INTERNATIONAL FOOD
THE HAMBURGER
Do you like Hamburgers?
What do you know about a hamburger?
The German town of Hamburg which was famous for its steaks gave it name to its food. Later, German immigrants brought the “hamburger steak” to the United States.
At the St. Louis World Fair in 1904 people could buy hamburger steaks on a small piece of bread for the first time.
Hamburgers on a small piece of bread were easy to eat and very tasty. Gradually, this became the US national food.
What made this food so popular?
The answer is McDonald’s, the fast-food restaurants.
When the first McDonald’s was opened in California, in 1949, hamburgers were the main food on its menu. People liked the restaurant’s fast service. In the 1960’s there were many McDonald’s restaurants round the country.
Today, of course, you can eat at McDonald’s restaurants
in almost any country of the world. And the main food on the menu is – as always – the hamburger. When we are busy and don’t have enough time, we go to McDonald’s and have the hamburger.
INTERNATIONAL FOOD
Слово MAC в английском языке имеет несколько значений. Оно может обозначать и фирменный бутерброд, подаваемый в Макдональдсе, и непромокаемый плащ (по имени изобретателя прорезиненной ткани, шотландского химика Ч. Макинтоша),и компьютер знаменитой фирмы Apple Macintosh. Кроме того, англичане часто называют так шотландцев, так как большинство шотландских фамилий начинаются на Mac или Mc: Macdonald, Mackintosh, MacCloud, McPherson. |
THE BIG MAC
1.haven’t got a clue 2.outsize gabardine 3.gargantuan 4.wrestler 5.to consume 6.familiar 7.to stand for 8. way back in 1954 9. milk-shake 10. mixing machine 11.French fries 12. to impress 13.to turn out 14.consistently 15. business empire 16. to found 17.franchise 18. to expand 19.enterprise 20. to vary 21. to set smb. вack 22.quality 23.to put in 24. vine 25. man in the street 26. disposable income 27. to afford 28. to land a job 29. privilege | 1.ничего не знаете об этом 2. нестандартного размера плащ - дождевик, макинтош 3.огромный, гигантский 4. борец 5. потреблять 6. хорошо знакомый 7.обозначать 8. ещё в 1954 году 9. молочный коктейль 10. миксер 11. чипсы 12.производить впечатление 13. производить, выпускать (изделия) 14.устойчиво, постоянно 15.торговая империя 16.основать 17.франшиза, право на продажу товаров и услуг 18.расширяться 19.предприятие 20. отличаться, варьироваться 21.обходиться, стоить к-либо 22.качество 23.вкладывать 24. лиана 25. обыкновенный (средний) человек, обыватель 26.чистый доход 27. позволить себе 28. получить работу 29. привилегия |
Everybody knows what a Big Mac is, don’t they? Well, just in case you haven’t got a clue, I’ll tell you what it isn’t. It isn’t an outsize gabardine. It isn’t a gargantuan computer. It isn’t a Scottish wrestler.
OK, so you know what it is and you’ve eaten one (or more) but do you know when it all started? And do you how many are consumed every day? And what do you know about the company behind the familiar yellow ‘M’?
That ‘M’ stands for something much bigger than the Moscow underground but not nearly as old. It all started way back in 1954 when a salesman called Ray Kroc sold some milk-shake mixing machines
to two brothers by the name of McDonald (Mac and Dick were their names). As well as selling milk-shakes, Mac and Dick also sold hamburgers and the best French fries Ray had ever tasted. What impressed Kroc was the fact that the two men were turning out ‘fast food’ which was of a consistently high standard. Less than fifty years later, the business empire that Ray Kroc founded (he bought up the franchise from the McDonald brothers) has expanded into one of the biggest commercial enterprises in the world.
Of course, the price of a Big Mac around the world varies considerably. It is most expensive in Israel where it will set you back 3.50$, whereas in the Philippines it’s just over one buck. But the leaders of the company want us to believe that the quality is always the same. Wherever you go in the world, you will get the same product: Moscow, Manila or Rio de Janeiro.
Some statistics that make more interesting reading are the figures for how many hours’ work someone has to put in to pay for a Big Mac.
In Brazil, where McDonald’s is growing faster than the tropical vines, the man in the street at last has a bit of disposable income and so can afford occasionally to go for a meal under the big yellow ‘M’. However, if you are a young Brazilian and are lucky enough to have just landed
a job with the best-known company in the world, you will have to work for more than three hours just for the privilege of buying a Big Mac.
Of course, McDonald’s is a great place for families to go.
Read and translate the text into Russian.
Answer the questions.
RUSSIAN CUISINE
Russin cuisine is rich and varied. In Russia there is a large variety of milk products: a sort of dry, granulated cream cheese called tvorog, thick sour cream called smetana, and several types of sour milk products of the yoghurt type.
Smetana is an almost universal flavouring sauce, or if you like, it can be drunk by the glassful with or without sugar. Smetana is made of cream. Kefir is a pleasant, useful beverage made of cow’s milk. It’s a dietary product. Ryazhenka is a sour milk product made of baked milk, very pleasant to taste.
There is a big choice of appetizers, soups, hot and dessert dishes. You can recommend your guests soft, pressed and red caviar.
How about soups? There are plenty of them. Fresh cabbage meat soup (shchee),
Moscow beetroot and cabbage soup (borshch), kidney and cucumber soup (rassolnik), meat and fish solianka, ookha (special fisherman’s soup), mushroom soup and soups in season – okroshka and cold beetroot soup are very popular with our guests.
For the hot dish, guests can order beef-Stroganoff and mashed potatoes, roast veal, special pot-roast stuffed cabbage-rolls (golubtsy), Siberian pelmeni and buckwheat kasha. Now a few words about buckwheat kasha, which may be eaten with meat like potatoes as well as cereal without, with butter or milk. It’s very popular in our country because it’s a very useful product. It’s recommended for stout people for people suffering from diabetes. Buckwheat kasha purifies our organism and makes us stronger.
How about dessert? For dessert you can have baked apples, fruit and berry kissels (made of fruit or berry juice and potato flour), compote (made of dried stewed fruit mixed), dessert fruits.
Russian cuisine is famous for its Russian pies which were baked in Russia in good old times and remain popular nowadays. They are: kulebiaka (a Russian pie with meat or cabbage filling), rastegay (a pie with special fish filling), open curd tarts (vatrushki), honey-cakes, twists of bread (krendeli), boubliki (thick ring-shaped rolls), baranki (ring-shaped rolls), sooshki (small ring-shaped crackers), Russian Easter cakes and various fancy-cakes.
As for drinks we should recommend fruit and berry beverages: morse, kvass and zbiten (an old Russian beverage made of kvass, cognac or vodka, honey, tea and spices). Welcome to our restaurants!
Answer the following questions:
1.Is Russian cuisine rich an varied?
2. Is there a large variety of milk products in Russia? What are they?
3. What Russian appetizers do you know? Name Russian cold meat dishes.
3. What are popular Russian hot appetizers?
5. What popular Russian soups do you know? Are Russians soups popular with foreign guests?
6. What are the famous Russian baked items?
7. What Russian fruit and berry beverages do you know?
8. What is zbiten made of?
9. Do you like khachapouri? What fillings can be used in making it?
10. What traditional New Year seet dish do you know? What is it made of?
Read and translate the text into Russian.
Answer the questions.
EATING HABITS IN BRITAIN
The traditional British breakfast is a cooked meal of bacon, eggs and sausages, preceded by cereal or fruit and followed by toast. Nowadays this large meal is served mainly in hotels and
is very popular with foreign visitors. Britons may eat this big breakfast at weekends or on special occasions but they prefer a smaller, healthier meal to start a normal day.
Lunch is a light meal and is eaten at school or work at about 1 pm. Lunch takes 30-40 minutes. Some offices have installed a microwave oven for employees to use. Popular lunches are: a salad or a sandwich; a baked potato; beans on toast.
Snacks are very popular in Britain, and many people frequently eat snacks between meals. Schools may also sell snacks, such as crisps, chocolate, sweets and biscuits. Instant snacks are the fastest-growing sector of the food market.
Dinner is usually the main meal of the day and consists of two courses – meat or fish and vegetables followed by a desert or pudding. Convenience and frozen foods are especially popular. Convenience meals are already cooked – all you have to do is to heat it up in a microwave. Most supermarkets sell a range of pre-packed meals to be heated in a microwave.
Takeaways became extremely popular in the 1980s. The traditional British takeaway is fish and chips eaten with salt and vinegar. Some fish and chips shops still wrap your meal in newspaper, others use special bags to keep it warm. Some give you a plastic fork. Most towns and cities now offer a wide range of takeaway meals, from American-style hamburgers to Turkish kebabs. Many families prefer to eat takeaway food for dinner instead of cooking.
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