Сравнение основных параметров типов песен зяблика (Fringilla coelebs L.) в разных географических популяциях Восточной Европы (Астахова, 2009) (стр. 8 )

Conclusions from results of correlations of parameters of song types of chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs L.)

in three geographical populations of the East Europe (Astakhova, 2009):

1) The certain quantity (amount) (N=154) significant correlations of song parameters was found out (-0,2> r > 0,2 at p <0,05, r - factor of correlation):

а) in any one of three geographical populations of chaffinch has come to light n=28 correlations of values of parameters (that makes 18,2 % from the general (common) number of significant correlations - both positive, and negative);

b) in anyone two of three geographical populations has come to light n=70 the general (common) ("+" and "-") correlations of parameters (45,5 % from the general (common) number of significant positive and negative correlations);

c) in all three geographical populations of chaffinch has come to light n=56 correlations of values of parameters (36,4 % from the general (common) number of significant correlations).

2) Concurrences of the certain correlation connections of song parameters of chaffinch within the limits of -0,2> r> 0,2 at p <0,05 more frequently met in two any geographical populations, less frequently - at once in three populations, less often - in one any population.

3) Correlations of song parameters of chaffinch are more significant and are stable in the displays, if are found in all three geographical populations of chaffinch at the same character of correlation - positive or negative (these stable correlations of parameters make n=18, 11,7 % from the general (common) number of correlations), are submitted below.

4) Similar correlations of parameters of species specific songs in all three geographical populations of chaffinch, having the same character (positive or negative) represent:

а) with increase in one parameter can increase in values and other parameter - positive correlation (+) (directly proportional connection), where × - a sign of correlation (all n=10, 6,5 % from the general (common) number of correlations) (+ + +):

· Min frequency, КHz × Intervals between songs, sec

· Max frequency, КHz × Median (average) frequency, КHz

· Max frequency, КHz × Intervals between songs, sec

· Median (average) frequency, КHz × Max frequency, КHz

· Length of started singing elements, sec × Prevalence of song types, %

· Intervals between songs, sec × Max frequency, КHz

· Length of a trill, sec × Intervals between songs, sec

· Prevalence of song types, % × Length of started singing elements, sec

· Intervals between songs, sec × Length of a trill, sec

· Intervals between songs, sec × Min frequency, КHz

b) with increase in one parameter can decrease in values other parameter - negative correlation (-) (inversely proportional connection), where × - a sign of correlation (all n=8, 5,2 % from the general (common) number of correlations) (- - -) :

· Prevalence of song types, % × Length of final stroke, sec

· Number of syllables (elements) in song × Length of final stroke elements, sec

· Length of started singing elements, sec × Length of started singing elements of a trill, sec

· Length of elements of a trill, sec × Length of started singing elements, sec

· Length of final stroke elements, sec × Number of syllables (elements) in a song

· Intervals between songs, sec × Length of final stroke, sec

· Length of final stroke, sec × Prevalence of song types, %

· Length of final stroke, sec × Intervals between songs, sec

5) Similar correlations of parameters of species specific song in any two of three geographical populations of chaffinch show relative stability and the smaller importance of these connections at variability (these less stable correlations of parameters - both positive, and negative - make a lot n=80, 52 % from the general (common) number of significant correlations) and represent:

а) prevalence of positive correlation of the given parameters, though can meet and negative correlation (+ + -) (make n=24, 15,6 % from the general (common) number of correlations), where × - the sign of correlation (it is resulted 12 key correlations of these parameters), with increase in one parameter can increase and other parameter:

· Length of song, sec × Number of syllables (elements) in a song

· Length of song, sec × Length of started singing, sec

· Min frequency, КHz × Number of syllables (elements) in a song

· Min frequency, КHz × Length of a trill, sec

· Max frequency, KHz × Prevalence of song types, %

· Max frequency, КHz × Length of trill elements, sec

· Median (average) frequency, КHz × Length of a trill, sec

· Number of syllables (elements) in song × Length of trill elements, sec

· Number of syllables (elements) in song × Length of a trill, sec

· Number of syllables (elements) in song × Length of started singing, sec

· Length of trill elements, sec × Length of final stroke elements, sec

· Intervals between songs, sec × Length of trill elements, sec

b) prevalence of negative correlation of the given parameters though can meet and positive correlation (+ - -) (make n=14, 9,1 % from the general (common) number of correlations), where × - the sign of correlation (it is resulted 7 key correlations of these parameters), with increase in one parameter can decrease other parameter:

· Length of song, sec × Min frequency, КHz

· Length of song, sec × Median (average) frequency, КHz

· Max frequency, КHz × Length of final stroke, sec

· Median (average) frequency, КHz × Length of trill elements, sec

· Prevalence of song types, % × Length of final stroke elements, sec

· Length of final stroke elements, sec × Length of final stroke, sec

· Max frequency, КHz × Length of final stroke elements, sec

c) сompletely positive correlation of parameters songs, but only in two any geographical populations of chaffinch (+ +) (make n=26, 16,9 % from the general (common) number of correlations), where × - the sign of correlation (it is resulted 13 key correlations of these parameters), with increase in one parameter can increase and other parameter:

· Length of song, sec × Length of final stroke, sec

· Length of song, sec × Length of started singing elements, sec

· Prevalence of song types, % × Intervals between songs, sec

· Min frequency, КHz × Prevalence of song types, %

· Min frequency, КHz × Length of trill elements, sec

· Max frequency, КHz × Length of a trill, sec

· Median (average) frequency, КHz × Prevalence of song types, %

· Median (average) frequency, КHz × Length of final stroke elements, sec

· Number of syllables (elements) in song × Length of final stroke, sec

· Length of started singing elements, sec × Intervals between songs, sec

· Length of started singing elements, sec × Length of started singing, sec

· Length of trill elements, sec × Length of a trill, sec

· Length of final stroke, sec × Intervals between songs, sec

d) completely negative correlation of parameters songs, but only in two any geographical populations of chaffinch (- -) (make n=16, 10,4 % from the general (common) number of correlations), where × - the sign of correlation (it is resulted 8 key correlations of these parameters), with increase in one parameter can decrease other parameter:

· Min frequency, КHz × Length of started singing, sec

· Min frequency, КHz × Max frequency, КHz

· Median (average) frequency, КHz × Number of syllables (elements) in a song

· Prevalence of song types, % × Number of syllables (elements) in a song

· Length of trill elements, sec × Length of started singing, sec

· Length of trill elements, sec × Length of final stroke, sec

· Length of started singing, sec × Length of a trill, sec

· Length of a trill, sec × Length of final stroke, sec

6) Thus, are found out above the listed correlations of song parameters of chaffinch with prevalence of positive (directly proportional) connection (n=52, 33,8 % from the general (common) number of correlations), and with prevalence of negative (inversely proportional) connection (n=28, 18,2 % from the general (common) number of correlations), which could meet as similar correlations only in two of three geographical populations of chaffinch, or in all three given populations, but with diverse character of correlations of these parameters (in one or two populations (+), and in other population (-) and on the contrary, to tab.), that can speak about them not absolutely stable characters of connection at variability, probably, to a lesser degree describing a species specific song of chaffinch.

7) Other less significant correlations of song parameters of chaffinch, which met only in any one of three geographical populations of chaffinch or in two geographical populations, but diverse character of correlations (in one population (+), and in other population (-) and on the contrary, tab.), make n=56, 36,4 % from the general (common) number of correlations. Probably, these connections of the certain song parameters of chaffinch can be exposed to significant variability (strongly to vary) and to characterize a species specific song of chaffinch a little. It is possible to result these poorly significant correlations of song parameters of chaffinch:

а) single positive correlations of song parameters (+) (make n=12, 7,8 % from the general (common) number of correlations), we result 6 key correlations of these parameters, where × - a sign of correlation:

· Length of songs, sec × Length of trill elements, sec

· Max frequency, КHz × Length of started singing elements, sec

· Prevalence of song types, % × Length of a trill, sec

· Length of final stroke elements, sec × Length of a trill, sec

· Intervals between songs, sec × Median (average) frequency, КHz

· Intervals between songs, sec × Length of started singing, sec

б) single negative correlations of song parameters (-) (make n=16, 10,4 % from the general (common) number of correlations), we result 8 key correlations of these parameters, where × - a sign of correlation:

· Length of song, sec × Prevalence of song types, %

· Length of song, sec × Length of final stroke elements, sec

· Min frequency, КHz × Median (average) frequency, КHz

· Min frequency, КHz × Length of started singing elements, sec

· Min frequency, КHz × Length of final stroke elements, sec

· Min frequency, КHz × Length of final stroke, sec

· Median (average) frequency, КHz × Length of started singing, sec

· Length of started singing, sec × Length of final stroke, sec

в) the single mixed correlations («+ -» in any two geographical populations of chaffinch) (make n=28, 18,2 % from the general (common) number of correlations), we result 14 key correlations of these parameters, where × - a sign of correlation:

· Length of song, sec × Max frequency, КHz

· Length of song, sec × Intervals between songs, sec

· Length of song, sec × Length of final stroke, sec

· Max frequency, КHz × Number of syllables (elements) in a song

· Max frequency, КHz × Length of started singing, sec

· Median (average) frequency, КHz × Length of started singing elements, sec

· Median (average) frequency, КHz × Length of final stroke, sec

· Prevalence of song types, % × Length of trill elements, sec

· Prevalence of song types, % × Length of started singing, sec

· Number of syllables (elements) in song × Intervals between songs, sec

· Number of syllables (elements) in song × Length of started singing elements, sec

· Length of started singing elements, sec × Length of final stroke, sec

· Length of started singing elements, sec × Length of a trill, sec

· Length of started singing elements, sec × Length of elements of final stroke, sec.

The table. A percentage parity (ratio) of song parameters of chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs L.) at correlation distribution (Astakhova, 2009)

Parameters of song types Separate correlations	Character of correlation only in one population	Character of correlation in two populations	Character of correlation in all three populations*
+	–	+ +	+ –	– –	+ + +	+ + –	– – +	– – –
Duration of song, sec	8,3% n=1	16,7% n=2	16,7% n=2	25% n=3			16,7% n=2	16,7% n=2
Frequency of song, KHz:
Min		33% n=4	25% n=3		16,7% n=2		16,7% n=2	8,3% n=1
Max	8,3% n=1		8,3% n=1	25% n=3	8,3% n=1	16,7% n=2	16,7% n=2	16,7% n=2
Median	8,3% n=1	16,7% n=2	16,7% n=2	16,7% n=2	8,3% n=1	8,3% n=1	8,3% n=1	16,7% n=2
Prevalence of song types, %	8,3% n=1	8,3% n=1	25% n=3	16,7% n=2	8,3% n=1	8,3% n=1	8,3% n=1	8,3% n=1	8,3% n=1
Number of syllables in song			8,3% n=1	25% n=3	16,7% n=2		41,7% n=5		8,3% n=1
Length of syllables, sec:
started singing	8,3% n=1	16,7% n=2	25% n=3	33% n=4		8,3% n=1			8,3% n=1
trill	8,3% n=1		16,7% n=2	8,3% n=1	16,7% n=2		25% n=3	8,3% n=1	8,3% n=1
final stroke	8,3% n=1	16,7% n=2	16,7% n=2	8,3% n=1	8,3% n=1		8,3% n=1	27,3% n=3	8,3% n=1
Intervals between songs, sec	16,7% n=2		16,7% n=2	16,7% n=2		33% n=4	8,3% n=1		8,3% n=1
Length of phrases, sec:
started singing	9% n=1	9% n=1	9% n=1	27,3% n=3	27,3% n=3		18,2% n=2
trill	16,7% n=2		25% n=3	16,7% n=1	16,7% n=2	8,3% n=1	25% n=3
final stroke		16,7% n=2	8,3% n=1	25% n=3	16,7% n=2			16,7% n=2	16,7% n=2

The note: the table shows, what character of correlation ("+" or "-") and in what degree (the importance) concerns to this or that parameter of species specific songs of chaffinch; together with percent (from the general (common) number of correlations of the given parameter on all characters) the quantity (amount) of separate correlations of parameter (n) is shown; values of correlation -0,2> r > 0,2 were taken into account at p <0,05; in total it is measured N=424 songs of different types in three geographical populations of chaffinch; "+" - positive correlation of values of time-and-frequency parameters of songs (directly proportional connection), "-" - negative correlation of values (inversely proportional connection); the quantity (amount) "+" or "-" means, in what number of chaffinch populations there were significant correlations of parameters; * - the strongest displays of correlation of parameters of species specific songs of chaffinch as mentions all three geographical populations.