The United States Аrmed Forces
Words and Word Combinations on the Topicnumerical strength - численность
serviceman - военнослужащий
Secretary of Defence - министр обороны
civilian - гражданское лицо
Department of Defence - министерство обороны
armed service - вид вооруженных сил
Marine Corps - морская пехота
regular forces - регулярные силы (войска)
Ready Reserve - резерв I очереди
Standby Reserve - резерв II очереди
Retired Reserve - резерв III очереди
major command - объединенное командование
zone of Interior - внутренняя зона
strategic - стратегический
general purpose forces - силы общего назначения
strategic mobility forces - стратегические мобильные силы
intercontinental ballistic межконтинентальная
missile - баллистическая ракета
nuclear powered submarine - атомная подводная лодка
joint - совместный
independent - самостоятельный
assist - помогать
divide - делить
Прочитайте словаа) с ударением на первом слоге:
serviceman, Army, regular, president, forces, function, missile, category, general, purpose, aircraft, nuclear, secretary, million, service, Navy, Europe, organize, major;
б) с ударением на втором слоге:
according, divide, strategic, offensive, mobility, interior, command, consist, defence, numerical, department, reserve, retired, Marine, equipped, division, mobile, importance, assist.
Повторите за преподавателем:Under the Constitution, according to the functions, ballistic missile, intercontinental missile, Army and Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force, Standby Reserve, Ready Reserve, Retired Reserve, major armed services, regular component, reserve component, US Armed Forces, three categories, Secretary of Defence, Department of Defence, zone of Interior, general purpose, strategic mobility forces, nuclear powered missile submarine, independent operations, joint operations, ground troops, navy troops, organized into major commands, numerical strength.
The United States Armed Forces
The USA has the largest and best equipped armed forces. The numerical strength of the US Armed Forces is close to three million servicemen.
Under the Constitution of the United States the President is the Commander-in-Chief of the US Armed Forces. The President is assisted by the Secretary of Defence (a civilian) and by the Department of Defence.
The US Armed Forces consist of the Army, the Navy, the Air Force. The Marine Corps is a component part of the Navy. All armed services include regular and reserve components.
The Regular forces are organized into three major commands: in the zone of Interior, that is in the continental part of the USA, in Europe and in the Far East (in the Pacific zone).
There are three categories of reservists in the US Armed Forces: the Ready Reserve, the Standby Reserve and the Retired Reserve. All units of the National Guard are in the Ready Reserve.
According to the functions the US Armed Forces are divided into strategic, general purpose, strategic mobility forces and reserves.
The strategic offensive forces include intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), strategic aircraft and nuclear powered ballistic missile submarines.
The US general purpose forces include ground troops, air force and navy troops. They are used for independent or joint operations on land and at sea. American units are stationed in more than forty countries.
Найдите предложения, где сказуемое стоит в форме Passive Voice. Переведите. The US General Purpose Forces include ground troops, the tactical Air Force and Navy. The most powerful overseas group of US General Purpose Forces is situated in Europe. The general purpose group second in importance is deployed in the Pacific Ocean. It includes nearly 30 per cent of the US regular army personnel. Powerful forces are situated in the Western Pacific including South Korea and Japan. The general purpose forces in the continental USA are a strategic reserve. A large US naval force is deployed in the Indian Ocean. Up to 180 combat aircraft are based on the aircraft carriers, including 80 nuclear-powered attack planes. Задайте общие вопросы к следующим предложениям. Переведите. Britain’s regular armed forces contain 327.000 men. Great Britain was the first country to approve of American plans to build up the NATO. Under the British law the monarch is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. The Minister of Defence (a civilian) and its General Headquarters see to army equipment, training, finance. There are four nuclear-powered submarines each carrying 16 American Polaris missiles in the strategic forces. Economic dependence made Britain the USA’s biggest ally.Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
I. Дайте эквиваленты
a) русские:
numerical strength, to assist, Commander-in-Chief, Secretary of Defence, under the Constitution, to consist of, armed service, the Navy, to include, regular forces, the zone of Interior, the Army, the Air Force, to be organized, according to, civilian, ready Reserve, Standby Reserve, Retired Reserve, to divide, general purpose forces, strategic mobility forces, intercontinental ballistic missile, aircraft, submarine, ground troops, independent operations, joint operations, on land, at sea, to be equipped with, Department of Defence;
b) английские:
Вооруженные силы США, вид вооруженных сил, гражданское лицо, в соответствии с Конституцией, Министерство обороны, сухопутные войска, военно-морские силы, совместные операции, самостоятельные операции, состоять (из), резерв I очереди, внутренняя зона, резерв II очереди, силы общего назначения, главнокомандующий, министр обороны, военно-воздушные силы, подводная лодка, межконтинентальная баллистическая ракета, самолет, военнослужащий, оснащать, помогать, включать, регулярные силы, резерв III очереди, в соответствии с назначением.
II. Подберите определения к существительным.
force component reserve missile aircraft troops operation submarine part Guard | regular intercontinental armed ready ground strategic nuclear independent National Continental |
III. Подберите эквиваленты слов и словосочетаний
| вооруженные силы виды вооруженных сил включать регулярные силы силы общего назначения внутренняя зона состоять из сухопутных войск и ВВС самостоятельные операции запасные формирования вооруженных сил атомная подводная лодка, оснащенная баллистическими ракетами в соответствии с назначением национальная гвардия главнокомандующий самые многочисленные и лучшим образом оснащенные вооруженные силы три миллиона военнослужащих совместные операции | 1. three million servicemen 2. Commander-in-chief 3. according to the functions 4. reserve components 5. to consist of the Army and Air Force 6. general purpose forces 7. armed services 8. joint operations 9. the largest and best equipped armed forces 10. National Guard 11. nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine 12. independent operations 13. zone of Interior 14. to include regular forces 15. armed forces |
IV. Подберите дополнения к глаголам:
1. to use 2. to include 3. to attack 4. to destroy 5. to carry 6. to bomb 7. to arm | 1. enemy submarine 2. nuclear bombs 3. ground troops and navy troops 4. the Navy 5. enemy aircraft 6. objectives 7. missiles |
V. Обратите внимание на лексику, часто употребляемую в спецтекстах. Переведите и отработайте.
To be equipped with, to equipped with navigation instruments,
to consist of, to consist of three armed services,
to include, to include regular forces and reserves,
to be organized, to be organized into three major commands,
according to the functions, according to the missions,
forces, strategic forces, tactical forces,
mobile, mobility, strategic mobile forces, missiles,
ballistic missiles, intercontinental ballistic missiles,
to be divided into, to be divided into general purpose forces and reserves,
to use, to be used for, to be used for strategic operations, to be used for naval operations,
troops, air force troops, navy troops,
operations, naval operations, joint operations, independent operations,
aircraft, strategic aircraft, tactical aircraft,
submarine, enemy submarine, nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine,
arm, armed, Army, armed services,
on land, at sea, in the air.
VI. Обратите внимание на сокращения, встречающиеся в спецтекстах авиационной тематики.
Lb – pound - фунт (мера веса)
m - meter - метр
mi – mile - миля
mph – miles per hour - миль в час
min – minute - минута
ft – foot - фут (мера длины)
fpm – feet per minute - футов в минуту
kmph – kilometers per hour – км в час
in – inch - дюйм
kn – knot - узел
Прочитайте и переведите:
2,000m, 10mi, 60 min, 100 ft, 500 kmph, 25 in, 58.000 lb, 40 fpm, 400 mph.
Запомните соотношения между английскими и метрическими мерами.
1 фунт = 453,593 г
1 морская миля = 1853,2 м
1 фут = 0,305 м
1 дюйм = 2,54 см
1 ярд = 0,914 м
VII. Закончите предложения.
The USA has the largest … The President is … The US Armed Forces consist of … The Regular forces are organized into three major forces … All armed services include … There are three categories of reservists in the US Armed Forces … According to there functions the US Armed Forces are divided into … The strategic offensive forces include … The US general purpose forces include …VIII. Переведите слова, данные в скобках с русского на английский язык.
1. Under the Constitution of the USA the President is the (главнокомандующий) of the US Armed Forces.
2. The President (оказывать помощь) by the Secretary of Defence (гражданское лицо) and by (Министерство обороны).
3. The Armed Forces consist of (сухопутные войска, ВВС, ВМС)
4. (Корпус морской пехоты) is a component part of the (ВМС).
5. The regular forces are organized into three (главные) commands: (во
внутренней зоне) in Europe, (на Ближнем Востоке).
6. There are three categories of reservists: the Ready Reserve, (резерв II очереди), the Retired Reserve.
7. According to the functions the US Armed Forces are divided into strategic, (силы общего назначения), reserves, (стратегические мобильные силы).
IX. Составьте предложения из следующих слов, обратите внимание на порядок слов.
1. Include, all, regular, and, reserve, components, services, armed.
2. The Air Force, the USA Armed Forces, the Navy, the Army, consists of.
3. Is, by, the President, assisted, the Secretary, Defence, of.
4. The Constitution, the President, the Commander-in-Chief, under, is, of, Forces, the US, Armed.
5. Three, the Regular, major, into, organized, forces, are, commands.
6. Reservists, three, of, there, categories, are, the US, Armed, Forces, in.
7. Best, the USA, armed, has, equipped, forces, the largest, and.
8. Million, the numerical, the US, service-men, strength, of, Armed, Forces, is, three.
X. Используя таблицу, задайте вопросы:
· о численности вооруженных сил США;
· их основных видах;
· об организации регулярных войск;
· о структуре резерва;
· о делении вооруженных сил по назначению.
What How | is are | the numerical strength…? the main armed services? the Regular Forces organized into? the reserve categories? the US Armed Forces divided into? |
XI. Выполните двусторонний перевод
1. Who is the Commander-in-Chief of the USA Armed Forces? 2. Is the Secretary of Defence a serviceman? 3. How are the Regular forces organized into? 4. How are the US Armed Forces divided into according to their functions? 5. What is the numerical strength of the US Armed Forces? 6. What are the main armed services of the US Armed Forces? | 1. В соответствии с Конституцией президент США является главнокомандующим вооруженных сил 2. Нет, министр обороны – гражданское лицо. 3. Регулярные силы организованы в три командования: во внутренней зоне, в Европе, на Ближнем Востоке. 4. В соответствии с назначением Вооруженные силы США делятся на стратегические силы, силы общего назначения, стратегические мобильные силы и резервы. 5. Численность Вооруженных сил США – около 3-х миллионов военнослужащих. 6. Основными видами Вооруженных сил США являются: сухопутные войска, ВВС, ВМС, |
XII. Согласитесь или исправьте следующую информацию, используя фразы:
You are right. That’s right I agree with you. Quite right. | You are mistaken. You are wrong. That’s wrong. I don’t agree with you. |
1. The US Armed Forces include about five million servicemen.
2. The Secretary of Defence is the Commander-in-Chief of the US Armed Forces.
3. The Secretary of Defence is a serviceman.
4. The US Armed Forces consist of three armed services.
5. All armed services include regular and reserve components.
6. There are two categories of reservists in the US Armed Forces.
7. THE regular forces are organized into three major commands: in the zone of Interior, in Europe, in the Far East.
8. According to their functions the US Armed Forces are divided into strategic and tactical.
