Иностранный язык (стр. 19 )

4. Although medical officers in peacetime have some choice of the land of work they will do, they are in a chain of command and are subject to military discipline. When dealing with patients, however, they are in a special position; they cannot be ordered by a superior officer to give some treatment or take other action that they believe is wrong. Medical officers also do not bear or use arms unless their patients are being attacked.

Определите, являются ли утверждения:

92. MEDICAL OFFICERS CAN USE ARMS IF THEIR PATIENTS ARE BEING ATTACKED.

1) истинным

2) ложным

3) в тексте нет информации

93. THE COMMANDING OFFICER OF A HOSPITAL MAY HAVE NO CONTACTS WITH PATIENTS.

1) ложным

2) в тексте нет информации

3) истинным

94. MEDICAL OFFICERS HAVE TO OBEY THE SUPERIOR OFFICER IN GIVING TREATMENT TO THE PATIENT.

1) истинным

2) ложным

3) в тексте нет информации

95. ARMIES AND AIR FORCES MAY SHARE THE SAME MEDICAL SERVICES.

1) ложным

2) истинным

3) в тексте нет информации

Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

96. THE WAYS OF EVACUATING THE CASUALTIES FROM THE WAR ZONE ARE DIFFERENT.

1) 1

2) 3

3) 2

4) 4

97. THE FUNCTIONS OF THE ARMY DOCTORS AND THE GENERAL PRACTITIONERS ARE SIMILAR IN PEACETIME.

1) 2

2) 3

3) 1

4) 4

98. ОТВЕТЬТЕ НА ВОПРОС:

WHERE CAN ARMY PHYSICIANS OBTAIN THEIR QUALIFICATIONS?

1) They may obtain their qualifications while being the army.

2) They must obtain their qualifications only in the medical
institution.

3) The qualifications are usually obtained by army physicians
through participation in war actions.

4) They can get practice in different medical units.

99. ОПРЕДЕЛИТЕ ОСНОВНУЮ ИДЕЮ ТЕКСТА

1) The medical doctor prescribes drugs and dressings.

2) The army medical organisation has its special features.

3) The doctor is usually assisted by trained nurses and corpsmen.

4) In a war zone, medical officers apply first aid to the walking
wounded.

Text 14

PUBLIC HEALTH CARE

1. Public health has been defined as the art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical and mental health, sanitation, personal hygiene, control of infection, and organisation of health services. From the normal human interactions there has emerged a recognition of the importance of community action in the promotion of health and the prevention and treatment of disease.

2. The practice of public health chaws heavily on medical science and philosophy and concentrates especially on manipulating and controlling the environment for the benefit of the public. It is concerned therefore with housing, water supplies, and food. Public health medicine is a part of the greater enterprise of preserving and improving the public health. Occupational medicine is concerned with the health, safety, and welfare of people in the workplace. Its aim is to reduce the risks in the environment in which people work.

3. The venture of preserving, maintaining, and actively promoting public health requires special methods of information-gathering (epidemiology) and corporate arrangements to act upon significant findings and put them into practice. Statistics collected by epidemiologists attempt to describe and explain the occurrence of disease in a population by correlating factors such as diet, environment, radiation, or cigarette smoking with the incidence and prevalence of disease.

4. The government, through laws and regulations, creates agencies to oversee and formally inspect such things as water supplies, food processing, sewage treatment, drains, air contamination, and pollution. Governments are also concerned with the control of epidemic infections by means of enforced quarantine and isolation - for example, the health control that takes place at seaports and airports in an attempt to assure that infectious diseases are not brought into a country.

Определите, являются ли утверждения:

100. HEALTH CONTROL AT AIRPORTS IS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE AGAINST BRINGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTO A COUNTRY.

1) в тексте нет информации

2) истинным

3) ложным

101. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES INSPECT WATER SUPPLIES, AIR CONTAMINATION, AND POLLUTION.

1) ложным

2) в тексте нет информации

3) истинным

102. OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE IS AIMED AT REDUCING THE RISKS IN THE ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH PEOPLE LIVE.

1) истинным

2) ложным

3) в тексте нет информации

103. THERE ARE STILL MANY PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED IN THE SPHERE OF PUBLIC HEALTH.

1) истинным

2) ложным

3) в тексте нет информации

Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

104. GOVERNMENTS PLAY AN IMPORTANT PART IN THE SYSTEM OF CONTROL OF EPIDEMIC INFECTIONS.

1) 4

2) 1

3) 3

4) 2

105. THE ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH PEOPLE WORK IS A CONCERN OF PUBLIC HEALTH MEDICINE.

1) 1

2) 3

3) 4

4) 2

106. ОТВЕТЬТЕ НА ВОПРОС:

WHAT INFORMATION DO EPIDEMIOLOGISTS PROVIDE?

1) Statistics collected by epidemiologists explain how to put
corporate arrangements into practice.

2) They use statistics to provide special diets for the population.

3) They provide data for government through laws and
regulations.

4) They collect data and try to explain the relationship between a
disease and different environmental and behavioural factors.

107. ОПРЕДЕЛИТЕ ОСНОВНУЮ ИДЕЮ ТЕКСТА

1) Medicine is involved in improving the health, safety, and
welfare of population.

2) The art and science of public health deals with preserving,
maintaining, and actively promoting physical and mental
health of people.

3) Public health is concerned with housing, water supplies, and
food.

4) Governments are responsible for public health in their
countries.

Text 15

THERAPEUTICS

1. Therapeutics is treatment and care of a patient for the purpose of both preventing and combating disease or alleviating pain or injury. The term comes from the Greek "therapeutikos", which means "inclined to serve." In a broad sense therapeutics means serving and caring for the patient in a comprehensive manner, preventing disease as well as managing specific problems.

2. Exercise, diet, and mental factors are therefore integral to the prevention, as well as the management, of disease processes. More specific measures that are employed to treat specific symptoms include the use of drugs to relieve pain or treat infection, surgery to remove diseased tissue or replace poorly functioning or nonfunctioning organs with frilly operating ones, and counseling or psychotherapy to relieve emotional distress. Confidence in the physician and in the method selected enhances effectiveness.

3. Disease is a harmful deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism. A diseased organism commonly exhibits signs or symptoms indicative of its abnormal state. Thus, the normal condition of an organism must be understood in order to recognize the hallmarks of disease. Nevertheless, a sharp demarcation between disease and health is not always apparent.

4. The study of disease is called pathology. It involves the determination of the cause (etiology) of the disease, the understanding of the mechanisms of its development (pathogenesis), the structural changes associated with the disease process (morphological changes), and the functional consequences of these changes. Correctly identifying the cause of a disease is necessary to identifying the proper course of treatment. Humans, animals, and plants are all susceptible to diseases of some sort. However, that which disrupts the normal functioning of one type of organism may have no effect on the other types.

Определите, являются ли утверждения:

108. BOTH ANIMALS AND PLANTS ARE ALWAYS EXPOSED TO DISEASES.

1) в тексте нет информации

2) ложным

3) истинным

109. IT'S MUCH EASIER TO TREAT THE DISEASE WHEN THE CAUSE OF IT IS KNOWN.

1) в тексте нет информации

2) ложным

3) истинным

110. POST-OPERATIVE THERAPY MAY INCLUDE SUCH TREATMENT AS CHEMOTHERAPY OR RADIATION THERAPY.

1) ложным

2) истинным

3) в тексте нет информации

111. MEDICINE IS THE SCIENCE CONCERNED WITH THE MAINTENANCE OF HEALTH AND THE PREVENTION, ALLEVIATION, OR CURE OF DISEASE.

1) ложным

2) истинным

3) в тексте нет информации

Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

112. PATHOLOGY DETERMINES STRUCTURAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH THE DISEASE PROCESS.

1) 1

2) 4

3) 2

4) 3

113. EFFECTIVE TREATMENT DEPENDS ON THE CONFIDENCE OF A PATIENT IN THE PHYSICIAN AND IN THE METHOD SELECTED.

1) 2

2) 4

3) 1

4) 3

114. ОТВЕТЬТЕ НА ВОПРОС:

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THE NORMAL CONDITION OF AN ORGANISM?

1) It is necessary for managing specific problems.

2) It is necessary for recognizing the symptoms of a disease.

3) It is necessary for treating specific symptoms.

4) It is necessary for removing diseased tissue.

115. ОПРЕДЕЛИТЕ ОСНОВНУЮ ИДЕЮ ТЕКСТА

1) Diet plays an important part in prevention of diseases.

2) The word "therapeutics" is of Greek origin.

3) The concepts "disease" and "health" differ from each other.

4) The scope of studies of therapeutics is very broad.

Ключи

I. Тестовые задания по грамматике английского языка на материале бытовой лексики:

1) 4

2) 3

3) 1

4) 1

5) 2

6) 4

7) 2

8) 3

9) 1

10) 4

11) 2

12) 2

13) 4

14) 3

15) 3

16) 2

17) 1

18) 1

19) 4

20) 3

21) 1

22) 1

23) 4

24) 2

25) 4

26) 1

27) 4

28) 2

29) 1

30) 2

31) 4

32) 1

33) 3

34) 2

35) 1

36) 3

37) 4

38) 3

39) 1

40) 4

41) 3

42) 3

43) 2

44) 3

45) 1

46) 2

47) 4

48) 2

49) 4

50) 1

51) 3

52) 2

53) 1

54) 1

55) 4

56) 3

57) 2

58) 2

59) 1

60) 3

61) 2

62) 1

63) 2

64) 1

65) 3

66) 1

67) 4

68) 2

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100) 3

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102) 3

103) 4

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106) 2

107) 2

108) 1

109) 4

110) 1

111) 3

112) 3

113) 4

114) 4

115) 1

116) 4

117) 2

118) 4

119) 4

120) 1

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122) 2

123) 3

124) 3

125) 4

126) 1

127) 1

128) 3

129) 4

130) 2

131) 3

132) 4

133) 2

134) 4

135) 3

136) 4

137) 4

138) 1

139) 3

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141) 1

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145) 3

146) 4

147) 1

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149) 3

150) 2

151) 4

152) 2

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154) 3

155) 4

156) 2

157) 1

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159) 1

160) 1

161) 3

162) 1

163) 4

164) 4

165) 1

166) 3

167) 2

168) 4)

169) 1

170) 1

171) 2

172) 3

173) 1

174) 2

175) 3

176) 4

177) 4

178) 4

179) 3

180) 3

181) 3

182) 2

183) 3

184) 2

185) 4

186) 2

187) 4

188) 3

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190) 3

191) 4

192) 2

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194) 2

195) 2

196) 3

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198) 4

199) 2

200) 2

201) 1

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205) 4

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209) 1

210) 2

211) 1

212) 1

213) 1

214) 2

215) 1

216) 2

217) 2

218) 2

219) 4

220) 1

4

II. Тестовые задания по грамматике английского языка на материале общепрофессиональной медицинской лексики:

1) 3

2) 2

3) 4

4) 2

5) 4

6) 2

7) 1

8) 3

9) 4

10) 2

11) 4

12) 2

13) 1

14) 1

15) 3

16) 2

17) 3

18) 3

19) 2