Контрольная работа

Студенты, чьи фамилии начинаются на буквы А - М, выполняют Вариант 1. Студенты, чьи фамилии начинаются на буквы Н - Я, выполняют Вариант 2.

Контрольная работа

Вариант 1

Задание 1. Переведите письменно следующий текст:

JUDGES

The judge is the presiding officer of the court. The statutory basis for the appointment of judges dates from the Act of Settlement 17001.

Judges are not themselves a separate profession: they are barristers who have been elevated to the bench2, itself a name derived from the part of the Court where they sit.

The judge decides the interpretation of the law. After all the evidence has been given the judge summarizes the case, both law and facts, for the jury. This is called his summing up.

Judges cannot be removed from office on account of political considerations – the independence of the judiciary is, at least theoretically, guaranteed.

The professional judges, «High Court Judges», deal with the most serious crimes. They are paid salaries by the state. Alongside with professional judges there are unpaid judges. They are called «Magistrates» or «Justices of the Peace» (JPs)3. They are ordinary citizens who are selected not because they have any legal training but because they have «sound common sense4» and understanding of their fellow human beings. They give up their time voluntarily.

Magistrates are selected by special committees in every town and district. Nobody, not even the Magistrates themselves, knows who is on the special committee in their area. The committee tries to draw Magistrates from different professions and social classes.

The work of the Magistrates’ Courts5 throughout the country depends on the unpaid services of JPs.

Задание 2. Перепишите следующие предложения, раскрывая скобки. Переведите предложения письменно.

1. The suspect … just (has questioned / has been questioned) …by the police.

2. The magistrate … already (has committed / has been committed) … the case to the Crown court.

3. All the evidence (had collected / had been collected ) against the accused by the beginning of the trial.

4. The accused (has appealed / has been appealed) against the conviction and the severity of the sentence.

5. The defendant (has been presented / has presented) by a famous barrister.

6. The court … just (has been released / has released) … the accused.

7. The magistrate … just (has decided / has been decided) there is enough evidence to answer a case.

8. The jury … just (has been found / has found) the accused guilty.

Задание 3. Заполните пропуски правильной видовременной формой глагола. Перепишите и переведите предложения.

1. Dangerous driving … in the 1. had tried

magistrates’ court this week.

2. The court … this offence on 2. will have been tried

indictment because it’s serious.33

Friday this case … 3. has been tried

4. When we came, the case of arson … 4. has tried

5. The court … the case by last May. 5. had been tried

6. The magistrate … these minor 6. will have tried

offencessummarily.

Задание 4. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) According to English law, people are innocent until they are proved guilty.

2) A burglar alarm has been installed in the apartment.

3) This event is being reported about in all newspapers.

4) A number of measures to strengthen the criminal justice system had already been taken by the beginning of the year

5) The convicted was taken to prison after his appeal had been rejected by the higher court.

6) He knew groundless charges were being made against him.

7) By Sunday the article will have been published in the newspaper.

8) The case was being prepared for the trial when the investigator was given some new material

Задание 5. Переведите на русский язык  и подчеркните модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

1. A broad democratic alliance must be built.

2. The sitting is to take place in 10 Downing Street.

3. They should participate in the movement aiming to bring about fundamental change.

4. Liberals couldn’t prevent the establishment of the Labour party.

5. Each constituency is able to elect only one member to Parliament.

6. It was his day off, so he didn’t have to be at work, but he had to do a lot at home.

Задание 6. Вставьте в пропуски  правильное название суда.

Most litigation in the US occurs in __________ courts. The _________ Court was created by the Constitution, all other _______ courts were created by Congress. Cases are primarily heard in the courts of __________ jurisdiction. At the bottom of the system of American courts are __________ courts. In the middle there are _________. To appeal means to take a case to a ________ court. They review cases that have been decided in _______ courts.

Вариант 2

Задание 1. Переведите письменно следующий текст:

What is a Crime

Crime is a term that refers to misconduct forbidden by law. Murder – also called homicide – is a crime in all countries. Other crimes include: stealing a car, resisting arrest, possessing or selling illegal drugs, appearing nude on a public street, driving while under the influence of alcohol, and robbing a bank.

The list of acts considered crimes is constantly changing. Today, it is becoming a serious crime to pollute the air and water. Pollution caused few problems and received little attention in preindustrial times.

From a legal standpoint, a crime is a violation of the criminal ch law deals with actions considered harmful to society. On the other hand, most harmful acts causing injury to another person are violations of the civil law. Some overlapping occurs in this classification. For example, murder and rape are committed against individuals, but the law considers them crimes because they threaten society. For this reason, a crime is regarded as an offence against the state.

An act is viewed as a crime if enough evidence exists to make a police officer, a prosecutor, or a judge believe that a violation of criminal law has taken place.

Задание 2. Перепишите следующие предложения, раскрывая скобки. Переведите предложения письменно.

1. Manyorganizations…(have been started / have started) the campaigns against smoking.

2. Crime prevention programs … (have launched / have been launched) by the law enforcement bodies this year.

the end of this year smoking … (will have prohibited / will have been prohibited) in all offices and institutions.

4. He registered his handgun as soon as he … (had bought / had been bought) it.

5. The program ‘neighborhood watch’ … (will have been begun / will have begun) by the beginning of the next month.

6. Public … (has supported / has been supported) the program of crime prevention.

7. The sentence … (has been limited / has limited) to imposing a fine of 3,000 pounds.

8. As there … (had been collected / had collected) enough evidence, the court sent the accused for trial by jury.

Задание 3.Заполните пропуски правильной видо-временной формой глагола. Перепишите и переведите предложения.

1. The sentence … just 1. will have passed

2. The sentence … by next Friday. 2. has been passed

3. The judge … the sentence of 2-year 3. had been passed

imprisonment.

4. The sentence … when we came. 4. has passed

5. The court … the judgement on

Probation by last Thursday. 5. had passed

6. The court … the sentence by next

Tuesday.

6. will have been passed

Задание 4. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму и залог глагола – сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) Thousandsoffraudsare committed every year.

2) This grammar rule is being discussed at the lesson today.

3) The case has been investigated successfully.

4) Different kinds of offences were reflected in Crime Statistics

5) A great part of work is devoted to finding missing or wanted persons.

6) The guilt of the suspect has been proved by the investigating officers.

Задание 5. Переведите предложения из активного залога в пассивный.

1. The porter will bring your luggage to your room.

2. You may leave your hat and coat in the cloak-room downstairs.

3. From the station we will take them straight to the hotel.

4. At the station a man from the travel bureau will meet her.

5. She will meet us in the hall upstairs.

Задание 6. Вставьте в пропуски  правильное название суда.

The most common type of Law Court in Great Britain is the (a)__________ court. More serious criminal cases then go to (b)________ court. Civil cases are dealt with in (c) __________ courts. Appeals are heard by (d)__________ courts. The highest court of appeal in England and Wales is (e)________. Certain cases may be referred to (f)________ in Luxembourg.

The legal system also includes (g)__________ courts (which deal with offenders under 17) and (h)_________ courts (which investigate violent, sudden or unnatural death). There are also administrative (i)________ which deal with professional standards, disputes between individuals, and disputes between individuals and government departments.

ВОПРОСЫ К ЭКЗАМЕНУ  ПО ДИСЦИПЛИНЕ

«Английский язык»

2. How have laws changed since primeval times?

3. What is one of the principle sources of law?

4. What regulates the relations between people?

5. What are the differences between descriptive and prescriptive laws?

6. What two main groups do laws fall into?

7. What does expression “unwritten law” mean?

8. What are the main two categories of law?

9. What are the objectives of criminal law?

10. What are the aspects of civil law?

Criminal law/Уголовное право

What is the subject of criminal law? What is a crime? What two main groups of crimes do you know? What do most crimes consist of? How are crimes classified?  Name some serious crimes. What are felonies? Who initiates a criminal case? What is required from a prosecutor?

Llitigation/Судопроизводство

1. Who initiates a civil case?

2. How do they call parties in a civil case?

3.  What is the complaint?

4. What do judges deal with?

5. What's the main court's mission?

6. What do you know about court proceedings?'

7.What alternatives to civil litigation do you know?

Civil law. Torts/Гражданское право. Деликтное право

1. What are the two objectives of tort law?

2. For what offences is a fine imposed?

Legal education  / Юридическое образование

What subjects do you study at the Law Faculty?' The profession of a lawyer is quite diversified, isn’t it? Where can one work after graduating from the Law faculty? What problems do lawyers have to solve? What are lawyer's duties? On what principles is justice exercised in this country?

People in law / Юридическая профессия

What is the court system dependent upon? What are the two kinds of lawyers in England? What matters does a solicitor deal with? What is almost unique about the English legal system? What are barristers experts in? When must you have a barrister? What reasons are there for saying a barrister is rather remote?   How do you qualify as a barrister? When can a barrister be called to the Bar? How do you qualify as a solicitor? In what courts does a solicitor have the right to speak? What is the governing body of solicitors/ barristers? What kind of problems does a solicitor deal with? Are judges themselves a separate profession?

Courts/Суды

What is the lowest court in England? What is the Supreme judicial body in Great Britain? Who can appoint a judge in Great Britain? What is one of the Lord Chancellor’s duties? Are magistrates paid salaries? How do you classify English courts according to their jurisdictions? What types of courts do you know? Who is responsible for making laws in the US? Can you name American courts in the descending order?   In what way are the federal courts organized? Where does litigation begin in the USA/England? What are the functions of the Supreme Court of the USA? Who does the Supreme Court consist of? How long do the Supreme Court Justices serve? Are the Supreme Court Justices elected? Who can change the decisions of the Supreme Court? In what kinds of cases does the Supreme Court have direct jurisdiction?