Партнерка на США и Канаду по недвижимости, выплаты в крипто

30% recurring commission
Выплаты в USDT
Вывод каждую неделю
Комиссия до 5 лет за каждого referral

15. Point out the Tense of the first paragraph. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

16. Put questions to the text.

17. Write down in words the following numerals or daters.

-78-pre cents……………………………………………………………..

-80-pre cents……………………………………………………………..

-60-pre cents…………………………………………………………..

-91-pre cents………………………………………………………….

-After 1870……………………………………………………………

-By 1903………………………………………………………………

-By 1980s……………………………………………………………..

-Before 1986………………………………………………………..

-17th century…………………………………………………………..

Topic: AN ECONOMIC OUTLINE OF A COUNTRY

VOCABULARY

Text A

1. Read. Translate. Learn.

Manufacture – производство, изготовление, переработка, обработка;

Be employed – быть занятым/заниматься чем-либо;

Be employed in agriculture/ industry, etc. - быть занятым в с/х. промышленности и т. п.;

Employ smb. – трудоустраивать, нанимать кого-либо;

Agriculture – сельскохозяйственный;

Mining – горнодобывающая промышленность;

Manufacturing – обрабатывающая промышленность, промышленное производство;

НЕ нашли? Не то? Что вы ищете?

Manufactured goods – промышленные товары;

Per head of population – на душу населения;

Apart from smth. – помимо, кроме чего-либо;

Coal – уголь;

Iron – железо;

Ore – руда;

Natural resources – природные ресурсы;

Raw materials – сырье;

Industry – промышленность;

An industry – отрасль промышленности;

Oil – 1. масло (растительное или минеральное); 2. нефть, нефтепродукты;

Copper – медь;

Timber – строительный лес;

Cotton – 1. хлопок; 2. хлопчатобумажная ткань;

Farm – ферма, хозяйство;

Used to be smth. – был когда-то кем-либо/чем-либо;

Used to do smth. – делал что-либо когда-то;

Make room for smth. – освобождать пространство/место для чего-либо;

Cattle – крупный рогатый скот;

Sheep – овца;

Pig – свинья;

Breed smth. (breed, bred, bred) – разводить (животных);

Crop – урожай;

Crops – с/х культура (главным образом зерновые);

Wheat – пшеница;

Barley – ячмень;

Oats –овес;

One third, two thirds, etc. – одна треть, две трети и т. п.;

Tend to do smth. – иметь тенденцию делать что-либо;

Soil – почва;

Fertile – плодородный;

Merchant – купец, торговец;

Demand for smth. – спрос на что-либо;

Textiles – изделия текстильной промышленности;

Machinery – машины, машинное оборудование;

Expand trade (in smth.) – расширять торговлю (чем-либо);

Engineering – машиностроение;

Electrical – электрический;

Crisis (pl. crises) – кризис;

Bring about smth. – приводить к чему-либо, вызывать что-либо;

Unemployment – безработица;

Reach smth. – достигать чего-либо;

Share –доля, часть;

Industrial output – выпуск промышленной продукции;

Industrial – индустриальный, промышленный;

Production – 1. производство, выработка; 2. производительность;

Employment – занятость (рабочей силы);

Revival (of smth.) – возрождение, возобновление, оживление чего-либо;

Produce smth. – производить что-либо;

Quality – качество;

Characteristic of smb./smth. – характерный, типичный для кого-либо, чего-либо;

Article – изделие, товар, предмет производства;

Require smth./doing smth. – требовать чего-либо/нуждаться в чем-либо;

Skilled labor –квалифицированный труд;

Precision instruments – точные приборы;

Chemicals – изделие химической промышленности;

Consumer’ goods – товары широкого потребления;

Wool – шерсть;

Woollen – шерстяной;

Leather – кожа (выделанная);

Factory – фабрика, завод;

Steel – сталь;

Develop smth. – разбивать, совершенствовать чего-либо;

Disperse smth. – рассредоточивать что-либо;

Make progress – делать успехи;

Aircraft industry – авиационная промышленность;

Atomic power – атомная энергия;

Lay emphasis on smth. – делать упорно что-либо, придавать особое значение чему-либо;

War industry – военная промышленность;

Ton – тонна;

Mine coal/ore. etc. – добывать уголь/руду и т. п.;

Exhaust smth. – истощать, исчерпывать что-либо;

(nuclear) power plant – (атомная) электростанция;

Chemical – химический;

Plastics – пластмассы;

Silver – серебро;

Maize – кукуруза, маис;

Branch – 1. ветка (дерево); 2. отрасль;

Farming – 1. фермерское с/х. хозяйство; 2. земледелие;

Employ smth. – использовать, применять что-либо;

Technique – методы, приемы, техника;

Freezing – охлаждение;

Can smth. – консервировать что-либо;

Heavy/light industry – тяжелая/легкая промышленность;

Namely – а именно;

Textile – текстильный;

Grain – 1. зерно, зернышко; 2. зерно, зерновые культуры;

Distribute smth. – распределять что-либо;

(Un)evenly – (не) равенство;

Enterprise – 1. предприятие; 2. предпринимательство;

Plant – завод;

Branch – филиал, отделение;

Scientist – ученый;

Do away with smth. – покончить с чем-либо, ликвидировать что-либо;

Labor productivity – производительность труда;

Make a discovery – делать открытие;

Physics – физика;

Chemistry – химия;

Competition – конкуренция;

Survival – выживание.

2. Read and translate the text.

BRITISH ECONOMY

Text A

"Britain lives by manufacture and trade. For every person employed in agriculture eleven people are employed in mining, manufacturing and building. The United Kingdom is one of the world's largest exporters of manufactured goods per head of population.

Apart from coal and iron ore Britain has very few natural resources and mostly depends on imports. Its agriculture provided only half the food it needs. The other half and most of the raw materials for its industries such as oil and various metals (copper, zinc, uranium are and others) have to be imported. Britain also has to import timber, cotton, and fruit and farm products.

Britain used to be richly forested, but most of the forests were cut down to make more room for cultivation. The greater part of land is used for cattle and sheep breeding and pig rising. Among the crops grown on the farms are wheat, barley and oats. The fields are mainly in the eastern part of the country. Most of the farms are small (one third of them is less than one hundred acres!). Farms tend to be bigger where the soil is less fertile.

In the past century Britain secured a leading position in the world as manufacturer, merchant and banker. After World War I the world demand for the products of Britain's traditional industries - textiles, coal and machinery - fell off, and Britain began expanding trade in new engineering products and electrical goods.

The crisis of brought about mass unemployment, which reached its peak in 1932. Britain's share in the world industrial output decreased. After the crisis, production and employment increased following some revival in world trade and as a result of the extensive armaments program.

During World War II Britain's economy was fully employed in the war effort. Massed raids of German planes on British industrial centers caused considerable damage to Britain's industry. World War II brought about a further weakening of Britain's might. Great Britain is no longer the leading imperialist power it used to be. It has lost its colonies that used to supply it with cheap raw materials.

Britain produces high quality expensive goods, which has always been characteristic of its industry. A shortage of raw materials, as well as the high cost of production makes it unprofitable for British industry to produce semi-finished goods or cheap articles. Britain mostly produces articles requiring skilled labor, such as precision instruments, electronic equipment, chemicals and high quality consumer goods. Britain produces and exports cotton and woolen goods, leather goods, and articles made of various kinds of synthetic materials.

The original basis of British industry was coal mining, and the early factories grew up not far from the main mining areas. Glasgow and Newcastle became great centers of engineering and shipbuilding. Lancashire produced cotton goods and Yorkshire produced woolens, with Sheffield concentrating on iron and steel. -Birmingham developed light engineering. There appeared a tendency for industry and population to move to the south, particularly to the London area. (Britain's industry is now widely dispersed.) Great progress was made in the development of new industries, such as the aircraft, automobile, electronic industries and others. A number of atomic power reactors were made. Great emphasis was laid on the development of the war industry.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

3. Put questions to the text.

4. Translate the wards in brackets.

1. For every person employed in agriculture eleven people (быть занятым) in mining, manufacturing and building.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Britain also has (импортировать) timber, cotton, and fruit and farm products.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. The greater part of land is used for (рогатый скот) and (овцы) breeding and pig rising.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

4. After the (кризис), production and employment increased following some revival in world trade and as a result of the extensive armaments program.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….

5.Britain produces (высокого качества) expensive goods, which has always been characteristic of its industry.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….

6.The original basis of (Британская промышленность) was coal mining, and the early factories grew up not far from the main mining areas.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Great emphasis was laid on the (развитие) of the war industry. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……

5. Make up sentences using the wards (exercise 1). …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Read and translate the text.

Text B.

US ECONOMY

The United States is rich in natural resources, the main being iron ore, coal and oil. The nation produces more than 100 million tons of iron a year. Four fifths of the ore mined in the USA comes from the Great Lakes region. Though a great deal of the ore has been used up, its resources have not been exhausted. Most of the coal mined in the USA is used by power plants to produce electricity. Coal is also used in the chemical industries for the manufacture of plastics and other synthetics: The production, processing and marketing of such oil products as petrol (called gasoline or gas in the USA) make up one of America's largest industries.

The basic metals and minerals mined in the United States are zinc, copper and silver. Some of the main crops grown in the USA are wheat, maize 2, cotton, tobacco and fruit. Cattle breeding and pig rising make up an important branch of America's agriculture. To make the farmer's work more productive scientific methods of farming are employed and modern technique of freezing, canning and packing farm products is used.

The United States is an industrial country with various branches of heavy industry prevailing, namely, the mining, metallurgical, automobile and chemical industries as well as engineering. Many branches of light industry are also developed; among them are the textile, food and woodworking industries.

The leading US exports are industrial machinery, electronic equipment, armaments, grain, oil products and chemicals.

American industry is distributed unevenly. Originally most of the industrial enterprises were located in the eastern part of the country. But industry was spreading out, as there was a tendency to build factories far removed from the home plant and closer to natural resources and markets. Good transportation facilities and rapid communications systems made it possible for the main plants to keep in touch with branch factories.

A great deal of attention was devoted to research and the number of scientists and engineers at the plants was steadily growing. Mechanization and automation did away with thousands of office jobs, intensified production and increased labor productivity.

New industries are created as new discoveries are made in physics, chemistry and other sciences. Atomic energy, for instance, has created a wide range of new industries. Electronics has become a major industry.

Rapid development of communication means has facilitated I cooperation and control but increased petition is a struggle for survival, victory being on the side of professionals. Special emphasis is being laid on management training. A great number of schools and colleges are training young people to become industrial leaders.

7. Ответьте на вопросы, процитировав текст А.

1. What natural resources is Great Britain rich in?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. What raw materials does Great Britain import?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….

3. What does Great Britain export?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………

4. What did the crisis of 1bring about?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………..

5. What is the characteristic feature of Britain's industry?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Why is it unprofitable for Great Britain to produce semi-finished goods or cheap articles?

7. What are the main articles produced by British industry?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………

8. What are the main industrial canters of Great Britain?

9. What are Britain's main industries?

10. What can you say about Britain's agriculture?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. Закончите фразы, выбрав нужные словосочетания, перевести.

A. 1. Great Britain is rich in... (oil; gold; copper; silver; iron are; zinc; coal)

2. Great Britain has to import... (coal; agricultural products; electrical goods; chemicals; electronic equipment; oil; various metals; food products; cotton; timber; tobacco; wheat; fruit).

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….…

3. When the world demand for the products of Britain's main industries - textiles, coal and machinery - decreased, it began seeking compensation in new engineering products, such as... (cars; atomic power reactors; electrical goods; electronic equipment).

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..…

4. It is characteristic of Britain's industry to produce... (semi-finished goods; cheap articles; raw materials; high quality expensive goods; articles requiring skilled labor; precision instruments; electronic equipment).

5. The main products of Britain's industry are... (precision instruments; high quality consumer goods; electronic equipment; chemicals; textiles; ready-made clothing; manufactured goods; petrol).

6. A great number of new industries were added to the traditional ones such as... (the aircraft industry; the textile industry; the electronic industry; the shipbuilding industry; the automobile industry; mining; engineering).

7. The main crops grown in Britain are... (flax; cotton; wheat; maize; barley; tobacco; oats).

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………

8. In Britain they breed... (cattle, that is cows and oxen; horses; sheep; pigs; goats; deer; rabbits).

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

9.Ответьте на вопросы, процитировав текст B.

1. What are the chief natural resources of the USA?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….

2. How is the coal mined in the USA mainly used?

3. What are America's main industries?

4. Where are most of the industrial enterprises located?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..

5. What are the leading exports of the USA?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

6. What can you say about America's agriculture?

10. The United States of America is rich in natural resources such as... (copper; uranium ore; oil; zinc; silver; gold; iron ore; nickel; platinum).

1. The USA is an industrial country, with various branches of heavy industry prevailing, namely... (mining; engineering; shipbuilding; the automobile industry; the metallurgical industry; the textile' industry; the woodworking industry; the war industry).

2. A great deal of attention in American industry is devoted to... (raising labor productivity; improving the working conditions; the employment of labor-saving machines; management training).

3. Mechanization and automation lead to... (unemployment; increasing labor productivity; raising the living standard of the people; increasing the profits of big monopolies; increasing the cost of 'living).

4. American industry "was spreading out as there was a tendency to... (build factories and plants in big industrial centers; build factories and plants closer to markets and natural resources; devote more attention to management training).

5. Good transportation facilities and rapid communications systems made it possible for America's industry to... (introduce automation; build branch factories far removed from the home plants).

6. America's leading exports are... (electrical machinery; gold; uranium ore; grain; oil products; textiles; ships; chemicals; iron; coal; copper; electronic equipment; industrial machinery; armaments).

11. Передайте в косвенной речи содержание следующих фраз:

1. "The demand for such products has decreased." mentioned the lecturer.

2. "It's characteristic of British industry," said the speaker.

3. "Has any progress been made?" somebody asked.

4. "How many workers will be employed?" asked the manager.

5. "Does the work require a lot of time?" she wondered.

6. "Distribute the tickets, please," Miss Jones said to her assistant.

7. "Is the soil fertile?" asked the farmer.

12. Задайте вопросы, ответами на которые служат следующие предложения:

A. 1. No, it isn't. Apart from coal and iron ore Great Britain has very few natural resources.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. It imports raw materials for its industries such as oil and various metals. It also imports agricultural products.

3. It is a shortage of raw materials that makes it unprofitable for British industry to produce semi-finished goods or cheap articles.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….

4. It produces articles requiring skilled labor such as precision instruments; transport engineering equipment, electronic equipment, chemicals and high quality consumer goods.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..

5. It's widely dispersed, not concentrated in one area.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Cattle, sheep and pigs.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Wheat, barley and oats.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Where the soil is less fertile.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

9. No, it does not trade in timber.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

B. 1. The main natural resources of the USA are iron ore, coal and oil.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. It produces more than 100 million tons of iron a year. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. No, the resources of iron ore haven't been exhausted.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Most of the iron ore is mined in the region of the Great Lakes.

5. Coal is used for the manufacture of plastics and other synthetics.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

6. Oil is mostly used for the production of petrol.

7. The main branches of America's heavy industry are mining, engineering, and the metallurgical, automobile, chemical and war industries.

8. Yes, light industry is highly developed too.

9. American industry is mainly concentrated in the eastern part of the country.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

10. Good transportation facilities made it possible for America's industry to build plants and factories closer to natural resources and markets.

11. The leading exports are industrial machinery, electronic equipment, armaments, oil products, grain and chemicals.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. Закончите вопросы и ответьте на них:

A. 1. Does Great Britain live by agriculture or...? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Does Great Britain export raw materials or...?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Did the world demand for the products of Britain's main industries after World War I increase or. … ?

4. Did Britain's share in the world industrial output increase as a result of the crisis of 1or...?

5.Does Britain's industry produce high quality goods or...?

6.Is Britain's industry located in one area or...?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………

7.Is Britain still the mighty colonial power. it used to be or has it lost...?

B. 1. Is the USA an agricultural or... country?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

2. Have the natural resources of the USA been exhausted or is it still...? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Are most of the industrial enterprises located in the eastern part of the country or? .…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Does the USA import industrial machinery and electronic equipment or does it...? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

14. Find out wards in the table.

M………………………… C O………………….

I………………………….. T…………………..

P……………………… M O C…………………..

C…………………… W………………….

I…………………… A A O…………………..

O…………………. Z

S……………….

R……………. N L I D

T…………….

S U R N U

O O F

O S R

R I A T N T

L C T I R

E W

O S M

R T Y

U W O Y B

L N E

L O

T A

Раздел VII

ОСНОВЫ МАРКЕТИНГА И МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА

Раздел 7

Тема 7.1 «Азбука рынка»

По теме 7.1 студенты должны знать:

— лексический минимум по теме;

— отдельные лингвострановедческие реалии.
Должны уметь:

— поддержать беседу в рамках темы;

— понимать на слух и на письме иноязычную речь, связанную с темой.

..1,1. Семантизация лексики по теме.

7.1.2. Выполнение лексико-грамматической речи по теме.

7.1.3. Диалогическая, монологическая речь по теме.
Самостоятельная работа: составление делового словаря.

Тема 7.2 «Виды предприятий»

По теме 7.2 студенты должны знать:

— лексический минимум по теме;

— лингвострановедческие реалии по тематике.
Должны уметь:

— воспринимать распределена слух и на письме иноязычную речь, содержащую
лексический минимум темы;

— поддерживать элегантную беседу по теме.

7.2.1. Семантизация лексики по теме.

7.2.2. Работа с текстами по теме.
Самостоятельная работа:
Информативное чтение и перевод текстов.

Тема 7.3 «Схема управления предприятием»

По теме 7.3 студенты должны знать:

— лексику по теме;

— отдельные лингвострановедческие реалии.
Должны уметь:

— поддерживать диалогическую речь в рамках темы;

— читать и переводить со словарем тексты по теме.

7.3.1. Сематизация лексики по теме.

7.3.2. Выполнение лексико-грамматических упражнений, работа с текстами
плотностью распределения теме.

Самостоятельная работа: информативное чтение и перевод текстов.

Тема 7.4 «Реклам»

По теме 7.4. студенты должны знать:

— лексику по теме (включая клише);

— отдельные лингвострановедческие реалии.
Должны уметь:

— понимать на слух и на письме иноязычную речь по теме (включая
аутентичную периодику).

7.4.1. Сематизация и активизация лексики по теме.

7.4.2. Работа с аутентичными текстами по теме.
Самостоятельная работа: информативное чтение аутентичных текстов.

«Азбука рынка»

Text 1 "Management"

Text 2 "Marketing" A

Text 2.1 "Corporation" C"

Text 3 "The Management of the Company in Great Britain"

Text 4 "Advertising as a Career in the USA"

Dialogue

Vocabulary

Exercises

Text

Management

Management is the art of getting things done through other people. It includes the personnel who hare the right to make decisions that influence company's affairs. There are three management levels: top management, middle management and operating management. Top management includes the president, vice presidents and general manager. Middle management includes department managers and plant managers.

Operating management includes supervisors, foremen, etc. The most important responsibility of any manager is decision making. Successful management is a skill of choosing from alternatives. Decision makings are divides into: recognizing the problem, defining and analyzing the problem, evaluating alternative solutions, choosing the most favorable solution and implementing the approach chosen.

Management functions are planning, organizing, directing, staffing and innovating. It should be noted that successful management is based on three basic elements: leadership, motivation and communication. To operate a successful business one should hare management skills because effective management is the key to business success.

Exercise 1. Read and give the translation of the text “Management” in writhen form.

Из за большого объема этот материал размещен на нескольких страницах:
1 2 3 4 5

Экономическое сотрудничество (стр. 2 )

Партнерка на США и Канаду по недвижимости, выплаты в крипто

Text 2 "Marketing" A

Text 2.1 "Corporation" C"

Домашний очаг

Справочная информация

Техника

Общество

Образование и наука

Мир

Бизнес и финансы