Часть 3
I. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в нужной форме
1. At 5 o’clock yesterday they (to watch) the film.
2. Where she (to go) tomorrow evening?
3. – What you (to do) here yesterday the whole evening?
– We (to listen) to the tape-recorder.
4. My mother (to be) a teacher, but she (to be) on pension now.
5. As a rule, she (to get up) at 7 o’clock, but today she (to get up) very early.
6. I (to go) to the seaside tomorrow. You (to go) with me?
7. Look! Mary (to dance). She (to dance) every day at 8 o’clock in the morning.
8. Mary (not to go) to the cinema every Sunday.
9. I did not recognize Helen as I (not to see) her for a very long time and she greatly (to change).
10. I (to go) to Paris last year.
11. I (to want) to get the higher education. It (to be) easy?
12. When the train (to stop), I (to look) out of the window but (not to see) any of my friends there.
13. As I (to discover) later, they (to receive) it ten minutes before the train arrived and could not meet me.
14. We were greatly surprised not to find Ann at home. It turned out that her sister (to forget) to give her our message, and Ann (to leave) the house fifteen minutes before we (to come).
15. I (to read) books in the evening.
16. I (to write) an exercise now.
17. Who that man (to be) who (to stand) in the doorway?
18. Nobody (to want) to play tennis.
19. He (not to wash) the dishes now. He (to play) in the yard.
20. When the teacher told the boy to recite the poem? The boy (to burst) into tears: he (not to remember), though he (to try) to learn his lesson so hard.
II. Переделайте предложения в активном залоге в предложения в страдательном залоге.
Образец:
Software Workshop hosts many fine sites. - Many fine sites are hosted by Software Workshop.
1. I am sure they will offer you a very interesting job.
2. Mother cooked the dinner.
3. We bought this book yesterday
4. Mary had helped John before Mother came.
5. Richard threw a stone.
6. They offered me a chair.
7. I am sure they will offer you a very interesting job.
8. They recommended me several articles on that problem.
9. Someone taught him French and gave him a dictionary.
10. A masked gunman shot him.
11. I am watering my plants every day.
12. Yablochkov invented the electric lamp.
13. They have promised me some books on this problem.
14. A passer-by showed us the way to Trafalgar square.
15. They sent you the invitation last week.
III. Поставьте глагол в правильной форме, согласно правилам согласования времен
1. The teacher told the children that water --- at 100 degrees centigrade. (to boil)
2. Our Holy Books tell us that man ------- mortal. (to be)
3. He spoke so fast that I not follow him. (can)
4. I thought that she ---- knew that he had taken the first place in the chess tournament. (to know)
5. John sold vegetables that he -to raise)
6. His health has improved since he from the hills. (return)
7. Who told you that goats ------ on grass? (to live)
8. He said that he not believe it even if he saw it with his own eyes.
(would)
9. Yesterday the patient ----- better than he ------- today. (to feel/to feel)
the time he returned, I ---- ten pages of the report. (to type)
11. The surgeon who was going to perform the operation ----- ill yesterday. (to
fall)
12. While I TV, the telephone rang. (to watch)
13. She goes for a walk in the park when the weather ---- good. (to be)
14. John -- vegetables and later sold them. (to raise)
15. Peter - had washed the car when George arrived. (to wash)
IV. Переведите предложения на английский язык, определите тип условного предложения
Образец:
Если бы я был Премьер Министром, я бы увеличил налог для богатых людей. – If I were Prime Minister, I’d increase tax for rich people. ( II )
1. Если я не буду много гулять, я смогу больше поработать.
2. Вечером, когда я приду домой, я приму ванну.
3. Если бы я видела его вчера, я бы спросила его об этом.
4. Если бы я жил во дворце, у меня бы ли бы слуги, которые бы обслуживали меня.
5. Если бы я был богат, я бы отправился в кругосветное путешествие.
6. Что бы ты делал, если бы твой ребенок свалился в воду?
7. Он бы не простудился, если бы надел теплое пальто.
8. Мы были бы благодарны, если бы Вы были любезны прислать нам Ваш каталог дизелей.
9. Я дам вам эту книгу при условии, что вы вернете ее на следующей неделе.
10. Если бы ваши указания были получены десять дней тому назад, товар был бы отгружен вчера пароходом «Свирь».
V. Переведите предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на
наклонение.
Образец:
Управляющий вошел в офис, сел за письменный стол и начал просматривать утреннюю
почту. – The manager entered the office, sat down at his desk, and began to look through the
morning mail. (Indicative Mood)
1. Вы работали в этом институте с 2000?
2. Я думаю, что так много любви могло бы вас убить.
3. Берегите себя, пожалуйста.
4. Он предложил, чтобы вопрос был обсужден на следующем собрании.
5. Не ждите.
6. Он живет в Москве пять лет.
7. Они покрыли товары брезентом, чтобы они не были повреждены дождем.
8. Непременно приходите к нам сегодня вечером.
9. Как бы я хотел бы, чтобы он был с нами!
10. Пусть Евгений сходит за учебником.
Часть 4
Составьте резюме для устройства на работу.
Variant 7
Часть 1
The importance of emergency medical services
Many initiatives for cutting the volume of road traffic injuries focus on preventing crashes and on stopping their consequences from occurring. Much, though, can be done to reduce the deaths and injuries that occur as a result of road traffic crashes by strengthening a country’s emergency medical services – not only for children and young people, but for all road traffic victims. This includes pre-hospital care, hospital care and rehabilitation.
Pre-hospital care. At the scene of the crash, prompt high-quality pre-hospital care can save many lives after a road traffic crash has occurred. In places where formal emergency medical services exist, usually with ambulances, they are most effective if their equipment, training, infrastructure and operations are standardized. These vehicles need to be equipped with supplies and medical devices for children as well as for adults, e. g. airway tubes, cervical collars, blood pressure cuffs, etc. In addition, staff need to be trained on how to evaluate and manage injured children who are not “just little adults” - what is normal in an adult may not necessarily be normal in a child and vice versa.
Where no pre-hospital trauma care system exists, the first and most basic tier of a system can be established by teaching interested community members basic first aid techniques. In many countries, organizations like the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies or St John’s Ambulance teach young, interested members of a community how to recognize an emergency, call for help and provide basic first aid until formally trained health-care personnel arrive to give additional care.
Starting a new emergency medical service can be a reasonable step, especially along busy roads with high crash rates. However, these services can be costly. In all cases, and especially in those where there are no formal emergency medical services, pre-hospital care can be improved by building upon existing, even if informal, systems of pre-hospital care and transport.
Hospital care. The moment that an injured child enters the hospital is another point at which lives can be saved. Improving the organization and planning of trauma care services is an affordable and sustainable way to raising the quality and outcome of care. This includes improving the human resources that are required to provide this care – including skills, training and staffing – and the physical resources, such as the equipment and supplies needed for the services. Although the essential elements of trauma care need not be expensive, the cost of care can be a barrier to access, especially when user fees are required in advance of services in emergency situations.
Rehabilitation. Finally, many injured survivors of traffic crashes lead lives of disability. Much of this disability, particularly among youth, could be avoided with improved rehabilitation services. This includes improved services in health care facilities and improved access to community-based rehabilitation. Strengthening such rehabilitation services globally is needed to help minimize the extent of disability after injury and to help those with persistent disabilities achieve their highest potential, leading full and meaningful lives.
I. Переведите выделенные слова на русский язык. Переведите следующие слова
на английский язык.
количество –
снизить –
авария –
доврачебная помощь –
высококвалифицированный –
манжетка для измерения кровяного давления –
непредвиденный случай, крайняя необходимость –
персонал, трудовые ресурсы –
взнос –
нетрудоспособность –
II. Письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту:
1. What can be done to reduce the deaths and injuries that occur as a result of road traffic crashes?
2. What need vehicles with ambulances to be equipped with?
3. Why need staff to be trained on how to evaluate and manage injured children?
4. What can the first and most basic tier of a system, where no pre-hospital trauma care system exists be established?
5. What is an affordable and sustainable way to raising the quality and outcome of hospital care? What does it include?
6. How can disability be avoided?
III. Письменно переведите абзацы 2, 3 на русский язык.
Часть 2
The Clutch
A clutch is a mechanical device which provides for the transmission of power (and therefore usually motion) from one component (the driving member) to another (the driven member). The opposite component of the clutch is the brake. Clutches are used whenever the ability to limit the transmission of power or motion needs to be controlled either in amount or over time (e. g. electric screwdrivers limit how much torque is transmitted through use of a clutch; clutches control whether automobiles transmit engine power to the wheels).
In the simplest application clutches are employed in devices which have two rotating shafts. In these devices one shaft is typically attached to a motor or other power unit (the driving member) while the other shaft (the driven member) provides output power for work to be done. In a drill for instance, one shaft is driven by a motor and the other drives a drill chuck. The clutch connects the two shafts so that they may be locked together and spin at the same speed (engaged), locked together but spinning at different speeds (slipping), or unlocked and spinning at different speeds (disengaged).
Modern clutches typically use a compound organic resin with copper wire facing or a ceramic material. A typical coefficient of friction used on a friction disc surface is 0.35ų for organic and 0.25ų for ceramic. Ceramic materials are typically used in heavy applications such as trucks carrying large loads or racing, though the harder ceramic materials increase flywheel and pressure plate wear.
In a modern car with a manual transmission the clutch is operated by the left-most pedal using a hydraulic or cable connection from the pedal to the clutch mechanism. On older cars the clutch might be operated by a mechanical linkage. Even though the clutch may physically be located very close to the pedal, such remote means of actuation are necessary to eliminate the effect of vibrations and slight engine movement, engine mountings being flexible by design. With a rigid mechanical linkage, smooth engagement would be near-impossible because engine movement inevitably occurs as the drive is "taken up." No pressure on the pedal means that the clutch plates are engaged (driving), while pressing the pedal disengages the clutch plates, allowing the driver to shift gears or coast.
I. Переведите выделенные слова на русский язык. Переведите следующие слова на английский язык. Выпишите из текста по одному предложению, в котором употреблено данное слово. Переведите эти предложения на русский язык.
сцепление –
движение –
ограничить –
вращающий момент –
колеса –
скорость –
медь –
маховое колесо –
жёсткий –
II. Письменно выполните перифраз четвертого абзаца.
III. Поставьте к тексту пять вопросов разных типов.
Часть 3
I. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в нужной форме.
1. He (to go) to the theatre tomorrow.
2. Look! Kate (to go) to school.
3. My mother (to work) at the factory.
4. You (to work) at the office?
5. The weather (to be) bad yesterday. It (to be) raining all the time.
6. I (to come) home at 5 o’clock tomorrow.
7. He (not to go) to the library tomorrow evening.
8. I (to send) them the telegram and hoped that they (to meet) me.
9. Look! The cat (to play) with its tail.
10. I decided not to put on my raincoat as it (to stop) raining already and the sun (to shine) brightly.
11. The performance already (to begin), and they (to have) to wait till the first act (to be) over.
12. Nina never (to be) here before and she (to like) the theatre very much.
13. When we (to come) to the station, our train already (to leave), and we (to have) to wait for two hours before another one (to come).
14. Nobody (to want) to play tennis.
15. His sister (to bring) a kitten last week.
16. As I (to discover) later, they (to receive) it ten minutes before the train arrived and could not meet me.
17. At 3 o’clock yesterday he (to look) out of the window.
18. Her husband (to bring) me a cake last week.
19. Why you (to decide) to become a writer?
20. You (to read) books every day?
II. Переделайте предложения в активном залоге в предложения в страдательном залоге.
Образец:
The stone broke the window. - The window was broken by the stone.
1. She looked after her little sister when her mother was at work.
2. Mary had helped John before Mother came.
3. Richard threw a stone.
4. They offered me a chair.
5. I am sure they will offer you a very interesting job.
6. They recommended me several articles on that problem.
7. Someone taught him French and gave him a dictionary.
8. A masked gunman shot him.
9. I am watering my plants every day.
10. Yablochkov invented the electric lamp.
11. They have promised me some books on this problem.
12. A passer-by showed us the way to Trafalgar square.
13. They sent you the invitation last week.
14. I am sure they will offer you a very interesting job.
15. They recommended me several articles on that problem.
III. Поставьте глагол в правильной форме, согласно правилам согласования времен
1. Our Holy Books tell us that man ------- mortal. (to be)
2. The teacher asked the boys whether they ------- the problems. (to solve)
3. He spoke so fast that I not follow him. (can)
4. His health has improved since he from the hills. (return)
5. He kept quite that he please me. (may)
6. Who told you that goats ------ on grass? (to live)
7. He said that he not believe it even if he saw it with his own eyes. (would)
8. She ------- since she graduated from college. (to teach)
9. She went for a walk in the park when the weather ------ good.
10. Yesterday the patient ----- better than he ------- today. (to feel/to feel)
the time he returned, I ---- ten pages of the report. (to type)
12. The surgeon who was going to perform the operation ----- ill yesterday. (to fall)
13. While I TV, the telephone rang. (to watch)
14. She goes for a walk in the park when the weather ---- good. (to be)
15. John -- vegetables and later sold them. (to raise)
IV. Переведите предложения на английский язык, определите тип условного предложения
Образец:
Если бы я был Премьер Министром, я бы увеличил налог для богатых людей. – If I were Prime Minister, I’d increase tax for rich people. ( II )
1. Если бы я был президентом, я бы не стоял в пробках.
2. Они могли бы застать его там, если бы зашли после восьми часов.
3. Если бы я видела его вчера, я бы спросила его об этом.
4. Если бы Элеонора знала адрес гражданина Чернова, она бы посетила его во время своего визита в Минск.
5. Если Стив придет, покажите ему этот доклад.
6. Если бы у моего брата было время сейчас, он бы помог им.
7. Он мог бы это сделать, если бы попытался.
8. Если бы вы работали усерднее в прошлом году, вы бы теперь хорошо знали английский язык.
9. Мы будем подписывать контракт, если нам будут предоставлены выгодные скидки.
10. Если бы я была принцессой, я бы жила во дворце.
V. Переведите предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на
наклонение.
Образец:
Управляющий вошел в офис, сел за письменный стол и начал просматривать утреннюю
почту. – The manager entered the office, sat down at his desk, and began to look through the
morning mail. (Indicative Mood)
1. Я бы желал, чтобы они совсем не приходили. (Как жаль, что они пришли).
2. Прошлой зимой я проводил много времени в библиотеке.
3. Если бы мы так много знали о ней, мы бы знали и о Монике.
4. Я сказал, что уже напишу письмо к пяти часам.
5. Желательно, чтобы он был здесь в пять часов.
6. Смотрите, не захлопните дверь при выходе.
7. Было необходимо, чтобы они приняли меры немедленно.
8. Мы переведем статью к пяти часам.
9. Прекратите же драться, ребята!
10. Всем расслабиться!
Часть 4
Составьте резюме для устройства на работу.
Variant 8
Часть 1
A Rotor
A rotor is mounted on top the distributor shaft, and is connected by wire to the secondary winding of the coil. As the distributor shaft revolves, the rotor becomes similar to a rotary switch and directs the current to contact points embedded in the distributor cap. Each contact point is wired to a spark plug. As the rotor revolves it passes close to, but does not touch, the contact points. Current flows to each spark plug as the rotor passes close to the contact point to which it is connected. The current is interrupted by the breaker points as the rotor revolves past the contact point. As in the single cylinder engine the breaker points are “timed” to separate when each piston reaches the top of the compression stroke.
The importance of the ignition system cannot be overestimated. It must provide a spark that is “hot” enough to ignite the fuel-air mixture, and must be delivered to the combustion chamber at exactly the right moment if the engine is to operate efficiently.
An eight cylinder engine operating at 4,000 r. p.m. must produce and deliver to the right plugs 16,000 sparks every minute. This engine will produce approximately 12,500 sparks of 15 to 25,000 volts every mile, amounting to more than 200 sparks per second, or 1 every 005 of a second. For every thousand mile the breaker points open and close approximately 12,500,000 times.
The brake rotor, sometimes called a brake disc, is a key part of the brake assembly sub system of the car. The rotor is a disc that is usually made of metal though you can also find composite carbon and ceramic brake rotors. There are several types of brake rotors that are available. They are designed for different usage conditions. Two such special rotors are slotted rotors and cross drilled rotors.
I. Переведите выделенные слова на русский язык. Переведите следующие слова
на английский язык.
ротор –
валик распределителя зажигания –
поворотный переключатель –
крышка распределителя системы зажигания –
точка контакта –
система зажигания –
двигатель –
искра –
тормозной диск –
щелевые роторы –
II. Письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту:
1. What function does rotor perform?
2. What types of rotors do exist?
3. What is the role of ignition system?
4. What is the difference between slotted and drilled rotors?
5. How many times do the breaker points open for every thousand mile?
6. What does the rotor disc is made of?
III. Письменно переведите абзацы 2, 3 на русский язык.
Часть 2
Arc welding
Arc welding is a type of welding that uses a welding power supply to create an electric arc between an electrode and the base material to melt the metals at the welding point. They can use either direct (DC) or alternating (AC) current, and consumable or non-consumable electrodes. The welding region is sometimes protected by some type of inert or semi-inert gas, known as a shielding gas, and/or an evaporating filler material. The process of arc welding is widely used because of its low capital and running costs. Getting the arc started is called striking the arc. An arc may be struck by either lightly tapping the electrode against the metal or scratching the electrode against the metal at high speed.
While examples of forge welding go back to the Bronze Age and the Iron Age, arc welding did not come into practice until much later. In 1802, Vasily Petrov discovered the continuous electric arc and subsequently proposed its possible practical applications, including welding. In 1881-82 a Russian inventor Nikolai Bernardos created the first electric arc welding method known as carbon arc welding, using carbon electrodes. The advances in arc welding continued with the invention of metal electrodes in the late 19th century by a Russian, Nikolai Slavyanov (1888), and an American, C. L. Coffin.
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