Областное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
Среднего профессионального образования
Томский индустриальный техникум
Сборник практических работ
«Иностранный язык»
Специальность СПО: 090905 «Организация и технология защиты информации»
Разработчик:
Томск – 2015г
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Пояснительная записка…………………………………………….…..………3
Практическая работа 1. «Защита информации»……………………...…...….4
Практическая работа 2. «Вирусы» ……………………………………………8
Практическая работа 3. «Преимущества и недостатки интернета»………..12
Практическая работа 4. «Возможности интернета»…………………………15
Практическая работа 5. «Уровни защиты информации»……………..…….18
Критерии оценивания…………………………………………………………20
Список используемой литературы ……………………………………..……22
Пояснительная записка
В современном образовательном процессе особая роль отведена практическому применению полученных знаний. Практические работы - неотъемлемая часть процесса обучения и на уроках иностранного языка. Выполнение практических работ предоставляет возможность применить теоретические знания на практике, отработать все виды деятельности на уроке, такие, например, как чтение, письмо, устная речь. Практические работы также способствуют воспитанию у обучающихся трудолюбия и развитию самостоятельности.
Необходимость создания сборника практических работ для данной специальности обусловлена стремлением систематизировать и расширить знания студентов по лексике и грамматике. В современном обществе востребованы глубокие знания английского языка в области перевода, устной и письменной речи, что делает проблему изучения грамматического строя языка и расширению словарного запаса в профессиональном направлении все более актуальной и насущной. Данный курс призван развивать и совершенствовать речемыслительную активность учащихся, мотивированность и самостоятельность их высказываний, и поэтому соответствует существующему социальному заказу.
Сборник практических работ адресован студентам среднего уровня и может использоваться как на уроках английского языка, так и при самостоятельном изучении. Предполагается, что по окончании изучения данного комплекса заданий студенты будут способны переносить теоретические знания по данным темам на практику, т. е. выполнять различные лексико-грамматические тесты, грамотно переводить тексты различной тематики, грамотно излагать мысли и обмениваться информацией в связи с ситуацией.
Сборник состоит из 5 объемных практических работ, темы которых взяты из учебной программы по данной специальности. Также автором разработаны критерии оценивания практических работ. Практические работы на уроках могут выполняться на этапе проверки и контроля, в ходе изучения нового материала и его закрепления.
Практическая работа 1
«Защита информации»
Read and translate the text
Basic Principles of Information Protection
Many examples of systems requiring protection of information are encountered every day: airline seat reservation systems, credit bureau data banks; law enforcement information systems; time-sharing service bureaus; on-line medical information systems; and government social service data processing systems. These examples span a wide range of needs for organizational and personal privacy. All have in common controlled sharing of information among multiple users. All, therefore,
require some plan to ensure that the computer system helps implement the correct authority structure. Of course, in some applications no special provisions in the computer system are necessary. It may be, for instance, that an externally administered code of ethics or a lack of knowledge about computers adequately protects the stored information. Although there are situations in which the computer need provide no aids to ensure protection of information, often it is appropriate to have the computer enforce a desired authority structure. The words ‘privacy’, ‘security’, and ‘protection’ are frequently used in connection with information-storing systems. Not all authors use these terms in the same way. Here are the definitions commonly encountered in computer science literature. The term ‘privacy’ denotes
a socially defined ability of an individual (or organization) to determine whether, when, and to whom personal (or organizational) information is to be released. The term ‘security’ describes techniques that control that may use or modify the computer or the information contained in it. Security specialists have found it useful to place potential security violations in three categories.
1. Unauthorized information release: an unauthorized person is able to read and take advantage of information stored in the computer. This category of concern sometimes extends to ‘traffic analysis’, in which the intruder observes only the patterns of information use and from those patterns can infer some information content. It also includes unauthorized use of a proprietary program.
2. Unauthorized information modification: an unauthorized person is able to make changes in stored information – a form of sabotage. Note that this kind of violation does not require that the intruder see the information he has changed.
3. Unauthorized denial of use: an intruder can prevent an authorized user from referring to or modifying information, even though the intruder may not be able to refer to or modify the information. Causing a system ‘crash’, disrupting a scheduling algorithm, or firing a bullet into a computer are examples of denial of use. This is another form of sabotage.
The term ‘unauthorized’ in the three categories listed above means that release, modification, or denial of use occurs contrary to the desire of the person who controls the information, possibly even contrary to the constraints supposedly enforced by the system. The biggest complication in a general-purpose remote-accessed computer system is that the ‘intruder’ in these definitions may be an otherwise legitimate user of the computer system. Examples of security techniques sometimes applied to computer systems are the following:
1) labeling files with lists of authorized users;
2) verifying the identity of a prospective user by demanding a password;
3) shielding the computer to prevent interception and subsequent interpretation of electromagnetic radiation;
4) enciphering information sent over telephone lines;
5) locking the room containing the computer;
6) controlling who is allowed to make changes to the computer sys-
tem (both its hardware and software);
7) using redundant circuits or programmed cross-checks that maintain security in the face of hardware or software failures;
8) certifying that the hardware and software are actually implemented as intended.
It is apparent that a wide range of considerations are pertinent to the engineering of security of information. Historically, the literature of computer systems has more narrowly defined the term protection to be just those security techniques that
control the access of executing programs to stored information. An example of a protection technique is labeling of computer-stored files with lists of authorized users. Similarly, the term authentication is used for those security techniques that verify the identity of a person (or other external agent) making a request of a computer system. An example of an authentication technique is demanding a password. This paper concentrates on protection and authentication mechanisms, with only occasional reference to the other equally necessary security mechanisms. One should recognize that concentration on protection and authentication mechanisms provides a narrow view of information security, and that a narrow view is dangerous. The objective of a secure system is to prevent all unauthorized use of information, a negative kind of requirement. It is hard to prove that this negative requirement has been achieved, for one must demonstrate that every possible threat has been anticipated.
Tasks
1. Give the Russian equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
to encounter; to span a wide range of needs for; multiple users; special provisions; to ensure protection; to enforce smth; techniques; potential security violations; to take
advantage of; to disrupt a scheduling algorithm; the intruder; legitimate user; shielding; to encipher information; redundant circuits; to certify; possible threat; to anticipate.
2. Provide definitions in the context of protecting information in computers:
Access
Authenticate
Authorize
Certify
Encipherment
Password
Privacy
Protection
Security
(Check them with the Glossary given at the end.)
3. Answer the questions to the text and perform the tasks:
1. Give your own examples of systems requiring protection of information.
2. What is the main difference between the notions protection and security?
3. Span the needs for organizational and personal privacy.
4. What are the three categories of the potential security violations? Describe them.
5. Why can release, modification, or denial of use occur contrary to the desire of the person?
6. Give examples of security techniques sometimes applied to computer systems.
7. What are the other definitions of the terms protection and authentication?
8. Why are these terms considered to provide a narrow view of information security?
4. Discuss the basic principles of information protection
GRAMMAR REVISION
1. Use the correct tense form.
This story happened to Mr. Brow n who (was living, lived, had lived) in the suburbs of one of the towns in England. One evening he (walked, was being walked, was walking) home from the railway station. The road (had been, was, being) dark and ddenly he heard someone (was approaching, approached, approaching) him from behind and thought he (being followed, was being followed, was followed). Mr. Brown (was, had been, being) terribly frightened and started (run, ran, running). The footsteps still followed him. The man ran into an old cemetery and threw himself on the grass near one of the graves. Lying there Mr. Brown thought, ‘If he (came, was coming, comes) here there (will be, is, was) no doubt he (wanted, wants, will want) to
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