ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ СНИЖЕНИЯ ГОРЮЧЕСТИ ПОЛИЭТИЛЕНА

A STUDY OF THE FLAMMABILITY OF  POLYETHYLENE

МЕНДЫГАЛИЕВА А. Е./MENDYGALIYEVA A. E. – преподаватель, магистр

Аннотация

Полиэтилен высокого давления является горючим материалом. Исследование снижение горючести полиэтилена и токсичных газов при горении и дыма путем введения антипиренов.

Abstract 

High density polyethylene (HDPE) is highly flammable, and it is therefore of great scientific interest to find a way to reduce its flammability. HDPE has been shown to have an effect on the flammability of the polymer.

Keywords: polyethylene, decabromobiphenyl oxide, oxygen index, density, polymer, flammable.

Ключевые слова: полиэтилен, декабромфенилоксид, кислородный индекс, полимер

Reduced flammability and combustibility of polymers and the creation of fireproof materials, including for the cable industry - actually problem requiring urgent solutions. In many developed countries have adopted special decision on restrictions use of flammable polymeric materials construction of industrial and residential constructions, in the manufacture of aircraft, cars, electrical and electronics etc.

In the development of polymer non-combustible materials there are three main areas – synthesis base polymers, chemicals and physical modification of polymers, the use of retardants ( fire retardants ).

The aim is to study the possibility of reducing the flammability of polyethylene. The raw material is HDPE grade 11503-070, and decabromobiphenyl oxide flame retardant [3].

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Decabromobiphenyl oxide ( DBFO ) is a flame retardant thermoplastics, lastomers and thermosetting resins.

Decabromobiphenyl oxide - a white powder, boiling point 4250S, the water solubility of 0.1 g / 100 ml at 200C.

The studies were conducted in the laboratory of  Engels Technological University. The results are shown in Table 1.

Experimental results.

To determine the parameters of the processing of polymeric composite materials based on polyethylene and DBFO, processing equipment and processing conditions was evaluated in terms of the fluidity of a melt composition (MFR ) . For HDPE composite material combined with varying amounts of DBFO.

With increase DBFO content in the composite material, the fluidity of the composition decreases. According to MFR, the composition filled DBFO can be processed by injection molding.

Table 1 - Comparative characteristics of PCM based on HDPE and DBFO

The composition

Bending stress, MPa

Ultimate tensile stress, MPa

Relative elongation at break, %

Impact strength, kJ / m2

Brinell hardness, MPa

100 HDPE

15

22

195

22

32

HDPE +10 DBFO

17

14

5

18

41

HDPE + 20 DBFO

19

14

5

22

48

HDPE +30 DBFO

22

14

5

21

50

HDPE +40 DBFO

22

12

3

21

51

HDPE +50 DBFO

17

10

2

19

53

Studies have shown the complex physico - mechanical properties (Table 2) have the best indicators most samples containing 30 mass. h DBFO introduction of greater amounts of modifying agent is not advisable. So as polyethylene is a combustible material, the developed materials were examined for oxygen index method of fire, " fire tubes " and TGA. Studies have shown (Table 3) with increasing content DBFO in the composition increases the oxygen index yield of carbonized residue, reduced time self - combustion of samples and weight loss during combustion in air, which can be attributed to a class of materials designed nonflammable. However, an increase in the content of HDPE DBFO above 30 mass. h. It is not suitable, so as at a higher content of a decrease in the complex deformation and mechanical properties.

Table 2 - Physico - mechanical properties of  PCM based on polyethylene

The composition

τ, s

∆m, %

OI, %(об.)

BC at 7000С, %

100 HDPE

255

62

19

12

HDPE +10 DBFO

135

48

21

23

HDPE + 20 DBFO

135

42

22

26

HDPE +30 DBFO

125

34

24

27

HDPE +40 DBFO

120

30

24

30

HDPE +50 DBFO

100

28

25

32

Note : τ - time self - combustion of samples with ; Дm - mass loss when ignited in air, % ; OI - Oxygen Index, % ( vol. ) ;BC at 7000S - yield carbonized residue at 7000S (by TGA ) , %

REFEFENCES

1  E. M. Pearce, Y. P. Khanna and D. Raucher, in E. A. Turi (Ed.), Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials, Academic Publishers, New York, 1981, p. 793.

2 J. W. Lyons, The Chemistry and Uses of Fire Retardants, Wiley-Interscience, New York,2007, p. 293.

Резюме

В результате проведенной работы:

    определено, что ПКМ, модифицированные ДБФО, можно перерабатывать методом литья под давлением; изучено влияние ДБФО на физико-механические свойства ПКМ на основе ПЭ и ДБФО, который вводится в различном массовом соотношении в ПЭ. Наиболее высокие значения прочностных показателей наблюдаются при введении в ПЭ 30масс. ч. ДБФО; композиционные материалы на основе ПЭ и ДБФО относятся к классу трудносгораемых.