8 Some Greeks had been Mediterranean pirates and were now tycoons; many lived by cheating Russian farmers and bringing Russian customs officials.
№7 Соотнесите части предложений. Перепишите предложения в тетрадь и переведите их на русский язык:
1) Smoking is | a) in acting. |
2) Having done the work in advance, | b) he was thinking hard. |
3) She has always dreamt | c) he failed the exam. |
4) To tell the truth | d) not allowed here. |
5) Doing his homework | e) they were given a few days-off. |
6) She is interested | f) I don’t like being laughed at. |
7) To cut a long story short, | g) of living in a small house by the sea. |
№8 Прочитайте и письменно переведите 1,4,5 абзацы текста:
The Taj Mahal, Agra, India
1) Agra, once the capital of the Mughal Empire during the 16th and early 18th centuries, is one and a half hours by express train from New Delhi. Tourists from all over the world visit Agra (1) to make a pilgrimage to Taj Mahal, India`s most famous architectural wonder. Taj Mahal means “Crown Palace” and is in fact the most well (2) preserved and architecturally beautiful tomb in the world.
2) Taj Mahal stands on the bank of River Yamuna, which otherwise serves as a wide moat (3) defending the Great Red Fort of Agra, the centre of the Mughal emperors until they moved their capital to Delhi in 1637. It was built by the fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan in 1631 in memory of his second wife, Mumtaz Mahal, a Muslim Persian princess. She died while (4) accompanying her husband in Burhanpur in a campaign to crush a rebellion after (5) giving birth to their 14th child. The ruler went into deep mourning. The death so crushed the emperor that all his hair and beard were said (6) to have grown snow white in a few months.
3) When Mumtaz was still alive, she extracted four promises from the emperor: first, that he would build “a tomb in her memory such as the world had never (7) seen before"; second that he should marry again; third, that he would be kind to their children; and fourth, that he visit the tomb on her death anniversary. He kept the first and second promises. Construction began in 1631 and was completed in 22 years. The material was brought in from all over India and central Asia and it took a fleet of 1000 elephants (8) to transport it to the site. Some 20,000 workmen (9) employed on it daily lived in a specially built small town next to it called “Mumtazabad” for the dead empress.
4) The central dome is 57 meters, or 187 feet, high in the middle. A total of 28 beautiful stones were used: red sandstone was brought from Fatehpur Sikri, jasper from Punjab, jade and crystal from China, turquoise from Tibet, lapis lazuli and sapphire from Sri Lanka, coal and cornelian from Arabia and diamonds from Panna. The luminescent white marble was brought from far-off Makrana, Rajasthan. Nearly every surface of the entire complex has been (10) decorated, and the exterior decorations are among the finest (11) to be found in Mughal architecture of any period. The rectangular base of Taj is in itself symbolic of the different sides from which to view a beautiful woman. The main gate is like a veil to a woman’s face which should (12) be lifted delicately, gently and without haste on the wedding night.
5) The dome is made of white marble, but the tomb is set against the plain across the river and it is this background that works its magic of colors that, through their reflection, change the view of the Taj. The colours change at different hours of the day and during different seasons. Like a jewel, the Taj sparkles in moonlight when the semi-precious stones (13) inlaid into the white marble on the main mausoleum catch the glow of the moon. The Taj is pinkish in the morning, milky white in the evening and golden when the moon shines. These changes, they say, depict the different moods of woman.
6) The emperor, later (14) buried in the Taj, was overthrown by his son and imprisoned in the nearby Great Red Fort for eight years, from which, it is said, he could see the Taj Mahal out of his small cell window. The origin of the name "Taj Mahal" is not clear. It is generally (15) believed that "Taj Mahal" (usually translated as either "Crown Palace" or "Crown of the Palace") is an abbreviated version of Mumtaz name.
№9 Прочитайте текст еще раз и письменно ответьте на вопросы к нему:
1) Who built the Taj Mahal and why?
2) What promises did the Emperor give to his wife Mumtaz?
3) What materials was the Taj Mahal built of?
4) What does the Taj Mahal symbolize?
№10 Заполните пропуски в предложениях выделенными жирным шрифтом словами из текста и переведите предложения на русский язык. Измените форму слов, где необходимо:
1) Aziz is going to make a ………… to Mecca.
2) The temple of Diana was one of the Seven ………… of the World.
3) All the theatres and cinemas were closed, as a sign of ………… for the dead president.
4) We ………… three new secretaries from Monday.
5) This painting ………… the Battle of Waterloo.
6) The crew was ………… in the plane by the hijackers.
7) The prime minister’s determination to pursue this policy led to a ………… among his own ministers.
8) He had to drive slowly over the uneven ………… of the road.
9) It’s the twentieth ………… of our country’s independence.
10) Rebels have ………… the government.
№11 Выпишите из текста слова, выделенные курсивом (1 – 15). Определите, какой неличной формой глагола (причастие, инфинитив, герундий) они являются. Назовите форму и функцию этих слов.
Вариант 2
№1 Перепишите предложения, используя инфинитив (Infinitive); вставьте слова и словосочетания в скобках (если таковые имеются). Переведите переделанные предложения и подчеркните инфинитив:
1 He sleeps in his car. (uncomfortable place)
2 I found a complete stranger taking food out of my fridge. (annoyed)
3 She was so foolish that she could not understand my explanation.
4 I have no books which I can read.
5 He makes money by telling fortunes. (interesting way)
6 They swim at night. (odd time)
7 I have only a few minutes in which I can explain these words to you.
№2 Закончите предложения, образовав Participle I или Participle II от глаголов в скобках. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, подчеркните причастие и укажите его форму:
1 We listened to the songs (to sing) by the girls.
2 Success in one’s work is a (to satisfy) experience.
3 Someone needs to repair the (to break) window.
4 No one lives in that (to desert) house except a few ghosts.
5 At present, the (to lead) candidate in the senatorial race is Henry Moore.
6 Who is that boy (to do) his homework?
7 (To pollute) water is not safe for drinking.
№3 Перепишите предложения, раскрывая скобки и вставляя требующуюся форму герундия (Gerund) и предлог, если необходимо. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1 He succeeded (to convert) to Christianity a local king.
2 Thank you (to help) me carry the packages to the post office.
3 The angry look on his face stopped me (to speak) my mind.
4 The thief was accused (to steal) a woman’s purse.
5 Bill isn’t used (to wear) a suit and a tie every day.
6 I’m looking forward (to eat) my mother’s cooking and (to sleep) in my own bed.
7 I have a good reason (to be) late.
№4 Раскройте скобки, употребляя инфинитив (Infinitive) или герундий (Gerund). Перепишите переделанные предложения, переведите их, указав неличную форму глагола и ее форму:
1 Did you remember (lock) the door? – No, I didn’t. I’d better (go) back and (do) it now.
2 It’s no use (try) (interrupt) him. You’ll have (wait) till he stops (talk).
3 Do you feel like (go) to a film or would you rather (stay) at home?
4 The car began (make) an extraordinary noise so I stopped (see) what it was.
5 He decided (put) broken glass on top of his wall (prevent) boys (climb) over it.
6 He kept (ring) up and (ask) for an explanation and she didn’t know what (do) about it.
7 We got tired of (wait) for the weather (clear) and finally decided (set) out in the train.
№5 Исправьте ошибки в предложениях, перепишите их и переведите на русский язык. Подчеркните неличную форму глагола и укажите ее форму:
1 You ought to go today. It may to rain tomorrow.
2 Everybody looked at the danced girl.
3 He succeeded at finding a new job.
4 The coat buying last year is too small for me now.
5 It’s rather strange seeing you here.
6 They warned us from going there alone.
7 Jim hurt his arm played tennis.
№6 Расположите по порядку:
a) предложения, в которых ing-форма является причастием;
b) предложения, в которых ing-форма является герундием;
c) предложения, в которых ing-форма является отглагольным существительным.
Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык.
1 The Mongols soon captured Maly Kitezh, forcing Georgy to retreat into the woods towards Bolshoy Kitezh.
2 Nestor Kukolnic assisted in opening the county court in Taganrog, open after his death in 1869.
3 Architect Vladimir Shukhov was responsible for building several of Moscow’s landmarks during early Soviet Russia.
4 After finding the new word in a dictionary, I wrote it down and went on reading.
5 Having restored the unity of the empire, he was overseeing the progress of major governmental reforms and sponsoring the consolidation of the Christian church.
6 Chalk is used for writing on the blackboard.
7 The students found the reading of English newspapers rather difficult at first.
8 Lisitsyn and his two sons were laboring in their time free from making arms and ammunition on a rather unusual device.
№7 Соотнесите части предложений. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1) To begin with, | a) they got married. |
2) He didn’t agree to | b) having seen the man before? |
3) Isn’t it natural that | c) the travelers soon lost their way. |
4) To cut a long story short, | d) I’m sick and tired of your complaints. |
5) Can you remember | e) their going on that dangerous voyage. |
6) Having been shown the wrong direction | f) he postponed the trip. |
7) Being busy | g) we like to be praised? |
№8 Прочитайте и письменно переведите 2,3,4,5 абзацы текста:
Colosseum, Rome, Italy
1) The Colosseum is the greatest amphitheatre of the antiquity. Emperor Vespasian, founder of the Flavian Dynasty, started construction of the Colosseum in AD 72. It was completed in AD 80, the year after Vespasian’s death. The design concept of this great amphitheater in the center of Rome is still relevant, (1) having influenced almost every modern sports stadium. The huge amphitheater was built on the site of an artificial lake, part of Nero’s huge park in the Center of Rome. The Colosseum's name is believed (2) to come from a 40-meter colossus of Nero nearby.
2) The Colosseum is 48 meters high, 188 meters long and 156 meters wide. There are 80 arches on each of the first three levels, and the wooden arena floor was covered with sand. Its elliptical shape kept the players from (3) retreating to a corner, and let the spectators be closer to the action than in a circle. The amphitheater could hold up to seventy thousand spectators. The tires of seats were inclined in such a way as (4) to enable people (5) to get a perfect view from wherever they sat.
3) The Colosseum was cleverly designed, and most modern stadiums have important features first (6) seen here. Seating was divided into sections: the podium, or first level, was for the Roman senators, and the emperor's cushioned box was also here. Above the podium was the area for other Roman aristocrats. The third level was divided into three sections: a lower part for wealthy citizens and an upper part for poor ones. A wooden area at the very top of the building was (7) standing room only, for lower-class women.
4) Today, the arena floor no longer exists, though the walls and corridors are visible in the ruins. There are also tunnels, still in existence, (8) made to flood and evacuate water from the Colosseum floor so naval battles could (9) be staged. Another innovative feature of was the cooling system, known as the velarium: a canvas-covered, net-like structure made of ropes, with a hole in the center. This roof covered two-thirds of the arena and sloped down toward the center (10) to catch the wind and provide a breeze for the audience.
5) The highly ostentatious opening ceremony lasted one hundred days during which people saw great fights, shows and hunts (11) involving the killing of thousands of animals. For the opening the arena space was filled with water for one of the most fantastic events held in Roman times, naumachias-real sea battles (12) reproducing great battles of the past.
6) Emperors used the Colosseum (13) to entertain the public with free games. Those games were a symbol of prestige and power and were a way for an emperor to increase his popularity. Games were held for a whole day or even several days in a row. They usually started with comical acts and displays of exotic animals and ended with fights to the death between animals and gladiators or between gladiators. These fighters were usually slaves, prisoners of war or condemned criminals. Sometimes free Romans and even Emperors took part in the action.
7) The Colosseum was in use until 217, when it was damaged by fire from lightning. Four earthquakes between 442 and 1349 severely hurt the building, which was then converted into a fortress with a Christian church built into one small area. What we can see nowadays is just a skeleton of what was the greatest arena in the ancient world. From the Middle Ages onwards, the Colosseum has (14) been one of Rome’s and the world’s greatest marvels, (15) attracting hoards of visitors.
№9 Прочитайте текст еще раз и письменно ответьте на вопросы к нему:
1) How much of the Colosseum has survived?
2) What made the Colosseum innovative in Ancient Rome?
3) What for did the Roman Emperors use the Colosseum and why?
4) What unusual and great events were held on the arena of the Colosseum?
№10 Заполните пропуски в предложениях выделенными жирным шрифтом словами из текста и переведите предложения на русский язык. Измените форму слов, где необходимо:
1) The ………… was very excited by the show.
2) The queen was crowned with proper ………….
3) This dictionary ………… you to understand English words.
4) What ………… met our eyes when we opened the treasure chest!
5) The army stormed the ………… and occupied it.
6) The tourists photographed the …………… of middle Ages in the museum.
7) The country’s ………… comes from its oil.
8) There’s an interesting old ………… at the top of that hill.
9) ………… could not take part in the Ancient Olympic Games.
10) The circus elephants were led into the ………
№11 Выпишите из текста слова, выделенные курсивом (1 – 15). Определите, какой неличной формой глагола (причастие, инфинитив, герундий) они являются. Назовите форму и функцию этих слов.
Вариант 3
№1 Перепишите предложения, используя инфинитив (Infinitive); вставьте слова и словосочетания в скобках (если таковые имеются). Переведите переделанные предложения и подчеркните инфинитив:
|
Из за большого объема этот материал размещен на нескольких страницах:
1 2 3 4 |
