Задание

Text  D. I. MENDELEYEV

1. D. I. Mendeleyev, the great Russian chemist, was born in Siberia on February 8, 1834. At the age of seven he went to gymnasium at Tobolsk. He studied very hard, and especially liked mathematics, physics and history. At the age of 16 he entered the Pedagogical Institute in St. Petersburg, physico-mathematical department. He graduated from the Institute in 1855 and began to teach chemistry at the Technological Institute and then at the University. In 1865 Mendeleyev was granted the Doctor of Science degree for the thesis on the combination of alcohol with water. This work was both of great theoretical and practical significance. Soon after that D. I. Mendeleyev was appointed Professor of General Chemistry of St. Petersburg University. Despite lectures and supervision of the laboratory, D. I. Mendeleyev carried out great research work.

2. Mendeleyev’s greatest discovery was the Periodic Law. The Periodic Law suggested by Mendeleyev stated that the properties of the elements were a periodic function of their atomic masses. He presented this work to the Russian Chemical Society. Mendeleyev’s Periodic Law opened a new era in the history of chemistry.

3. Mendeleyev worked in many branches of science, indeed there is hardly any field of science that he did not make his contribution. His numerous works dealt with many subjects: properties of liquids, theories of solutions, the development of the gas law, the use of oil and many others.

4. D. I. Mendeleyev was a great patriot. He did everything for the development and progress of his country. D. I. Mendeleyev continued his research work to the very last day of his life. He died in 1907.

5. The world is thankful to Mendeleyev for his great contribution to the world science. At present there is hardly anybody who knows nothing about this Russian scientist and his Periodic Law. We are proud of D. I. Mendeleyev who did so much for his country, for the development of the world science.

Задания к тексту  D. I. MENDELEYEV

I.        Задания для общего ознакомления с текстом.

a) Прочтите текст про себя, не останавливаясь на трудных для понимания местах. Ответьте на следующие вопросы на русском языке.

Где учился и работал Менделеев? Какой закон он открыл? Кто продолжил его работу?

II.        Задания для точного понимания значения слов и групп слов.

a) Дайте однокоренные слова на русском языке следующим интернациональным словам.

Chemist, Siberia, gymnasium, pedagogical, technological, combination, alcohol, periodic, function, atomic, mass, era, contribution, patriot, progress.

b) Переведите следующие слова на русский язык. Если не знаете слово, найдите его значение в словаре.

Especially, to enter, to graduate from, degree, thesis, significance, to carry out, research, property, society, in the branch of, almost, to be proud of, thankful.

c) Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения предлогов.

For some years I lived abroad. 2) His work was a great surprise for scientists all over the world. 3) She didn’t answer the question for she was not ready for the lesson. 4) As the time passes, mechanisms become more complex. 5) There are two kinds of transformations known as physical and chemical. 6)As he is busy now, he will not do this work in time. 7) I haven’t seen him since my last vacations. 8) Since the Moon is the nearest body to the Earth we know much about it. 9) How much time has passed since Popov invented radio? 10) It takes less time to travel by air than by train. 11) He occupies the place by the window. 12) They had finished the experiment by 8 o’clock.

f) Заполните пропуски неопределенными местоимениями по смыслу. Предложения переведите.

There are … methods which we can use in our work. Do you know … about this phenomenon? – No, I know … about it. Are there … new instruments in your lab? – Yes, there are … . If you don’t know the answer, ask … to help you. I usually spend my vacations … in the country. The problem was so difficult that … solved it. He didn’t ask … to show him the way.

g) Раскройте скобки, обращая внимание на производные местоимения.

Has (кто-нибудь) in this group a dictionary? 2) There is (кто-то) in the next room. 3) Did you see him (где-нибудь)? 4) We met them (каждый) day. 5)Take (любую) book you like. 6) Is there (кто-нибудь) who knows English? 7) Will you go (куда-нибудь) in summer? 8) I think there is (никого) in the office now.

h) Раскройте скобки, обращая внимание на количественные местоимения.

Please, don’t ask me (много) questions. 2) How (много) money have you got? 3) I don’t like (много) sugar in my tea. 4) (Многие) of my friends are preparing for their exam now. 5) I have (немного) free time.6) She eats (мало) bread. 7) He always has (много) work to do.

i) Переведите предложения.

В стакане есть немного молока. 2) У них очень мало друзей. 3) Я провожу каждую свободную минуту у компьютера. 4) Никто не знает правды. 5) Ты можешь взять эту книгу в любой библиотеке. 6) Кто-нибудь может провести этот опыт? 7) У нее мало информации об этом явлении.