Контрольна робота 1 (стр. 2 )

Electronic Circuit Components

Electric current is a movement of electrons or ions. There are two kinds of electric current: alternating current (a. c.) and direct current (d. с).

Alternating current is a to and fro movement of electrons or ions. Direct current is a directed movement of electrons or ions.

Electric current flows only when there is a potential difference. Potential difference is provided by a power source (a battery or a generator). The way along which an electric current flows is called a circuit.

Electronic circuits consist of vacuum tubes or transistors and associated components such as capacitors, resistors, coils etc.

Capacitors are components which consist of two electric conductors separated by an insulator. There are fixed and variable capacitors.

Resistors are widely used in radio circuits. There are standard and variable resistors.

Coils are used in tuning circuits, transformers, etc. Inductance is the property their operation is based on.

Integrated circuits (ICs) combine all the elements of a complete electronic circuit on a single chip of semiconductor material. ICs are very small and reliable electronic circuits. ICs include diodes, transistors, resistors, and associated components.

Exercise 3. Identify among the following words (a) nouns, (b) adjectives, (c) verbal forms, (d) adverbs.

Separately, movement, directed, variable, used, difference, resistor, tuning, operation, based, generator, reliable, widely, transformer.

Exercise 4. Identify the tense and voice of the following verbs.

Flows, is provided, was called, combine, are used, may be separated, was operating.

Exercise 5. Write out three sentences with Non-Finite forms of the verbs (one - with the Present Participle, two - with the Past Participle) from the text. Identify their functions. Translate the sentences.

Exercise 6. Put questions to the underlined words.

1. Potential difference is provided by a battery.

2. Alternating current changes its direction.

3. The voltage is measured with voltmeters.

4. There are two kinds of electric current.

Exercise 7. Answer the following questions.

1. What is electric current?

2. What are the two types of electric current?

3. What is alternating / direct current?

4. When does electric current flow?

5. What is provided by a power source?

6. What is called a circuit?

7. What is an integrated circuit?

Exercise 8. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Електричний струм - це рух електронів або іонів.	1. Электрический ток - это движение злектронов или ионов.
2. Існує два види електричного струму	2. Существует два вида электрического тока.
3. Електронна схема складається з електронних ламп та / або транзисторів і супутніх елементів, таких як конденсатори, котушки індуктивності тощо.	3. Электронная схема состоит из электронных ламп и / или транзисторов и сопутствующих элементов, таких как конденсаторы, резисторы, катушки индуктивности и так далее.
4. Інтегральні схеми – дуже маленькі та надійні електронні схеми.	4. Интегральные схемы – очень маленькие и надежные электронные схемы.

Варіант З

Exercise I. Read the following words and word combinations. Memorize them:

electric current	електричний струм	электрический ток
charge	заряд, заряджена частка	заряд, заряженная частица
potential difference	різниця потенціалів	разность потенциалов
cause	змушувати, спричиняти	заставлять, вызывать
move	рухатися	двигаться
kind	вид	вид
alternating / direct current	змінний / постійний струм	переменный / постоянный ток
regularly	регулярно, через однакові проміжки часу	регулярно, через одинаковые промежутки
change	змінювати	изменять
direction	напрям	направление
flow	потік; текти	поток; течь
path	шлях	путь
through	через, по	через, по
complete	тут: замкнутий	здесь: замкнутый
transmit	передавати	передавать
commonly	звичайно	обычно
include	включати (до складу)	включать (в себя)
generator	генератор	генератор
magnetic means	магнітні засоби	магнитные средства
produce	виробляти	производить
function	функція	функция
source	джерело	источник
necessary	необхідний	необходимый
electromotive force	електрорушійна сила	электродвижущая сила
require	вимагати	требовать
basic	основний	основной
series / parallel circuit	послідовне / паралельне коло	последовательная / параллельная цепь
device	пристрій, прилад	устройство, прибор
connect	з’єднувати	соединять
so that	так, що	так, что
under such conditions	за таких умов	при таких условиях
the same	той же, однаковий	тот же, одинаковый
as	оскільки	так как, поскольку
single	єдиний	единственный, один
along	уздовж	вдоль, по
provide	забезпечувати	обеспечивать
passage	прохід, перебіг	ход, течение
be divided	розподілятися, ділитися	делиться, разделяться
in such a way	таким чином	таким образом
too great	надто великий	слишком большой
fuse	плавкий запобіжник	плавкий предохранитель
be used	використовуватися	использоваться
safety device	захисний пристрій	защитное устройство

Exercise 2. Read and translate the text in writing.

Electric Current and Electric Circuit

Electric current is the flow of electric charges. Potential difference causes charges to move. There are two kinds of electric current: alternating current and direct current.

Alternating current is an electric current which regularly changes its direction. Direct current is an electric current flowing in one direction only.

An electric circuit is a path through which an electric current flows. This is a complete path along which electrons can transmit their monly an electric circuit includes a battery, generator, or magnetic means for producing current flow. The function of an electrical source is to produce the necessary electromotive force required for the flow of current through the circuit.

There are two basic kinds of electric circuits: series circuits and parallel circuits. In a series circuit the electric devices are connected so that the current flows from one device to another. Under such conditions the current flow is the same in all parts of the circuit, as there is only a single path along which it flows.

The parallel circuit provides two or more paths for the passage of current. The circuit is divided in such a way that part of the current flows through one path, and part through another. If the current flow is too great a fuse is used as a safety device to stop the current flow.

Exercise 3. Identify among the following words (a) nouns, (b) adjectives, (c) verbal forms, (d) adverbs.

Difference, regularly, direction, flowing, commonly, generator, producing, required, electrical, connected, passage, divided, safety, electromotive.

Exercise 4. Identify the tense and voice of the following verbs.

Causes, was flowing, can transmit, include, can be used, are connected, is divided.

Exercise 5. Write out five sentences with Non-Finite forms of the verbs (two - with the Infinitive, one - with the Infinitive and Past Participle, one - with the Present Participle, one - with the Gerund) from the text. Identify their functions. Translate the sentences.

Exercise 6. Put questions to the underlined words.

1. Potential difference causes charges to move.

2. An electric circuit includes a battery, generator, or magnetic means.

3. There are two basic kinds of electric circuits.

4. In a series circuit the components are connected end to end.

Exercise 7. Answer the following questions.

1. What is electric current?

2. What two kinds of electric current are there?

3. What current regularly changes its direction?

4. What is an electric circuit?

5. What does an electrical source produce?

6. In what way is the parallel circuit divided?