Сослагательное наклонение (бы!) - разговор о нереальном

  Сослагательное наклонение  (бы!) – разговор о нереальном.

  Если бы! Хорошо бы! Жаль, что!

Subjunctive Mood I

Subjunctive I  в современном языке употребляется не часто. В основном мы встречаем его в поэзии, в лозунгах.  On представляет собой инфинитив  без to : live, be have, etc.

Например:

Long live the forced of peace!

Long live the King!

He orders that we be present.

Here will I stand till Caesar pass along. (Shakespeare)

Subjunctive Mood II  Subjunctive Mood II

Present  Past

  По форме совпадает(!)  с Past Ind.  Cовпадает по форме с Past Perfect

  played, wrote, WERE – для всех лиц.  Had played, had written, had been

  Употребляется!

После выражения I wish ( Хорошо бы, жаль....)

  Относится к настоящему моменту  Относится к прошлому

  или будущему  ( не состоялось)

I wish he were with us.  (now or tomorrow)  I wish he had been with us yesterday. 

I wish he could play the piano.  I wish he had won the game, but he

  lost.

После as if, as though (словно)

  He looks(looked) as if he were ill.  He looks (looked) as if he had been ill for

  a long time. 

В придаточном предложении  сложноподчиненного условного предложения.  ( Если бы погода была хорошая.......

  If the weather were good we would go there.  If the weather had been good we

  (now, tomorrow)  would have gone there yesterday.

  Would go, would have gone – Conditional Mood!!

  Conditional Mood

  Present  Past 

  If I were you I would do it.  If I were him I wouldn’t have done it.

Вспомним условные предложения относящиеся к будущему.

If the weather is good we’ll go to the park.

If he gets some money from the bank he will buy a new car. (реальное условие, без бы)

If he got some money from the bank he would buy a new car. (нереальное условие, бы!)

If he had gotten some money he would have bought a new car, but he did not. (не состоялось)