НАУЧНО-АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ
ДОМ БУРГАНОВА «ПРОСТРАНСТВО КУЛЬТУРЫ»
SCIENTIFIC AND ANALYTICAL JOURNAL
BURGANOV HOUSE «THE SPACE OF CULTURE»
2.2009
Table of Content
The Space of Culture
S. I. Orlov
Bible and «Revelation» of Ioann» in the Russian art of the beginning of the XX century 8
D. Y. Severuhin
Art lotteries in the old Saint-Petersburg 23
S. V. Kurasov
The sources of ethno design in the traditional mode
of life of primitive tribes of Papua – New Guinea 36
T. J. Melnik
«Soviet» as value: Nostalgia in beat a march 44
World of Museum
M. B. Aksenenko
Painting at the Moscow Museum of Fine Arts: the part of design of the interior or the exhibit? 59
Dialogues
I. A. Korchagina
Byzantine heritage in Venetian architecture 73
Legacy and Traditions
S. V. Tarhanova
The Floor Mosaics in the Architecture of the Churches and Synagogues
of the Early Christian Period (III-VI cc) at the territory of Palestine 83
N. A. Hachatrjan
Development of the Armenian Portrait and Hacob Hovnatanian 92
M. V. Maksak
The phenomenon of Edvard Munch’s Symbolism 109
S. V. Gorozhanina
On History of Art Workshops of the Moscow Gubernia Zemstvo in Sergiev Posad 126
D. V. Zhdanova
The Trinity Cathedral at the Pochaev Assumption Monastery:
To the Problem of Alexei Shchusev’s Church Architecture 146
E. N. Mikhaleva
The theatre in the work of Anna Akhmatova 155
V. G. Vlasov
Favorsky and VHUTEMAS 168
J. V. Morozova
About the author’s stylystic of painting by O. Savostyuk 187
Archives of Culture
T. G. Schedrina
Philosophy of culture of Gustav Shpet (On archive materials) 199
Содержание
Пространство Культуры
Библия и «Откровение» Иоанна в русском искусстве начала ХХ века 8
Художественные лотереи в старом Санкт-Петербурге 23
Истоки этнодизайна в традиционном быту примитивных племен Папуа – Новой Гвинеи 36
«Советское» как ценность: Ностальгия в ритме марша
(Опыт художественной выставки галереи «Ковчег») 44
Мир музея
Живопись в московском Музее изящных искусств:
элемент оформления интерьера или экспонат? 59
Диалоги
Византийское наследие в архитектуре Венеции 73
Наследие и традиции
Напольные мозаики в архитектуре храмов и синагог
раннехристианского периода (III-VI вв.) на территории Палестины 83
Становление армянского портрета и Акоп Овнатанян 92
О границах предмета и методе традиционного декоративно-прикладного искусства 109
Троицкий собор Почаевской Успенской лавры: к проблеме культового зодчества 126
К вопросу об авторской стилистике живописи 146
К истории художественных мастерских Московского губернского
земства в Сергиевском Посаде (1891-1917 гг.) 155
Театр в творчестве Анны Ахматовой 168
Феномен живописного символизма Эдварда Мунка 187
Архивы культуры
Философия культуры Густава Шпета (по материалам архива) 199
Заметки 202
Программа по курсу «Введение в эстетику» (1926–1929) 206
Старший научный сотрудник
НИИ Теории и истории изобразительных искусств РАХ
*****@***ru
Москва
Библия и «Откровение» Иоанна в русском искусстве начала ХХ века
Ключевые слова: Апокалипсис, «Откровение» Иоанна, Библия, Казимир Малевич, Василий Кандинский, Наталия Гончарова.
Bible and «Revelation» of Ioann» in the Russian art of the beginning of the XX century
Keywords: Apocalypse, «Revelation» of Ioann, Bible, Kazimir Malevich, Vasilij Kandinskij, Natalija Goncharova.
Summary: In the article is dedicated to the Bible and the gospel themes in works of Kazimir Malevich, Vasilij Kandinskij, Natalija Goncharova. Personal author’s position of this painters is shown in the interpretation of mythological conceptions.
Кандидат искусствоведения,
член Санкт-Петербургского Союза художников России
*****@***ru
Санкт-Петербург
Художественные лотереи в старом Санкт-Петербурге
Ключевые слова: художественные лотереи, старый Санкт-Петербург.
Art lotteries in the old Sant-Petersburg
Keywords: art lotteries, old Saint-Peterburg.
Summary: In this article the history of art lotteries held organized in Russian capital since the middle of the 18’th century till 1917 is generalized and systematized for the first time. Lottery is regarded by the author both as a part of Petersburg art market and a component of Russian charity system which increased since the end of the 18’th century. It is mentioned that lottery as a form of commercial game for the sake of profit constantly was in the sight of the government who took care about morality of the society. The legislative restrictions set by the state and city government in different periods decreased the significance of art lottery both in the market and charity spheres. It should be noted nevertheless that sometimes art lotteries were the significant events growing in the texture of Petersburg cultural history. The article is based on the documentary and literary sources and materials taken from the periodicals of the second half of the 18’th –the beginning of the 20’th century.
Кандидат искусствоведения,
проректор по учебной работе
МГХПУ им.
*****@***ru
Москва
Истоки этнодизайна в традиционном быту
примитивных племен Папуа – Новой Гвинеи
Ключевые слова: этнодизайн, Папуа – Новая Гвинея, каннибализм, материальная культура.
The sources of ethno design in the traditional mode of
life of primitive tribes of Papua – New Guinea
Keywords: ethno design, Papua-New Guinea, cannibalism, material culture, decoration of dwelling.
Summary: The article by Professor of Art Criticism, Pro-rector of the Moscow State University of Industrial and Applied Arts named after S. G.Stroganov, expert of environmental design S. V.Kurasov is devoted to the analysis of materials of the expedition to unknown tribes of Papua-New Guinea. The research in the field of ethno design deals with construction and decoration of dwellings, arms and means of labor, cloths, jewelry and also mode of life of the Papua tribes.
Соискатель кафедры теории и истории культуры РГГУ
Преподаватель МГАХУ памяти 1905 года.
*****@***ru
Москва
«Советское» как ценность: Ностальгия в ритме марша
(Опыт художественной выставки галереи «Ковчег»)
Ключевые слова: телесность, советское как ценность, советское искусство, образ толпы в искусстве, Ж. Делез «тело без органов».
«Soviet» as value: Nostalgia in beat a march
Keywords: a corporality, Soviet as value, the Soviet art, an image of crowd in art, Z. Delez «a body without bodies».
Summary: In the present article the art exhibition of the fine arts of the Soviet period is investigated as the phenomenon of modern culture which can serve as a field of social mith and representation experience. Possibility to pay attention to a variety of ways of designing of a corporality and it representation in a certain context of time, the past or the present is thus used. At the approach to the analysis cultural spaces of an exhibition the author refers to modern theories and concepts, for example, such as «a body as the text» or «the body without bodies», and considers how they work on a concrete material. A result of the spent researches of artefacts of the Soviet period should become testing to their value in cultural and intellectual context.
Заведующая отделом рукописей
ГМИИ им.
*****@***ru
Москва
Живопись в московском Музее изящных искусств:
элемент оформления интерьера или экспонат?
Ключевые слова: Музей изящных искусств при Московском университете, , живописное оформление музейных интерьеров (1912-1917) .
Painting at the Moscow Museum of Fine Arts:
the part of design of the interior or the exhibit?
Keywords: Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow, Zwetajew (Cvetaev), design of the interior of museum (1912-1917).
Summary: The article considered the project of the pictorial design of the interiors at the Moscow Museum of Fine Arts and its realization. In 1912-1917 the original painting in Museum was presented in several kinds: as a part of the architectural surroundings and as a visual aids, which are supplement the exposition of plasters. Besides, in the sculptural-architectural exposition was made some easel pictures of the modern russian artists, which have not educational nature, and some old German pictures. The research made from dokumentary sources.
Аспирант
Государственного Института Искусствознания
Научный сотрудник
Московского музея современного искусства
*****@***ru
Москва
Византийское наследие в архитектуре Венеции
Ключевые слова: Венеция, Византия, Константинополь, архитектура, античность, венецианско-византийский период, Средние века, готика, Возрождение, крестовый поход, палаццо, лоджия, полифорий, стрельчатая арка.
Byzantine heritage in Venetian architecture
Keywords: Venice, Byzantium, Constantinople, architecture, antiquity, veneto-byzantine time, Middle Ages, Gothic, Renaissance, crusade, palazzo, loggia, polifore, ogee arch.
Summary: This article is devoted to the insufficiently explored problem of the Byzantine artistic tradition`s impact on the Venetianarchitecture. Thanks to the political links with the Western Roman Empire, whose province was Venice for several centuries, the city was able to raise and develop within the traditions of great civilization, get acquainted with the antic legacy. Main monuments, illustrating the problem, are described in detail in the article. The question of the particular Venetian art periodization is also raised here, the same way as some historical aspects, promotional to the formation of the own artistic tradition of Venice, at once conservative and eclectic.
Аспирант
Государственный Институт Искусствознания
Министерства культуры РФ
*****@***ru
Москва
Напольные мозаики в архитектуре храмов и синагог
раннехристианского периода (III-VI вв.) на территории Палестины
Ключевые слова: Раннехристианские базилики Галилеи, храм в Табхе, синагога Бет Альфа, архитектура построек, техника, композиция и изобразительные мотивы мозаик.
The Floor Mosaics in the Architecture of the Churches and Synagogues
of the Early Christian Period (III-VI cc) at the territory of Palestine.
Keywords: Rannehristiansky basils of Galilee, a temple in Tabhe, asynagogue of Bet the Alpha, architecture of constructions, technics, acomposition and graphic motives of mosaics.
Summary: In the article I raise slightly examined problem of the architectural role of the fl oor mosaics in the Early Christian Basilicas, that is based at the natural investigations and analysis of the decorative compositions in the Tabgha Church (the end of the Vth c, Lower Galilee) and Bet Alpha Synagogue (beginning of the VI с, Beth Shean Valley). In contrast with the antique temples, to imagine the churches and synagogues of the Byzantine epoch without the mosaic floors –is almost impossible. Mosaic decoration is turning out in the unknown from the previous time sacral-religious space. Its role is very important in the forming of the interior: in emphasis, rhythm, direction, hierarchy of the zones, style, symbolism and so on. Thus, the aims of the mosaic are very close to the architectural ones. Genesis of the large quantity of the motifs is architectural or sculptural, that promotes the creation of the integral image of the building.
Научный сотрудник
Институт искусств Национальной АН Республики Армения
*****@***fr
Ереван
Становление армянского портрета и Акоп Овнатанян
Ключевые слова: армянский портрет, индивидуальная концепция, типология раннего портрета, синтетичный стиль, национальная художественная модель.
Development of the Armenian Portrait and Hacob Hovnatanian
Keywords: Armenian Portrait, Individual Conception, Typology of the early portrait, Synthetically Style, National Artistic Model.
Summary: In the first half of the 19th century, the portrait was the only genre through which Armenian painting entered the Modern Age. It reached its full development in the works of Hacob Hovnatanian Jr (1806 – 1881). Descended from an ancient Hovnatianian dynasty, this artist played a crucial role in introducing a new secular tradition. The paintings of the master mark the transition from medieval creative impersonality to a recognizable personal style. The art of Hovnatanian synthesizes three main features: Armenian (as well as Tifl isian), Eastern (especially Iranian) and Western (including Russian). He managed to create a style corresponding to traditional Tifl isian synthesizing culture. Focusing the artistic trends of his time, his art is not limited to transitional issues. Moving towards a new creative method, he came to first personal artistic conception. Hakob Hovnatanian is the fi rst Armenian painter of the Modern Age tobring about a type of movement – the first national artistic model.
Старший научный сотрудник
ГУК МГМ «Дом Бурганова»
*****@***ru
Москва
Феномен живописного символизма Эдварда Мунка
Ключевые слова: Эдвард Мунк, символизм, символический смысл, экзистенциальный символизм, экзистенциальная эмоция.
The phenomenon of Edvard Munch’s Symbolism
Keywords: Edvard Munch, symbolism, symbolist meaning, existential symbolism, existential emotion.
Summary: The article shows how the art historian’s notions of Edvard Munch Art have being developed from the end of 19th century till our days. Munch’s place in the history of Art is determined to be an immediate predecessor of expressionism and creator of new type of Symbolism: existential, introspective, psychological symbolism with strong expressionistic component. Personal, universal, decadent and philosophy meanings of Munch’s images are identified in the article. Style of Munch’ Symbolism is considered. Peculiarities of symbol, method of symbolization, special pictorial signs elaborated by the artist are highlighted in the article. The research is based on Munch’s autobiographical texts and all the existing Western literature on Munch art.
Научно-исследовательского института теории
и истории изобразительного искусства РАХ
*****@***com
Москва
К истории художественных мастерских Московского губернского
земства в Сергиевском Посаде (1891-1917 гг.)
Ключевые слова: народные промыслы, земские мастерские, игрушки Сергиева Посада, художественное образование.
On History of Art Workshops of the Moscow Gubernia Zemstvo in Sergiev Posad
Keywords: national crafts, земские workshops, toys of Sergiev Posad, an art education.
Summary: There are dedicated to history of the educational toy and joiner’s workshops of the Moscow Gubernia Zemstvo (1891 – 1917), which were organized in Sergiev Posad – a major center of toy production in Russia in the article of S. Gorozhanina. The article deals with the main aspects of the workshops activity based on the ideas of revival of Russian art within the stylistic trend of artistic process in the late 19th – early 20th century. The author describes the circle of the famous professional artists, including S. V. Malutin, A. M. Vasnetsov, V. I. Sokolov, participating in the formation of education and production process, and determines the place and significance of the Zemstvo Workshops in artistic life of Russia.
Заведующая сектором истории архитектуры ХХ века
Государственного музей архитектуры имени
*****@***ru
Москва
Троицкий собор Почаевской Успенской лавры: к проблеме культового зодчества
Ключевые слова: культовое зодчество ; неорусский стиль; архитектура модерна; украинская храмовая архитектура; художник .
The Trinity Cathedral at the Pochaev Assumption Monastery: To the Problem of Alexei Shchusev’s Church Architecture
Keywords: Alexei Shchusev’s church architecture; Neo-Russian style; Art Nouveau architecture; Ukrainian church architecture; artist Nikolaj Rerich.
Summary: The article examines the history of the design and construction of the Trinity Cathedral at the Pochaev Monastery by architect Alexei Shchusev in 1905-1912. The Trinity Cathedral marked an important stage in the architect’s professional development, which promoted the formation of the master’s individual style and the elaboration of a new creative concept in Art Nouveau architecture. An analysis of Shchusev’s work on the Pochaev commission conclusively shows that the process of searching for authentic architectural forms and artistic solutions and the creation of a needed form for the cathedral amassed in itself the idealistic and artistic quest of the Russian Art Nouveau. The results demonstratedт the possibility of a Neo-Russian style as a new style of national architecture.
Аспирантка
Литературного института им.
*****@***ru
Москва
Театр в творчестве Анны Ахматовой
Ключевые слова: , театр, драма, либретто, , ;
The theatre in the work of Anna Akhmatova
Keywords: Anna Akhmatova, theatre, drama, dramatic work, libretto, Nikolay Gumilev, Alexander Blok.
Summary: Dramatic works of Anna Akhmatova (libretto «1913» on the first part of «Poem without a hero», tragedy «Prologue» and screenplay «A pilot, or Blind mother») is directly related to her special mentality, the dramatism of her lyric work and the poet’s need to reflect on her epoch. These creative quests of Anna Akhmatova correlate with quests of poets-contemporaries – Nikolay Gumilev, Alexander Blok, Marina Tsvetaeva. Dramatic works of Anna Akhmatova show us a new side of her work. And it helps to study the work of Anna Ahmatova more completely.
Кандидат искусствоведения, доцент
Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета,
кафедра истории русского искусства
*****@***ru
Санкт-Петербург.
Фаворский и Вхутемас
Ключевые слова: графика, композиция, конструкция, преподавание, пропедевтика.
Favorsky and VHUTEMAS
Keywords: graphic, composition, construction, teaching, propedeutika.
Summary: In the article examines activity Moscow VHUTEMAS in the period of rector V. Favorsky (1923-1925). At this time realizes succession between traditions of Russian academic school and arouse avant-garde art.
Консультант искусствовед
художник»
Москва
К вопросу об авторской стилистике живописи
Ключевые слова: живопись Савостюка, стиль Савостюка, народные традиции, лубок, бумажная роза, пространство живописи.
About the author’s stylystic of painting by O. Savostyuk
Keywords: paintings by O. Savostyuk; style of O. Savostyuk; folk traditions; lubok (cheap popular print); a paper rose; space of painting;
Summary: Main quality of Savostyuk’s manner is its seeming simplicity and sincerity. His sincerity disguises the complicated compositions, variety of layouts and peculiar elements of a setup, which go back to the tasks of a poster. The basis of his paintings is the traditions of the Moscow painting dated the beginning of the XX-th century accumulating impressionism, postimpressionism, the Russian lubok and icons. The works by Savostyuk comprises various artistic cultures and stylistics, such as realism, avant-garde and symbolism. Nevertheless the works by Savostyuk are the original events manifesting the great personality.
Доктор философских наук,
Профессор Московского педагогического
государственного университета (МПГУ)
*****@***ru
Москва
Философия культуры Густава Шпета (по материалам архива)
Ключевые слова: Густав Шпет, культурно-исторический подход, философия культуры, эстетика, архив эпохи, искусствознание.
Philosophy of culture of Gustav Shpet (On archive materials)
Keywords: Gustav Shpet, cultural-historical approach, philosophy of culture, aesthetics, archives of epoch, theory of arts.
Summary: Gustav Gustavovich Shpet (1879-1937) was a great Russian philosopher, psychologist and theorist of culture. He was a pioneer in cultural-historical approach in Russia. His works on philosophical issues in culture are widely known among humanists. Like many of his contemporaries, Shpet could not express and publish all his ideas due to objective reasons, which makes it even more interesting to explore his archives that include sketches, drafts and unfinished articles and methodological issues of human sciences. His archives contains relevant ideas concerning the problems of studying cultural-historical phenomena (art, literature, poetry, etc.) that can serve as a ‘tuning-fork’ in present-day discussions. In the preface T. G. Shchedrina analyses the main conceptual attitudes of G. Shpet taking into account the historical and cultural situation that existed in the 1920s and specifies the features of the reconstructed archival text that differs from the publication.
