3.2 Вариант 1
3.2 Вариант 1
3.2.1 Прочтите и устно переведите текст.
MINING
Mining is the process of extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an ore body, coal seam. (1) Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock salt and potash. (2) Any material that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or created artificially in a laboratory or factory, is usually mined. (3) Mining in a wider sense comprises extraction of any non-renewable resource (e. g., petroleum, natural gas, or even water).
(4) Mining of stone and metal has been done since pre-historic times. (5) Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials and finally reclamation of the land to prepare it for other uses once the mine is closed.(6) The nature of mining processes creates a potential negative impact on the environment not only during the mining operations, but for years after the mine is closed. (7)This impact has led to most of the world's nations adopting regulations to moderate the negative effects of mining operations. Safety has long been a concern. (8) Modern practices have improved safety in mines significantly, thus mining today is able to profitably and safely recover minerals with little negative impact to the environment.
3.2.2 Перепишите предложения 1, 3, 4, 5, 7. В каждом предложении выпишите сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Предложения переведите.
3.2.3 Выпишите причастие из предложений 1, 5, 7.
3.2.4 Выпишите предложения под номером 2, 6, 8. Укажите главное и придаточное предложения. Предложения переведите на русский язык.
3.2.5 Ответьте на вопросы к тексту письменно.
1. What is mining?
2. When did the mining of stone and metal begin?
3. When does the nature of mining processes create a negative impact on the environment?
4. What do the modern mining processes involve?
5. What material is usually mined?
3.2.6 Подберите определения к следующим терминам.
1.mining | a) a hard sedimentary rock, composed mainly of calcium carbonate or dolomite, used as building material and in the making of cement |
2.potash | b) is a white powder obtained from the ashes of burnt wood and is sometimes used as a fertilizer |
3.oil shale | c) is the process of extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an ore body, coal seam |
4.limestone | sedimentary rock from which oil can be extracted |
5.petroleum | a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons which is present in suitable rock strata and can be extracted and refined to produce fuels including petrol, paraffin, and diesel oil; oil |
