Перевод

Материалы и упражнения

Урок проводится в ретроинтерактивном кабинете с использованием интернета и бумажных носителей информации.

Вводная часть

Что такое перевод? What is translation?

Кто такой переводчик? What is an interpreter/translator? What does an interpreter/translator do?

Какие существуют виды переводов? What are types of translation?

Поиск ответов на вопросы осуществляется с помощью интернета и книг в ретроинтерактивном кабинете на русском и английском языках.

В ходе работы отрабатываются навыки поиска, комбинирования и структуризации необходимой информации на  русском и английском языке.

Text 1

The Trouble with Translation

The words of one language seldom mean the same as the words of another. Take the Russian “Ja govorila.” It can be translated into English as “I said.” But the meanings are not exactly the same. The verb govorila tells a Russian speaker that “I” is a female, and that “I” spoke more than once or hadn’t finished speaking. Neither of these meanings is carried by the English words.

In some cases, the same word may not have the same meaning in two different languages. English borrowed the word sputnik from Russian. It means “artificial satellite.” But in Russian, the word also means “fellow-traveler” and “guide.” So sputnik in English does not mean the same as sputnik in Russian.

So, a translation tries to transfer meanings from one language to another.

Text 2

What is the difference between a translator and an interpreter?

НЕ нашли? Не то? Что вы ищете?

Interpreters and translators perform similar tasks, but in different settings. While an interpreter converts any spoken material from one language (the source language) into a different language (the target language), a translator converts written material in the same manner.

Interpreting can occur in a variety of settings, such as conferences, meetings and over the telephone, and can take the form of either simultaneous (performed as the speaker delivers a speech act with the help of interpreting equipment) or consecutive (the interpreter listens to portions of a speech at a time, then interprets the segments as the original speaker is silent).

Translation can also occur in various settings. Translation can occur on any form of written work, including literature, newspapers, contracts, software interfaces, and web sites.

Text 3

Types of interpreter

Interpreting can be carried out in person, by telephone or via video conferencing and internet-based technologies.

There are several types of interpreting.

    Simultaneous interpretation: working in a team at a conference or large meeting, the interpreter sits in a soundproof booth (there are separate booths for each conference language) and immediately converts what is being said, so listeners hear the interpretation through an earpiece while the speaker is still speaking. A variation of this is whispering, where the interpreter sits near one person or a small group and whispers the translation as the speaker carries on. Sign language interpreting is also usually simultaneous. Interpreters typically take turns of about 30 minutes as it demands such high levels of concentration. Consecutive interpretation: more common in smaller meetings and discussions, the speaker will pause after each sentence or point and wait while the interpreter translates what is being said into the appropriate language. Liaison interpretation: also known as ad hoc, this is a type of two-way interpreting, where the interpreter translates every few sentences while the speaker pauses. This is common in telephone interpreting as well as in legal and health situations. The interpreter supports people who are not fluent in the language to ensure their understanding.

Упражнения

a) последовательный перевод текста по цепочке с английского на русский;

b) последовательный перевод предложений на основе текста с русского на английский

с) упражнение «перевод-диктовка». Учащиеся письменно
переводят на русский язык английские фразы, каждая из которых
зачитывается один раз;

d) письменный перевод звукозаписи (текст дается в записи мужскими и женскими голосами);

e) упражнение со словами: зачитывается ряд слов, первоначально 3-4 (топонимы, животные) на русском и английском языках;

f) учащимся предлагается список слов и словосочетаний на русском языке, которые следует заменить синонимами или описательными оборотами на русском языке.