Контрольная работа по английскому языку для студентов 2 курса юридического факультета, специальность «Политология», 3 семестр
Часть 1. Специальность «Политология»
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UK Political System
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. This means that Great Britain is governed by Parliament and the Queen is Head of State.
The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Houses of Parliament. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary and life peers and peeresses. The members of the House of Commons are elected by the people. They are elected from the constituencies in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The House of Commons is the real governing body of the United Kingdom. The executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the political party which is supported by the majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is the majority party leader and is appointed by the Queen. The Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers: twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet.
The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.
The judiciary branch of the government determines common law and is independent both of the legislative and the executive branches.
There is no written constitution in Great Britain, only precedents and traditions.
Vocabulary
constitutional monarchy – конституционная монархия
the Queen – королева
Head of State – глава государства
the legislative power – законодательная власть
to be exercised by – осуществляться (чем-л.)
the Houses of Parliament – парламент
the House of Lords – палата лордов
the House of Commons – палата общин
to be composed of smth – состоять из чего-л.
hereditary and life peers – наследственные и пожизненные лорды и пэры
а peeresses - пэресса
a member of – член (чего-л.)
to be elected by the people – избираться народом
to be elected from the constituencies – избираться от избирательного округа
the real governing body – реальный правящий орган
the executive power – исполнительная власть
Prime Minister – премьер-министр
The Cabinet – кабинет
to be supported by the majority – поддерживаться большинством
to be appointed by – назначаться (кем-л.)
to choose a team of ministers – создавать команду министров
the Shadow Cabinet – теневой кабинет
the judiciary branch of the government – судебная власть
to determine common law – определять обще право
to be independent of smth – не зависеть от чего-л.
II. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:
Who is the Head of State in Great Britain? What chambers does the British Parliament consist of? What is the government formed by? What is the Shadow Cabinet? Is there a constitution in Great Britain?Часть 2.
Поставьте глаголы в нужную форму, используя пассивный залог. TV ___ by Baird (invent). Pyramids ___ by Egyptians (build). His hat ___ away by the wind now (blow away). Coffee ___ in Brazil (grow). Chopsticks ___ in China (use). The plants ___ by water at the moment (water). The thief ___ yesterday (chase). The robber ___ last week (arrest). The injured man ___ to hospital now (take). The car ___ tomorrow (repair). The vase ___ just ___ (break). The dishes ___ yet (not / wash). The long dresses ___ in 1890 (wear). Dinner ___ in ten minutes (serve). The letters ___ at the moment (type). Guernica ___ by Picasso (paint). The parcel ___ yet (not / deliver). Alpha Romeo cars ___ in Italy (make). The thief ___ late last night (arrest). The letter ___ next week (deliver).
Переведите глаголы в предложениях из активного залога в пассивный. The gardener has planted some trees. Doctor Brown will give you some advice. A famous designer will redecorate the hotel. Steven Spielberg directed “E. T.”. Someone has broken the crystal vase. His parents have brought him up to be polite. Fleming discovered penicillin. They will advertise the product on television. Someone is remaking that film. The police arrested him. The traffic warden had already given him a ticket for illegal parking People must obey the law. Someone had broken our door down. They chose him as the best actor of the year. Somebody has stolen a bus from outside the school.
Переведите глаголы в предложениях из активного залога в пассивный. He gave me a present. The waiter will bring us the bill. The Queen presented him with a medal. Her mother bought Mary some sweets. Bob has sold Ted a second-hand car. Larry is going to send a letter to Tom. Someone is helping her with the housework. A pickpocket robbed me. The mail-order company sent Mrs Green a parcel. Someone will pay you within the next few days. You can improve your health with more exercise. A dog is chasing the child. My friend sent me an invitation. The farmer is building a new barn. The secretary has given Mrs Jones some letters.
4. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect.
5. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect.
What organisations ___ he ___ for (work)? How many flowers ___ we ___ (sell)? ___ you ___ an arm (ever/ break)? ___ the post ___ (arrive)? ___ Ms Smith ___ here longer than you (work)? ___ your daughter ___ in a tent (ever/sleep)? Where ___ you ___ (be)? How long ___ they ___ their house (have)? How many books ___ Michael ___ (write)? What cities ___ you ___ to (be)?6. Заполните пропуски в предложениях используя for или since.
I haven't been at home ___ Christmas. We've been here ___ ten o'clock. I have worked for this company ___ more than eight years. I haven't been to the theatre ___ ages. I have studied for the exam ___ 9.15. I have had this toy ___ I was eight. She hasn't had a day off ___ 2007. John has been in France ___ more than three weeks now.7. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect или Past Simple.
I ___ 10 km (run / just) . I ___ 20 km last week (run) . I ___ a composition two days ago (write). I ___ two compositions this month (write / already) . I ___ my friend (ring / just) . I ___ my friend 10 minutes ago (ring) . Two days ago, I ___ a Madonna concert on TV (watch) . I ___ Madonna live in concert (see / already) . I ___ my summer holiday in Sochi last year (spend). I ___ to Sochi yet (be / not).
Ознакомьтесь с ситуациями и составьте предложения из слов в скобках, используя Past Perfect:
1) You went to Jill’s house, but she wasn’t there. (she/go/out) She had gone out.
2) You went back to your home town after many years. It was not the same as before. (it/change/a lot).
3) I invited Rachel to the party but she couldn’t come. (she/arrange/to do something else)
4) You went to the cinema last night. You arrived to the cinema late. (the film/already/begin)
5) I was very pleased to see Tim again after such a long time. (I/not/see/him for five years)
6) I offered Sue something to eat but she wasn’t hungry. (she/just/have/breakfast)
Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Past Perfect или Past Simple: John ____ the candles when she arrived (light).
2) She ____ lunch before the children came home (cook).
3) When she arrived at the theatre he ____ the tickets (buy).
4) After Jim and Terry had finished their breakfast, they ____ to fish (go).
5) The party ____ by the time I arrived (already/start).
6) She sealed the letter, put a stamp on it and _____ it (post).
Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Future Perfect: She ____ by 8 o’clock (finish). I ____ this book by next week (read). They ____ a new school by the end of this year (build). He ____ from University by 2009 (graduate). She ____ doing her homework when her mother comes home (finish).
