Английский язык (стр. 2 )

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3. Контрольные работы должны выполняться чернилами, аккуратно, чётким почерком. При выполнении контрольной работы оставляйте в тетради широкие поля для замечаний, объяснений и методических указаний рецензента.

Материал контрольной работы следует располагать в тетради по следующему образцу.

Левая страница	Правая страница
Поля	Английский текст	Русский текст	Поля

4. В каждом контрольном задании выделяются один или два абзаца для проверки умения читать без словаря, понимать основную мысль, изложенную в абзаце. После текста делает контрольный вопрос, с помощью которого проверяется, насколько правильно и точно вы поняли мысль, изложенную в абзаце (или абзацах). Ниже предлагается несколько вариантов ответов. Среди этих вариантов необходимо найти тот, который наиболее правильно и чётко отвечает на поставленный вопрос.

5. Выполненные контрольные работы направляйте для проверки и рецензирования в институт в установленные сроки.

6. Если контрольная работа выполнена без соблюдения указаний или не полностью, она возвращается без проверки.

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить контрольное задание, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы грамматики английского языка:

1. Артикль.

2. Неопределённые местоимения some, any, no и их производные.

3. Местоимения much, many, (a)little, (a)few.

4. Времена в активном и пассивном залогах.

5. Условные предложения.

6. Сложное дополнение (complex Object).

7. Сложное подлежащее (complex Subject).

НЕ нашли? Не то? Что вы ищете?

8. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

Учебники

1. Английская грамматика. – М.: Изд-во ЭКСМО, 2003.

2. Вейхман в грамматике современного английского языка. Учебное пособие для вузов. – М.: Астрель. АСТ, 2002.

3. , Саакян грамматика. – М.: Айрис Пресс, 2003.

4. , Израилевич грамматика английского языка. – Санкт – Петербург: Базис Каро, 2003.

Словари

1. Англо – русский словарь наиболее употребительных слов и выражений. – М.: Центрополиграф, 2004.

2. Мюллер англо – русский словарь. – М.: Изд-во Альта – Пресс, 2003.

3. Русско – английский англо – русский словарь. М.: Астрель. АСТ, 2003.

4. , , Учебный словарь современного английского языка. – М.: Изд-во АСТ, 2001.

Вариант 1

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Вставьте нужный артикль: а) a; b) an; c) the; d) -- .

1. … Stock Exchange of … United Kingdom and … Republic of Ireland was formed in 1973.

2. They say he has … great future in his firm.

3. We hope for … future and regret … past.

4. On such … evening everyone looks up at … Milky Way.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Заполните пропуски неопределёнными местоимениями или их производными: a) some; b) any; c) no; d) их производные.

1. Are there … commercial banks in your town? – Yes, there are … .

2. She helped me to borrow … more money.

3. I was late. I found … in the house.

4. I don’t think you should do … in this situation.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Заполните пропуски следующими словами: a) much; b) many; c) (a)little; d) (a) few.

1. … insurance companies protect their customers against risk.

2. Nowadays he was very busy and he saw … of his old friends.

3. I can’t buy this expensive hat today: I have too … money.

4. When we walked … farther down the road, we met another group of students.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Выберите правильную форму глагола.

1. Recent years … substantial changes in the occupational distribution of the labour force.

a) has seen b) had seen c) have seen d) will have seen

the 1930s the birth rate in Britain … to less than one half the rate experienced during the nineteenth century.

a) have fallen b) had fallen c)will have fallen d) has fallen

3. The drift of the population and employment to the suburbs … on for a long time.

a) has been going b) have been going

c) had been going d) will have been going

4. Economic conditions … all the time.

a) is changing b) were changing c) was changing d) are changing

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Выберите правильную форму глагола в пассивном залоге.

1. The precious metals … first … as money on the basis of weight.

a) is used b) are used c) were used d) was used

2. The price of a product … by the interaction of demand and supply.

a) is determined b) are determined c) was determined d) were determined

3. The gradual trend towards larger enterprises … not … to manufacturing industry.

a) had been confined b) will be confined

c) have been confined d) has been confined

4. Ahead of us the port lay in a flood of lights. Two cargo – ships … .

a) is being unloaded b) are being unloaded

c) was being unloaded d) were being unloaded

VI. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Выберите правильную форму глагола в условных предложениях.

1. If the assumptions … incorrect or inadequate, the model might yield incorrect or inadequate predictions.

a) is b) are c) was d) were

2. If incomes …, the demand for most goods and services will tend to increase.

a) are rising b) were rising c) is rising d) was rising

3. If land … as the total surface area of the planet, including oceans, lakes and rivers, than its total quantity is fixed.

a) was defined b) were defined c) is defined d) are defined

4. If money incomes … by 5 per cent, but over the same period prices rise by 10 per cent, real income will have fallen.

a) will rise b) rose c) rises d) rise

VII. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложение на русский язык. Употребите сложное дополнение.

1. I’d like them …their money for a stated period of time.

a) leave b) leaves c) left d) to leave

2. She saw him … the street looking to the left and to the right.

a) cross b) crosses c) crossed d) to cross

3. I know her … funds from her bank account to the merchant’s account.

a) to transfer b) transfered c) transfer d) transfers

4. She heard somebody … up to her door.

a) to walk b) walk c) walks d) walked

VIII. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Употребите сложное подлежащее.

1. Many books are known … in our country every year.

a) is published b) are published c) to publish d) to be published

2. You are supposed … in four years.

a) graduate b) graduates c) to graduate d) to be graduated

3. This device was known … in that laboratory.

a) to have been designed b) to be designed

c) has been designed d) have been designed

4. The sun is known … a mass of compressed gases.

a) represent b) represents c) to represent d) to be represented

IX. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами.

1. When I worked there, personnel … anywhere in the compound.

a) can’t smoke b) couldn’t smoke c) isn’t to smoke d) need not smoke

2. The level of accuracy in measurement … differ very widely.

a) may b) might c) must d) could

3. We sent out the invitations a week ago; they … have arrived by now.

a) should b) might c) could d) must

4. It was raining hard and we … to wait until it stopped raining.

a) has b) have c) had d) must

X. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с русского языка на английский язык.

1. Экономика Великобритании известна как смешанная экономика.

2. Определённый сектор национального хозяйства принадлежит и управляется частными гражданами либо индивидуально, либо коллективно.

3. Естественно, что каждый индивидуальный предприниматель стремится к получению максимальной прибыли, увеличивая свой личный доход.

4. Являясь единоличным владельцем собственного предприятия, можно самостоятельно принимать любые решения.

XI. Прочтите текст. Письменно переведите 1 и 3 абзацы.

The Road to Promotion

1. One of the most important reasons most people give when asked why they chose their particular profession is that they thought that this certain work would by challenging, offer them personal fulfillment, social recognition, and a feeling of self – worth. The outward sign of such recognition is being promoted at work. Considering all of the above, we might well ask who gets promoted in American companies today.

2. Most people who gain promotions are, first of all, well educated. Many hold advanced degrees in science, law, or engineering. Those who are promoted to president of the company, most likely first served as vice-president. They all tend to be mobile and willing to go wherever the company wishes to send them.

3. They do not seem to be getting younger. Although ageing is touted as a distinct drawback to advancement, those promoted to high positions in industry average out at about age forty-seven. Most vice presidents and presidents of companies say that staying on the job for about five or ten years is important.

4. In most cases, those who get promoted have been with the company for a long time. Twelve years is the average length of time during which the promoted executives served their company. Most of those promoted had work experience in the fields of finance or administration.

5. There is an indication in recent surveys which points to the fact that personal determination and ambition are the most obvious factors that decide promotion. People who get promoted have been highly goal-oriented. Obviously, the employee who never dreams of getting to the top usually just doesn’t make it there.

6. Dedication to the company and especially to the boss also helps as does being liked and accepted by one’s fellow employees, but these personal aspects are not as important as they used to be. Education and professional competence have become the key considerations.

Перепишите вопрос и выберите правильный ответ:

What kind of people gain promotions?

a) well - dressed

b) well – read

c) well – educated

Вариант 2

1. … second largest stock exchange in … USA is … American Stock Exchange.

2. … iron is bread of … industry; … nickel is … meat.

3. It gave me … intense satisfaction that they all enjoyed my article.

4. He was … bachelor with … small income.

1. Is there … money in your savings account? – No, there isn’t … .

2. It meant real hardship to my mother unless I earned …money at once.

3. This is my business and … else’s.

4. I can’t fetch you because I … longer have my car. I am selling it tomorrow.

1. It takes one … money to join a credit union.

2. I suggested that he should get … grapes and … bread.

3. I’ll come at 7 tomorrow. – No, you needn’t come that early, we start … later.

4. … big firms obtain funds by selling commercial paper.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Выберите правильную форму глагола.

1. At present we … a new sales director.

a) are recruiting b) is recruiting c) was recruiting d) were recruiting

2. In recent years the government … financial assistance towards the costs of developments in micro – electronics, office automation, computer – aided design, robots and aerospace.

a) had provided b) will have provided c) has provided d) have provided

3. I … all this typing by 5 p. m.

a) will have finished b) would have finished

c) will finish d) would finish

4. The classical economists … money as no more than a medium of exchange.

a) regarded b) regard c) will regard d) regards

1. At this stage the raw materials … into this container.

a) was loaded b) were loaded c) is loaded d) are loaded

2. The management knew what prices … for the commodity in every part of the market.

a) was being asked b) were being asked

c) is being asked d) are being asked

3. You may come at five o’clock; the accounts … .

a) is checked b) are checked c) would checked d) will be checked

4. This question … at the last meeting and no conclusion was reached then.

a) was raised b) were raised

c) is raised d) are raised

VI. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Выберите правильную форму глагола в условных предложениях:

1. If the price of butter …, the demand for margarine would probably fall.

a) will fall b) would fall c) fall d) fell

2. If you hire anyone, you will, of course, need to pay a salary, and if you … your business to expand, you will need capital for research, growth, and expansion.

a) want b) wants c) wanted d) to want

3. If demand … inelastic, the movement of the supply curve would lead to a relatively large fall in price and a relatively small increase in the quantity demanded.

a) was b) were c) be d) will be

4. If I … that I wouldn’t have said anything.

a) has known b) have known c) had known d) will known

VII. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложение на русский язык. Употребите сложное дополнение.

1.He made his bookkeeper … a lawyer.

a) consult b) consults c) consulted d) will consult

2. I know advertising … a poor product or service into a good one.

a) turn b) turned c) to turn d) to be turned

3. I must have these shoes … .

a) mend b) mends c) mended d) will mend

4. I’d like them … a single room with private bathroom for three nights.

a) book b) books c) to book d) booked

VIII. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Употребите сложное подлежащее.

1. The new rocket is reported … into operation next year.

a) go b) goes c) to go d) to be gone

2. He is said … a good translator.

a) am b) is c) are d) to be

3. The weather in Europe was reported … hot last summer.

a) to have been b) has been c) have been d) had been

4. They appeared … the way.

a) has lost b) have lost c) to have lost d) had lost

1. You … have got this book from our library if you had gone there yesterday.

a) can b) could c) may d) might

2. We … not carry the bookcase upstairs ourselves: the workers will come and do it.

a) can b) may c) need d) must

3. You … laugh at him when he picks up bad words.

a) mustn’t b) shouldn’t c) can’t d) haven’t

4. I am sure he … to translate that article tomorrow.

a) is able b) was able c) will be able d) were able

X. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с русского языка на английский язык.

1. Акционеры более заинтересованы в увеличении размеров дивидендов, чем самой прибыли.

2. Маловероятно, чтобы сегодня компании существовали с одной единственной целью – получить как можно больше прибыли.

3. Задачи, стоящие перед менеджером, в высшей степени сложны и взаимосвязаны.

4. Выживание – без сомнения, доминирующая задача любой организации.

XI. Прочтите текст. Письменно переведите 1 и 3 абзацы.

Financing a Business

1. Where would you get the money for a new business? If you are a millionaire or have an uncle who is a millionaire and is willing to bet on your business success, then you have no problem. But if you are starting from scratch, then even the most brilliant of ideas will not bring you cold cash.

2. A private company can obtain bank loans and it can do what the government does by issuing bonds. These bonds attract other investors because they have a fixed rate of interest. If your company becomes stable and is known as a profit maker, you will be thought of as a «blue chip» company and elderly widows will consider you a safe investment for the future of their grand-children. However, should your company not quite be so solid, you might consider the more venturesome business of issuing risk-bearing shares. These are not quite as safe, but if your company profits, your shareholders will be very pleased. They will have shared the risk and they will share in the dividends. At any rate, it will be up to the majority of shareholders of your company to decide what sort of investments you will make, how you are to distribute your shares, and when to split shares, or to make a new issue of shares. When making investments, you should always consider diversifying. Putting all one's eggs in one basket is invariably wrong.

3. For a company to prosper, the shareholders best interest must always be considered. This is, as a rule, not difficult. Generally speaking, what is good for the company is also good for the shareholders. Nevertheless, all shareholders should be given the chance of agreeing or disagreeing with company policy. This is why most companies schedule at least one meeting during the year to which all shareholders are invited. They may not all show up, but at least they will have been given the fair chance to have their say.

Перепишите вопрос и выберите правильный ответ:

Who are invited to companies’ meetings?

a) managers

b) investors

c) shareholders

Вариант 3

1. … most important way of raising long - term capital is by issuing … shares.

2. The firm made … loans to … Argentine and …. Brazil.

3. His wife, … pretty little thing, was … actress for … moment out of … job.

4. At first I found it difficult to understand … English money.

1. Does a credit union lend … money to its members? – It lends … money to its members.

2. … student can answer the question.

3. I think there is … wrong with my watch.

4. The student didn’t understand … because she heard … .

1. Starting a business without financial support from the bank may cause you … trouble.

2. He was so happily absorbed in the building of his house that events outside it affected him … .

3. Ads took 2 percent of the total income, … more than usual.

4. At the conference we met … people whom we knew well.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Выберите правильную форму глагола.

1. Profit … an important part in determining the allocation of resources.

a) played b) play c) will play d) plays

petition between firms … to the elimination of firms which are unable to change their products and their methods of production.

a) lead b) leads c) will lead d) led

3. When the company joined the New York stock market, it … already … on the London market for 5 years.

a) has been b) have been c) will have been d) had been

4. In recent years a large volume of short – term capital or ‘hot money’ … from one country to another seeking greater security or higher interest rates.

a) had been moving b) has been moving

c) have been moving d) will have been moving

1.Based on the total figure, it appears that an error … in the budget.

a) is made b) are made c) was made d) were made

2. These products … by a special team.

a) has been designed b) have been designed

c) had been designed d) will be designed

3. An industry which … increasingly … may be employing less labour but increasing its output.

a) were being mechanised b) was being mechanised

c) are being mechanised d) is being mechanised

4. A letter of credit may … only by the named beneficiary.

a) is utilized b) are utilized c) will be utilized d) be utilized

1. If production … very easily and quickly in response to an increase in demand, supply will be elastic.

a) to expand b) to be expanded c) can be expanded d) could be expanded

2. If wages …, unemployment will increase.

a) rise b) rises c) rose d) will rise

3. If I … in the city, I would attend his lecture.

a) am b) are c) was d) were

4. If he … out all the drawbacks, we should have found ways to solve the problem.

a) have pointed b) has pointed c) had pointed d) will point

VII. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложение на русский язык. Употребите сложное дополнение.

1. I must have my hair … tomorrow.

a) to cut b) cut c) cuts d) will cut

2. My friend knows me … tax benefits from the government.

a) receive b) receives c) to receive d) received

3. When did you have your watch … ?

a) repaire b) repaires c) repaired d) will repaire

4. I hate her … a large amount of money into business. She doesn’t know how to attract customers.

a) put b) puts c) will put d) to put

VIII. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Употребите сложное подлежащее.

petence in media planning is considered … essential for a career in media.

a) is b) am c) are d) to be

2. A national bank is reported … by the federal government.

a) to be chartered b) will be chartered c) is chartered d) was chartered

3. The poem is believed … by Byron.

a) has been written b) have been written

c) to have been written d) had been written

4. The playwright is supposed … at a new comedy.

a) to work b) works c) to be working d) worked

1.They sent the goods two weeks ago; so, they … have arrived by now.

a) can b) could c) must d) need

2. These figures can’t be right. There … be a mistake somewhere.

a) can b) must c) may d) might

3. The goods … to be delivered at the end of the month.

a) is b) are c) was d) were

4. If you pass your examinations, you … to go to the south.

a) is allowed b) are allowed c) will be allowed d) were allowed

X. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с русского языка на английский язык.

1. Менеджер компании должен тщательно анализировать экономическую обстановку.

2. Инфляция сокращает покупательную способность потребителей и, следовательно, спрос.

3. Для того, чтобы определить соответствующую категорию данного товара или рынка, необходимо учитывать ряд факторов.

4. Как потребительский, так и отраслевой рынки могут подразделяться на регионы.

XI. Прочтите текст. Письменно переведите 1 и 3 абзацы.

Why Decisions Are So Difficult to Make

1. One of the signs of maturity both for an individual and for a corporation is the ability to make decisions. While society expects parents to make the decisions for their children, an adult is expected to make his own decisions. Decisions are never easy to make. There are many reasons for this. Every decision is followed by consequences, and we are never quite sure what those consequences are going to be. Once we have made the decision, there is no one to blame but ourselves. It is necessary for us to follow through on our decisions, and for every decision there is always something we choose to reject. It is «the road not taken» that invariably haunts all decision makers. Having made the decision, we have to live with it.

2. Several steps can be identified in the decision making process.
They are: the definition of a problem, the definition of expectations, the gathering of data, the development of alternatives, the evaluation of alternatives, and, finally, the choice of the best alternative.

3. The steps listed above make the decision-making process appear simple and straightforward. Actually, it is anything but that. What we did not mention above is the fact that culture and social environment invariably play a great part in decision making. If, for example, you have on your staff an employee whom you deem to be incompetent, and whom you really should fire, you may still choose not to do so. If you are functioning in a society where losing one's job can destroy the life of a human being, then you are not likely to inflict such a tragedy on you incompetent employee, even though the strictly business approach demands that you do so.

4. Your sense of creativity may also push you towards making decisions which are riskier than a strictly logical approach would warrant.

Перепишите вопрос и выберите правильный ответ:

What may push you towards making decisions?

a) sense of humor

b) sense of creativity

c) sense of responsibility

Вариант 4

1. … Price quotations are of major importance .

2. I know … work I’ve done is … good work, the best of my life.

3. This thought gave him … immense satisfaction.

4. However, I don’t propose to discuss … politics, … sociology or … metaphysics with you.

1. Do pension funds invest … money into the industry?

2. There are … matches left. We must buy … .

3. Will you bring … with you or will you come alone?

4. If you look in the yellow pages, I am sure you’ll find … who can fix your TV.

1. Banks in the USA are subject to … government regulations.

2. My sister spends so … money on her clothes that she has none left for holidays.

3. Knowledge of one foreign language is too … for a manager.

4. He had … English books at home, so he had to go to the library for more books.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Выберите правильную форму глагола.

1. We … five new applications since the beginning of the year.

a) has been testing b) had been testing

c) have been testing d) will have been testing

2. As soon as we … the new line, productivity went up.

a) had installed b) has installed c) will have installed d) have installed

3. The manager … out the strategic planning for the company.

a) worked b) works c) will work d) work

4. The reserve cash … our company avoid bank charges last summer.

a) helps b) help c) helped d) will help

1. The ordinary share capital of a company … usually … to as the equity of the company.

a) is referred b) are referred c) was referred d) were referred

2. When the bell rang, this question … still … .

a) is being discussed b) are being discussed

c) was being discussed d) were being discussed

3. When the advertisement … in the newspaper?

a) is placed b) are placed c) will have been placed d) will be placed

4. Businesses that distribute or deal in money … financial institutions.

a) is called b) are called c) was called d) were called

1. If our supplier … to miss deadlines, we must look for alternatives.

a) continue b) continues c) continued d) will continue

2. If the consultant … more careful research, he would have identified the gap in the market.

a) have done b) has done c) had done d) will have done

3. If the agent … on the agreement, we would have taken legal action.

a) will have defaulted b) would have defaulted

c) has defaulted d) had defaulted

4. If the market for our products …, we will have a 20 per cent increase in turnover next year.

a) expand b) expands c) expanded d) will expand

VII. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложение на русский язык. Употребите сложное дополнение.

1. We’d like them … further details about prices and terms of delivery.

a) will have b) to have c) have d) had

2. He heard her car … from the opposite direction.

a) approach b) approaches c) approached d) to approach

3. When did you have your customers … loan payments?

a) make b) makes c) to make d) made

4. He wanted his letters … at once.

a) is sent b) are sent c) to be sent d) to send

VIII. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Употребите сложное подлежащее.

1. That power station is known … on the Angara River.

a) is situated b) are situated c) to be situated d) to situate

2. Your equipment was heard … to our conditions.

a) has been adapted b) have been adapted

c) to have been adapted d) had been adapted

3. The climate is considered … healthful.

a) to be b) is c) am d) are

4. This appeared … the policeman.

a) amuse b) amuses c) amused d) to amuse

1. … I make a comment at this point? – Yes, of course you … .

a) may b) might c) can d) must

2. He … have made a decision yesterday.

a) can b) must c) should d) need

3. I … not go out today: it is too cold.

a) may b) can c) need d) must

4. We … to buy biscuits because granny had baked a delicious pie.

a) didn’t have b) don’t have c) doesn’t have d) won’t have

X. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с русского языка на английский язык.

1. Совет директоров – это группа лиц, играющая основную роль в деятельности организации.

2. Продукция, производимая различными отраслями экономики, может классифицироваться по нескольким признакам.

3. Согласно закону о партнёрстве, прибыли и потери распределяются поровну.

4. Главным недостатком как индивидуального предпринимательства, так и партнёрства является неограниченная ответственность.

XI. Прочтите текст. Письменно переведите 1 и 2 абзацы.

Business Organization

1. The three ways in which business is organized are: sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. We know «sole» to mean alone, and, truly, the sole proprietor is alone. Не/she is known to be adventurous and independent. It is he/she who makes all the major decisions as well as the major purchases and, of course, it is also he/she who takes the losses or keeps all the profits. All the freedom and all the responsibility belongs to the sole proprietor. Не/she can make enormous gains and he/she also stands to risk total failure. The sole proprietor must pay all of the debts of the company and if it goes broke, he/she is the one who goes bankrupt. ,

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Партнерка на США и Канаду по недвижимости, выплаты в крипто

The Road to Promotion

Financing a Business

Why Decisions Are So Difficult to Make

Business Organization

Домашний очаг

Справочная информация

Техника

Общество

Образование и наука

Мир

Бизнес и финансы