Английский язык (стр. 4 )

5. ___ lunch already? — No, not yet. The waitress _____my order fifteen minutes ago and ___ me anything yet.

a)  have you, took, has not brought

b)  have you had, took, has not brought

c)  did you have, has taken, did not bring

d)  have you have, was taken, was not brought

VIII. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the Present Perfect Continuous Tense or the Present Perfect Tense.

1. I (try) to get into contact with them for a long time, but now I (give) it up as hopeless. 2. My shortsighted uncle (lose) his spectacles. We (look) for them everywhere but we can't find them. 3. She (be) of great help to us since she (live) for such a long time with us. 4. You ever (work) as interpreter? — Yes, that is what I (do) for the last five months. 5. They (make up) their quarrel? — I don't know. I only know that they (not be) on speaking terms since September. 6. Our pilot (ask) for permission to take off for ten minutes already, but he (get) no answer yet. 7. A skilful photographer (help) me with the development of summer films for two weeks, but we (develop) only half of them. 8. I (know) them since we met at Ann's party. 9. You (open) the door at last. I (ring) for an hour at least, it seems to me. 10. Look, the typist (talk) all the time, she already (miss) several words.

IX. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the proper tense, either the Present Continuous or the Present Perfect Continuous Tense.

1. Don't come in. He (take) an exam. He (take) his exam for half an hour already. 2. Where are the children? — They (play volleyball). They (play volleyball) since two o'clock. 3. I (learn) to type for a month and can say that my typing (improve). 4. Nick (come) round to see us tonight. 5. He (stay) at his sister's for six weeks. He (try) to find a flat to live in. 6. We can't dance as my father (work) in the study. He (prepare) a report. He (write) it for the whole day. 7. Do you see what the child (do) with your hat? Take it from him. 8. They still (discuss) the article? But they (do) it since twelve o'clock! 9. The prices (go up). They (rise) since 19What a strong wind (blow)! It (blow) since yesterday.

X. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the proper tense (the Present Indefinite, the Present Continuous, the Present Perfect Continuous or the Present Perfect Tense).

I. It (snow) steadily the whole week and it still (snow). 2. We (climb) for six hours already, but we (not reach) the top of the mountain yet. 3. The pain already (go) but the child still (cry). 4. The workers (work) very hard these two weeks, they (be) busy with the interior decoration of the house. 5. He (solve) the crossword puzzle for an hour and he (say) he (be) about to solve it as he (think) over the last word. 6. He (work) at the language all the time and (make) great progress. His pronunciation (be) rather good, only a slight accent (remain). 7. He (finish) the first part of his book and now he (write) the second. He (work) at his book for two years. 8. Dustin Hoffman, who (play) the hero, (give) a fine performance. 9. Why your hair (be) wet? You (swim)? 10. Doctors and scientists (show) recently the benefit of fish in the diet.

XI. Open the brackets and use either the Future Indefinite or the Present Continuous Tense.

1. No, I (not eat) meat any more. I am a vegetarian. 2. What's wrong? — I've got a flat tyre. — No problem. I (help) you. 3. The forecast says it (rain). 4. You (air) the room? — Certainly. 5. Nick, my TV set is again out of order. — O. K. I (fix) it. 6. What you (do) this evening? 7. Lucy (not go) anywhere this summer. Her son (go) to college. 8. I (give) you another piece of cake? — No, thanks, that (do). 9. You (help) me with this bag? 10. I (send) the letter? 11. I am afraid, it (be) difficult for you to stay there so long. 12. Where we (meet)? Victoria Station (be) all right? 13. In the 21st century people (fly) to Mars and other planets. 14. I (go) to the country for the weekend. — I (go) with you. 15. You (turn down) the radio, please?

XII Translate the following text:

Management in the 21 century

Management in all business and human organization activity is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources.

21st century

In the 21st century observers find it increasingly difficult to subdivide management into functional categories in this way. More and more processes simultaneously involve several categories. Instead, one tends to think in terms of the various processes, tasks, and objects subject to management.

Branches of management theory also exist relating to nonprofits and to government: such as public administration, public management, and educational management. Further, management programs related to civil-society organizations have also spawned programs in nonprofit management and social entrepreneurship.

Note that many of the assumptions made by management have come under attack from business ethics viewpoints, critical management studies, and anti-corporate activism.

As one consequence, workplace democracy has become both more common, and more advocated, in some places distributing all management functions among the workers, each of whom takes on a portion of the work. However, these models predate any current political issue, and may occur more naturally than does a command hierarchy. All management to some degree embraces democratic principles in that in the long term workers must give majority support to management; otherwise they leave to find other work, or go on strike. Despite the move toward workplace democracy, command-and-control organization structures remain commonplace and the de facto organization structure. Indeed, the entrenched nature of command-and-control can be seen in the way that recent layoffs have been conducted with management ranks affected far less than employees at the lower levels of organizations. In some cases, management has even rewarded itself with bonuses when lower level employees have been laid off.

1. What is “management”?

2. What are the main features of management in the 21-st century?

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 2

Вариант 2

1.  Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Выделите причастия и определите их функции.

1. Leaving the cinema the people were talking about the film. 2. He stayed in St. Petersburg visiting his friends and going to museums. 3. Walking slowly along the street he met a friend of his. 4. There were many people standing at the bus stop. 5. We took a bus running in the direction of the mountains. 6. This is the road leading to our village. 7. The article translated by Jack is very interesting. 8. Hearing these words she ran out of the room. 9. Ar­riving in Moscow, the tourists went to a hotel. 10. When asked he brought the papers.

2. Измените структуру следующих предложений в соответ­ствии с образцами. Переведите предложения.

Образец: The boy who is playing there is my son. - The boy playing there is my son.

1. The man who is standing at the entrance is our guide. 2. The students who are learning English will visit England at the end of the term. 3. I took the train which was leaving for Moscow.

Образец: When I was going home, I met my old friend. - (While/when) going home I met my old friend.

When I was spending my summer holidays in the students' camp I played football very often. 2. When she was leaving Moscow she sent me a message. 3. When I was staying in Suzdal I went to see some of my friends living there.

Образец: The story, which was told by the teacher, was long. - The story told by the teacher was long.

1. The letters which are sent today from here to London will arrive there in five days. 2. Cities and towns, which were destroyed during the war, were built anew 3. We are proud of the leisure facilities which were added a month ago.

3. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Студенты, изучающие английский язык, скоро поедут в Лондон. 2. Вы знаете эту улыбающуюся девушку? 3. Мы сидели в фойе, ожидая нашего гида. 4. Читая газеты, мы узнаем многое о жизни и людях в разных странах. 5. Туроператор ответил на все вопросы, заданные клиентами.

4. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот.

1. I couldn't give you a call, with my telephone being out of order. 2. The concert was followed by a dance, many people staying for it. 3. My wife having left for several days on vacation, I had to run the house. 4. The performance being over, everybody went home. 5. The tourists were walking along the streets, with the guide explaining the history of the town.

5. Переведите следующие предложения, определяя функцию герундия.

1. I think of spending my next summer holidays in the Crimea. 2. Everybody was surprised at seeing Mr. Ray so early. 3. We did not succeed in getting tickets for the last train. 4. On learning that my friend was ill I went to see him at once. 5. There was little hope of getting confirmation. 6. Swimming in hot weather is always pleasant. 7. When will you finish reading this brochure? 8. Before leaving for London I'll let you know. 9. After receiving the keys the customers thanked the receptionist. 10. This local museum is worth seeing.

6. Замените инфинитивы, данные в скобках, соответствующими формами герундия. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I like the idea of (to organize) a swimming contest. 2. Are you fond of (to play) tennis? 3. There is no chance of (to get) tickets for this cruise. 4. I think of (to take part) in the forthcoming conference. 5. We had much difficulty in (to translate) the article. 6. I was afraid of (to be late) for the plane. 7. I remember (to tell) them about it. 8. Do you mind my (to leave) you for a moment? 9. I don't mind (to gather) at Peter's place tomorrow. 10. This hotel is not worth (to stay at).

7. Замените придаточное предложение герундиальным оборотом, используя данные в скобках предлоги.

Образец: When I came home, I called him up (on). - On coming home I called him up.

1. When he entered the room, he greeted everybody (on). 2. Before we go to the club we often call for them (before). 3. You can improve your pronunciation if you work at it regularly (by). 4. When he received the prize, he left the town (on). 5. You will never know English well unless you learn grammar (with­out). 6. While you were reading the text, you made a few sound mistakes (in). 7. Before I go to bed I usually listen to the latest news (before). 8. The hero helped the poor because he gave them food and shelter (by). 9. We arrived at the station, we saw that the train had left (on). 10. The students developed their speaking skills because they constantly practised their English (through).

8. Переведите слова, данные в скобках, употребляя герундий.

1. Do you mind my (курение) here? 2. Leonid is against (чтобы оставаться) there long. 3. I am afraid of (cтрелять). 4. (Гулять) in such weather is very pleasant. 5. We enjoyed (читая) this book. 6. They do not mind (пойти) to the cinema now. 7. I remember (видеть) that film. 8. Our students think of (поехать) to the country next Sunday. 9. Let's go on (работать) at this problem. 10. Will you stop (говорить, болтать)?

9. Change the following sentences into the Passive Voice using the Indefinite Tenses (give two forms where possible).

A) Example: Tom gave her a book. — She was given a book. The book was given to her.

1. We request the passengers leaving for London to register. 2. The manager will sign contracts tomorrow.3. She will make a new discovery soon. 4. Steve will make a report at the conference. 5. They play tennis all year round. 6. The manager offers me several jobs. 7. They will promise you much, but don't imagine they will give you everything 8. They will give me a leave in July if there is no urgent work. 9. The Spanish government offered Columbus three ships. 10. They usually send their children to camp for summer.

В) Pay attention to pre­positions

Example: She looks after him well. — He is well looked after (by her).

1. He did not touch upon this question unfortunately. 2. They agreed upon Monday as the most suitable day. 3. He referred to very interesting plans. 4. They listened to our conversation very attentively. 5. I think they will wait for us only in a week. 6. Nobody took notice of his late arrival. 7. We looked through all the advertisements very attentively. 8. People will talk much about the successful performance of the young actress. 9. She sent them for a taxi. 10. Everybody looked at her new dress with interest.

С) Using the Continuous Tenses

Example: They are solving a difficult problem now. — The problem is being solved поw.

1. Don't come in! The professor is examining students. 2. Can I read the article? — No, the secretary is typing it. 3. We had to hurry. They were waiting for us. 4. It was noisy. Nobody was listening to him. 5. Does he realize that they are laughing at him? 6. Look at this man. I think he is following us. 7. Listen carefully! He is giving a very interesting talk. 8. The waiter is serving us rather fast. 9. The secretary was looking through morning mail. 10. The interpreter is translating their conversation rather well.

D) Using the Perfect Tenses

Example: They have already brought the medi­cine. — The medicine has already been brought.

1. We have repaired our house lately. 2. When the fire brigade came, the fire had destroyed the building. 3. The athlete has shown much better results since this coach trains him. 4. I will have answered all the business letters by noon. 5. The president of the board has signed the document. 6. Is she washing the floor? — No, she has already washed it. his arrival they had repaired his car. 8. He has booked the tickets and the clerk will have brought them by 2 o'clock. 9. They had painted the house by his arrival. 10. The police haven't found the reason for the accident yet.

E) Using modal verbs

Example: He can do this work. — The work can be done (by him).

1. She can find a job easily. 2. The matter is urgent. They should phone her immediately. 3. The boss wants Mr. Black. You must find him. 4. I can make an interesting offer to you. 5. He's got a pay rise and now they can buy a new house. 6. You must send the document as quickly as possible. 7. The weather is warm. She may plant the flowers. 8. The document is of great importance. He must show it to us. 9. You should avoid the center of town during rush hours. 10. Their kitchen is large and they can use it as a dining room.

10. Choose the correct grammar form to translate a predicate.

1. Этот дом был построен в прошлом году. a) was being built b) has been built c) was built

2. Сейчас здесь строится новый супермаркет. a) is being built b) is building c) is built

3. Новое здание института уже построили, когда я поступила на юридический факультет.

a) was built b) has been built c) had been built

4. Студентов экзаменуют два раза в год. a) are being examined b) is examined c) are examined

5. Такие столы делают из дорогого дерева. a) are being made b) have been made c) are made

11. Open the brackets and use the verb in the appropriate form of the Passive Voice.

1. The first draft resolution (not discuss) yesterday; it (withdraw) long before the beginning of the meeting. 2. He is not in town; he (send) on a special mission. 3. Don't come into the compartment; the berth (fix) now. 4. A new underground line (construct) now. They say one of its stations (build) in my street. 5. He wants to know when the final decision (take). The activities of the committee and their delays already much (speak) about. 6. It was three o'clock. We (tell) to hurry up because we (wait). 7. Not all the necessary things (buy) for our trip that's why the departure (postpone). 8. It must (do) without delays. 9. On September 9, 1850, California (admit) to the Union as the thirty-first state. 10. This work (do) before you went to Moscow?

12. Read and translate the text.

ENTERTAINMENT IN LONDON

Life in London is fascinating not only for what you can see, but also for what you can do during your free time.

In London you can find a great number of theatres and cinemas, leisure centres, restaurants, pubs, art laborato­ries where you can spend your time watching or listening to anything you like. Have you ever heard of a famous showbusiness personality who has not done at least one performance in London?

"When one is tired of London, one is tired of life, for there is in London all that life can afford." Doctor Johnson's words are very appropriate to the tremendous variety of entertainment available in the capital of Great Britain.

In all parts of London there are theatres, cinemas and discotheques. Yon can find music concerts on the South Bank, at the Wigmore Hall, the Royal Albert Hall or in the summer months, by the lake in the open-air at Kenwood.

For sporting enthusiasts there is a choice of football, tennis, ice-skating, fishing, boating, sailing, swimming, bowling (indoor and outdoor), skiing on artificial slopes, greyhound racing, riding and lots more.

There are many reviews and publications which give weekly information on so many events that often the real problem is how to decide what to see and where to go.

Every age has its own place to spend leisure time, so you can choose among classical theatre and opera, or fun­fairs and pop-group performances, folk music and tradi­tional plays or music.

But there are also places where one can dance or learn to be an actor. London offers an extraordinary range of theatrical enter­tainment. It is one of the world's greatest stages, and at its best, standards are extremely high.

Some London Theatres put on plays also for very young people. The Molecule Theatre, for example, which help to explain simple scientific principles in a fun way; and The Royal Shakespeare Company and the National Theatre, which run backstage trips to see rehearsal rooms, scenery work­shops and backstage equipment. The majority of the places of entertainment in London are in the West End. That's to say that starting from Piccadilly you can find theatres, cinemas, concert halls, discos, pubs with music and art laboratories for all tastes.

St. Martins Theatre is shown in the poster where for more than 42 years the same Agatha Christie play "The Mousetrap" has been running. This play is the world's longest running show. It's a thriller. There have been more than 15,000 performances. When the show starts, the actors make you promise that you will not tell anyone who the murderer is.

A little bit farther away from the West End, on the opposite side of Hyde Park, you can find the Royal Albert Hall, an enormous building which can contain more than 6,000 people and is used for concerts, boxing contests, exhibitions and meetings. It was opened in 1871 as a memorial to the Prince Consort. Its organ, with 9,000 pipes, is one of the largest in the world. It is home for the popular annual Promenade concerts also called The Proms, that last seven weeks.

London is home to five world-class orchestras and a veritable host to smaller music companies and contempo­rary music ensembles. It also houses three permanent opera companies and numerous smaller opera groups and leads the world with its period orchestras.

The inner London boroughs of Greenwich, Lewisham, Lambeth, and Wandsworth occupy the south bank of the Thames as far as six miles (9.5 km) inland, but the term South Bank refers above all to the music and arts complex begun in 1951 for the Festival of Britain. It begins just downstream from London County Hall. The first permanent building on the South Bank site was the 3,000-seat Royal Festival Hall, which hosts the world's great orchestras and ballet troupes in about 450 performances a year.

The National Film Theatre shows classic films from all nations. The National Theatre, which was lodged for years at the Old Vie Theatre (built in 1816), behind Waterloo Station, moved into its new home just east of Waterloo Bridge on the South Bank in 1975. Next to it, on space originally designated for residential use, are the studios and offices of an independent television station. Bankside, as the riverfront between Blackfriars and London bridges is called, is where Shakespeare's Globe Theatre and its rivals stood.

‘’If you are a music fan, Britain is the right country for you". Every night, there are pop, rock, jazz and folk con­certs in all kinds of venues from small clubs to huge sta­diums like Wembley, in London.

10. Учебно-методическое обеспечение

Основная литература

1.  Комарова, язык через культуры народов мира [Текст] : учебник / , , . – Москва : Высшая школа, 2008. – 470 с. : ил.

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