverts about vacancies
9. Marilyn applied for a job in January and…	i. a plastic surgeon by occupation
10. We can offer you…	j. Contact the head of our personnel department.
11. Mr. Astros is very rude person, so…	k. I don’t work under him any more.
12. She is qualified …	l. she was not experienced enough.
13. My father is…	m. has got an increase in pay recently.
14. The poor thing was dismissed because ….	n. personnel training and development.

Read the text about the supposed outlook concerning jobs and think over the questions:

-  What kind of people may be interested in part-time jobs? Why? Give your grounds.

-  What doesn’t mean for a worker – to have more power in his company?

Jobs: a look into the future

What changes are going to happen in our way of life? According to writer Patrick Goldring, more people are likely to have part time jobs. This is going to be true for most workers. The fact is people have many interests and full-time jobs don’t allow time for these interests.

Therefore people are going to have two or three different part-time jobs.

According to David Jenkins in his book “Job Power workers will have more power in their companies over their jobs and hours. Groups of employees and company leaders intend to meet in order to find answers to company problems. Some companies don’t want to change though people are demanding it. What’s the result of “job power”? According to Jenkins, the result is a good feeling toward the company.

Employee: “I have been here 10 years doing three men’s work for one man’s pay. Now I want a raise!”

Employer: “I can’t give you a raise but if you tell me who the other two men are, I’ll discharge them.”

Find out the synonymic expressions in the right column for the idioms in the left one:

1. to get the boot	a. to go bankrupt
2. to break one’s back	b. to work late hours
3. o fill the office	c. a hard job
4. a job of work	d. to work hard
5. to burn the midnight oil	e. to talk about professional matters
6. to better oneself	f. to get promotion
7. to work one’s fingers to the bone	g. to do one’s work
8. to wear two hats	h. to be dismissed
9. to talk shop	i. to have part-time employment
10. to put one’s weight	j. to perform duties

Read the poem by Walter Brooks abut the insect famous for its being hard-working. What is the author not fond of the ant? What about you? Why? What is the implication of the poem?

p.157 (II)

Translate the following English proverbs and find appropriate Russian equivalents. Use them in sentences and situations of your own:

1.  No pain, no gain.

2.  If you want a thing well done, do it yourself.

3.  Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.

4.  Business before pleasure.

5.  Well begun is half done.

6.  Where there is a will, there is a way.

7.  It’s never too late to learn.

8.  An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.

Before reading the following extract from the book answer the questions:

- What should a good interview be?

- How can an employer find out whether a candidate suits him or not?

from “One Off” by T. E. Johnson

I remember clearly that interview I had with Sir Alexander Walker hat day…

“Mr. Johnson, sit down”. He spoke with a strong Scottish accent.

“Mr. Johnson, do ye not find it somewhat impairrtinent to ask for me without an appointment?” Before I could reply he said: “I like that in a man. Impairrtinence shows spirit. Now stand up, young man. Walk about. Turrn rround. Look out of the window. How many chairs are there in the room?”

“Five, sir”.

“How much ask is there on my cigar?”

“About an inch, sir.”

“My tie?”

“Blue, sir”.

“Turrn rround. You are not unobsairrvant. Have you ever been in an adverrtising agency before?”

“No, sir.”

“What made you come heerr?”

“I saw the name, sir.”

“And you recognized it?”

“No, sir.”

“H’mm!” Then abruptly: “Would you like me to show ye my agency? Before ye decide to take a job heerr you should see the place.”

“I’ve already decided, sir…”

“Just the same, I’ll show it ye.”

Sir Alexander took me into room after room. He walked with quick steps. He was like a boy showing off his tricks.

At last he took me back to the lift. “Of course, ye will not be paid a great deal. Ye will receive one pound a week for the fairrst year. After that we shall see.”

I said it was not enough.

Answer the following questions in pairs:

1. What the interview was for?

2. Where was the interview held?

3. Who was Sir Alexander Walker?

4. What did Sir Alexander find out about the man?

5. How did he do it?

6. Was the interview successful?

7. Does the interview seem strange to you? Why?

Judge (in dentist chair) – “Do you swear that you will pull the tooth, the whole tooth and nothing but the tooth?”

Nobody will probably give the better picture of a good employee than the king of the Microsoft empire Bill Gates. Read the article, collect the information and give the summary in 12-15 sentences.

Ten Attributes* of a Good Employee (by Bill Gates)

I’m often asked how to be a good manager. Less often does anybody ask an equally important question: what makes a good employee?

Here are 10 of the qualities I find in the “best and brightest” employees, the people that companies should attract and retain*. If you have all of these attributes, you’re probably a terrific employee.

First, it’s important to have a fundamental curiosity about the products of your company. You have to use the products yourself. Technology and practices are advancing so fast that it is very hard to keep up. If you don’t have a fascination with the products you can get out of date – and become ineffective – very quickly.

Second, you need a genuine interest in engaging customers in discussions about how they use products – what they like, what they don’t lie. You have to be a bit of an evangelist* with customers and yet be realistic about where your company’s products are falling short* and could be better.

Third, once you understand your customer’s needs you have to enjoy thinking how a product can help. If you work in the software industry, for example, you might ask: “How can this product make work more interesting? How can it make learning more interesting? How can it be used in the home in more interesting ways?”

Fourth, you should maintain the same type of long-term* approach that a good company does. Employees need to focus on lifelong goals such as developing their own skills and those of the people they work with.

Fifth, you need to have specialized knowledge or skills. Big companies want employees who can learn specialties quickly because the experience you have today may not suffice* tomorrow.

Sixth, you have to be flexible enough to take advantage of opportunities that can give you perspective. At Microsoft, we try to offer a person lots of different jobs through a career. Anyone interested in joining management can work in different customer units, even if it means moving laterally* within the organization or going to a different part of the world.

Seventh, a good employee will want learn the economic of the business. Why does a company do what it does? What are its business models? How does it make money?

Eighth, you must focus on competitors. I like employees who think about what is going on in the marketplace. What are our competitors doing that is smart*? What can we learn from them? How can we avoid their mistakes.

Ninth, you’ve got to use your head. Analyze problems but don’t fall prey to “analysis paralysis”. Use your head in practical way too. Allocate* your time effectively. Think about how to give advice to other groups.

Finally be honest, ethical* and hard working. These attributes go without saying.

* to retain – удерживать

* проповедник

* to fall short – не хватать, не достигать цели

* long-term –долгосрочный

* to suffice – удовлетворять, хватать

* горизонтально

* smart (зд) – разумный

* to fall prey – стать жертвой

* to allocate – распределять

* ethical – нравственный

Give the detailed explanation to the following words and word combinations:

the brightest employee

a terrific employee

a fundamental curiosity

to advance

to keep up

to get out of date

to engage in discussions

to maintain

to focus

specialized skills

to be flexible

to take advantage of

a competitor

Study the collocations of the following words. Make up sentences using the given word combinations:

get find

do look for

make

earn do for

have take on offer

look for do

get find

Read an enquiring letter, picking up the words and phrases, which can be useful for you to draw up your own letter.

Frolichstrasse 265,

Zurich,

Switzerland 30th October 2003

Dear Mrs Abbott,

I’m writing to find out more about the advertisement for a job which I came across I the “English Now” magazine. I’m doing a teacher training course in Zurich: one day I’m going to be an English teacher. I have been learning English for six years now, but I want to “brush up” my English and I feel that I must get more experience talking to English people. I have been working part-time in a private, nursery for the last four months so I have some experience with children.

I’m going to be on holiday in England in January. I would be grateful if I could come and see you then.

I enclose two references and a photograph.

I hope you will consider me for the job.

Yours sincerely,

Maya Werklen.

Write a polite enquiring letter about some job advertisement.

Read the dialogue, learn it and act it out.

-  Hi, Paul!

-  Hello, Simon. How are you feeling? What are you doing?

-  Same as everybody else in the top class-getting ready for the entrance exams. Right?

-  Yes, it’s a real pain. Choosing a career is really difficult. You are not just choosing a course at college, but making a decision for life.

-  Very wise. But I agree it’s a difficult decision. They say there are ore than 2000 professions in the world. So how do I now which one is suitable for me? To get your degree and then do a job you hate – it’s ludicrous.

-  And what do you want to be? Where are you going to study?

-  The First Medical Institute.

-  What exactly do you want to do? I think medicine is such a complex field, so much responsibility involved.

-  I want to be an oculist.

-  Well, it’s such a delicate work.

-  This kind of work is developing rapidly nowadays, so many new ideas, modern trends, modern technologies.

-  Yes, it’s interesting and so topical. You really have chosen something which will always be in demand in our unstable world.

-  I hope so. What about you?

-  I dream about studying some branch of modern horticulture science connected with genetics at the Horticulture Academy.

-  I see. Well, good luck to you!

-  See you e!

Make up a dialogue of you own, choosing one of the following topics:

1.  Mother wants her daughter o follow in her footsteps and become a doctor. But the girl is looking forward to being a computer programmer. They are arguing, each pressing her point.

2.  You are a 3-year-student of the Technical University. All of a sudden you realize that your calling is to be writer. Break this unexpected news to your friend.

3.  You want to be a painter, but your parent claims doesn’t pay well. He/she tries to prove that the profession of a designer opens doors your creativity too and is also well-paid.

4.  You are a lawyer and job hunting at the moment. You’ve come into an employment agency to speak about your career goals, education, experience and accomplishments.

5.  You’re having an interview in the office of the shipping agency.

6.  Being out of work you are trying to persuade the head of the company that even without the required experience in sales you are able to cope with the task.

“I hope you are not afraid of microbes”, apologized the paying teller as he cashed the schoolteacher’s check with soiled currency.

“Don’ worry,” said the young lady, a microbe couldn’t live on my salary.”