Exercise 34. Use the Present Continuous to refer the actions in the following sentences to the future:
1. The president, with his wife and daughter, (to return) from a brief vacation at San Valley in order to attend a press conference this afternoon. 2. – I `m Mr. Brown. And I have an appointment with your chief. Now where I (to go in)? 3. Where we (to go from) here? 4. They (to start) a new sales compaign next week. 5. What you (to do) this evening? 6. I have a lot of undone work and no time, but my boss (to come) tomorrow. 7. This week the Board of Directors (to held) an annual meeting. 8. Next year they (to take a business trip) to Australia. 9. My secretary (to retire) this month, so I need a new one. 10. Today we (to take part) in industrial exhibition.
5.3. Future Indefinite Tense
Exercise 35. Open the brackets using the verbs in Future Simple and translate the sentences into Russian:
1. The new model of the car (to go on sale) in 20The employment of the new staff (to begin) next month. 3. The demand for the product (to vary) with time. 4. The development of management skills (not to come about) solely by reading books or attending courses. 5. The three apartment houses (to cost) more than $ 1.5 million. 6. The global economy at least (to have) to maintain its current pace of expension in order to generate the 500 million new jobs needed during the next decade to reduce the current number of unemployed. 7. International assistance and technical cooperation to developing countries (to be) of value. 8. Candidates (to need) leadership, communication, strategic planning and management skills, demonstrated by a track record at senior level in the private or public sectors. 9. An increase in price ussually means that production (to become) more profitable. 10. Changes in the total population and changes in the age distribution (to affect) both the total demand for goods and services and the composition of that demand. 11. Millions of products and services (to have) to be repriced in the nearest future. 12. Because these watches are of a poor quality, we (not to sell) them in our store. 13. Programmes (to draw upon) the skills of our in-house experts in health sector development and financing as well as educationalists from relevant institutions internationally. 14. In the nearest future the International Capital Markets Department (to play) a central role in the conceptual work related to the international financial system. 15. Knowledge of the rail industry or another complex service delivery business (to be) highly desirable for this work. 16. A large percentage of our stockholders (to vote) by proxy. 17. My next mortgage payment (to reduce) the principal to $ 9,6Engineers are dreaming up a wide array of new subscription services that (to help) people to shop, manage their finances, communicate with one another, and organize their lives. 19. Businesspeople hope that the euro (to become) stronger. 20. Personal Department (to begin) its work on Wednesday of next week.
Exercise 36. Translate the sentences into English using Future Simple:
1. Надеюсь, расширение нашего предприятия даст вам возможность создать новые рабочие места. 2. Набор новых кадров начнется на следующей неделе. 3. Завтра журналисты напишут о рекламной кампании нашей фирмы во всех газетах и журналах. 4. Он не будет поступать на работу в эту компанию. 5. Когда вы свяжитесь с представителями зарубежных компаний? 6. Я уверен, что наша совместная работа в ближайшее время даст результаты. 7. Какие меры по предотвращению распада предприятия вы примите? 8. Новый курс политики приведет к экономическому спаду в стране. 9. В следующем году наше предприятие организует обучение сотрудников на местах без отрыва от производства. 10. Вы будете отвечать за документацию, а ваш коллега – за связи с общественностью.
Exercise 37. Compose the sentences of Future Simple using the following words:
1. things, they, will, a, depend, of, upon, number.
2. next, the, will, part, time, campaign, in, who, advertising, take.
3. will, its, different, different, for, be, people, value.
4. year, own, two, they, will, in, their, a, open, or, shop.
5. probably, jail, will, to, the, go, defendant.
6. your, I, at, afternoon, questions, will, meeting, answer, our, this.
7. firm, no, year, furniture, this, his, more, manufacture, his, wiil.
8. to, behind, we, products, will, stand, happy, our, be.
9. Government, the, foods, of, the, will, price, raise.
10. us, sister, this, work, his, summer, youngest, will, for.
5.4. Past Indefinite Tense
Exercise 38. Open the brakets using the verbs in Past Simple and translate them into Russian:
1. He (to accept) the merchandise and (to pay) the seller with a personal check. 2. They (to design) and (to market) this unusual devised. 3. The salesman (to accept) the challenge and (to sell) 45 major appliances in one day. 4. The check for $ 907 (to arrive) on September 19, 19On Friday Mr. Lucien (to sign) your report but (to forget) to sign mine. 6. I (to leave) because he (to refuse) to raise my pay. 7. She (to buy) items priced at $ 0,98, $ 4 and $ 9,Looking to the future, he (to open) a saving account. 9. In October the cost of living (to raise) less than one per cent. 10. Nearly 80% of the population (to vote) in the recent state election.
Exersice 39. Write the correct form of the verb given in breakets:
1. One third of the dishes in the crate (was, were) broken.
2. If Richard (was, were) in Pittsburgh last week, he probably saw the report.
3. There (is, are) several important decisions to be made.
4. Maloney obviously wishes that he (was, were) in charge of this department.
5. Every man and woman present (was, were) asked to sign the petition.
6. Tracy would make a fine department head if he (was, were) more forceful.
7. Most of the writing on the first two pages (is, are) illegible.
8. If your agent (was, were) in Atlanta on Tuesday, he may have visited our plant.
9. Roche, Martinez & Gurley, Inc., (has, have) grown rapidly in recent years.
10. Mr. Kadish told me that he would hire more salespeople if he (was, were) in
my position.
Exersice 40. Indicate the correct response:
1. Apley has never ( wore, worn) a sweater to work.
2. Before he complained of dizziness, he had ( swam, swum) a considerable distance.
3. Sal became ill because he had ( drank, drunk) a full glass of the tainted water.
4. Before yesterday's meeting she ( lay, laid) down for a short rest.
5. 'The report you want is ( lying, laying) there on the table.
6. About an hour ago I ( laid, layed) the brochure on your desk.
7. The missing documents are probably ( hid, hidden) in a file drawer.
8. He asked me if I had ( shook, shaken) the speaker's hand.
9. Our sales team has never ( beat, beaten) yours.
10. At the end of December your team ( lead, led) by a comfortable margin.
Exercise 41. Put the verbs in the brackets into Past Simple and translate the sentences into Russian:
1. Britain (to be) the first bourgeois state, the country where the industrial revolution (to begin). 2. The export of wool, and later woolen cloth, (to stimulate) changes in productive relations which (to leed) to the replacement of feudalism by capitalism. 3. Along the time towns (to develop) as centers of trade with their own fairs and markets. 4. The growth of production and trade (to mean) more money in the hands of landowners and merchants. 5. Many peasants (to go off) to the towns, or (to find) new lords to employ them for higher wages or to give them land on easier terms. 6. The rate of profit (to be) high, and capital accumulation (to be) rapid. 7. The greatest advantages from the age of discovery (to come) to England, which (to pioneer) the exploration and settlement of North America. 8. Drake (to make) a profit of 4,700 per cent on one of his adventurous expeditions, and one of his shareholders, who received £250,000 as her share of the profits, (to be) Queen Elizabeth I of England. 9. The financial organization (to need) for new exploration and trading voyages, with a number of shareholders providing the capital, (to mark) a new stage in the development of trade. 10. The slave trade (to become) the most prosperous English undertaking during the eighteenth century, and the source of a large part of the primary accumulation of capital which (to make) possible the industrial revilution.
Exercise 42. Translate the sentences into Russian putting the verbs in the brackets into Past Simple:
1. In 1989 Europe (to experiance) a geopolitical earthquake of the first magnitude. 2. The dramatic events of 1989 (to be) a course for much joy and celebration in Europe and throughout the world, but they (to generate) uncertainty within the Community and (to raise) new questions about the future of European integration. 3. In December 1991, EC leaders (to meet) in the Dutch town of Maastricht and (to agree) to the Treaty on European Union. 4. The heart of the treaty (to be) a plan for achieving full monetary and currency union among EC countries by 19The treaty also (to establish) new intergovernmental mechanism for cooperation on foreign and security policy, as well as on immigration, police, and judicial affairs. 6. The institutional development of the present-day EC (to begin) with the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community in 19At that time six countries – the FRG, France, Italy, and the Benelux countries (Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg) – (to agree) to place their coal and steel industries under supernational control. 8. In the 1960s, the fledgling Community (to begin) to experience a number of problems that (to slow down) its continued evolution and (to inhibite) progress toward further intergration. 9. The community (to consolidate) the parallel institutions of its heretofore three separate organizations – the EEC (the European Economic Community), the ECSC (the European Coal and Steel Community), and the Euratom; from this point there (to be) the single European Community, with one executive commission, a council of ministers, and the European Parliament. 10. The Franch president (to underline) his acceptance of German unity and even (to indicate) approval of plans for German monetary union. 11. The committee (to arrive) at a series of important decisions concerning the situation in the country. 12. Whenever John (to appear) before the public, he (to do) his best to attract attention to his person. 13. It (to be) he who (to represent) his country in the United Nations and later (to become) ambassador to Great Britain. 14. The staff (to ask) us to have identification cards in order to check documents out of the building. 15. The information officer at the bank (to tell) his customers that there (to be) several different kinds of checking accounts available. 16. The program, however, (not to begin) at the scheduled time. 17. Brad (to agree) to work overtime because he (to need) extra money. 18. He (to be) once a millionaire, but he (to make) several poor investments.
Exercise 43. Translate the sentences into English:
1. Правительство существенно сократило экспорт угля. 2. Доля рынка увеличилась за счет использования каналов распределения. 3. Около века назад стандартная рабочая неделя составляла более 60 часов. 4. Еще несколько лет назад наша фирма не уделяла большого внимания рекламе. 5. Мы решили прервать поставку оборудования в страны ближнего зарубежья. 6. Расширение штата дало нам возможность создать новые рабочие места. 7. Дирекция нашей компании рассмотрела предложение о начале выпуска новой продукции. 8. В прошлом месяце закрылась фабрика по производству машинного оборудования, и в результате 1500 человек потеряли рабочие места. 9. В то время основной целью нашего предприятия было выйти на международный рынок. 10. В прошлом году у нашей фирмы появилось много конкурентов. 11. Благодаря эффективному изучению спроса на внешнем рынке, мы завоевали новых клиентов. 12. Кто в прошлый раз отвечал за выполнение проекта? 13. На прошлой неделе наша компания приняла несколько новых специалистов. 14. Вчера я сдал полный отчет о проделанной работе.
5.5. Past Continuous Tense
Exercise 44. Use the Past Continuous for the verbs in the brackets and translate the sentences into Russian:
1. We (to hope) to find a more experianced investment analyst. 2. What you (to do) at this time last month? 3. When I saw him, he (to work) for General Motors. 4. The secretary (to look through) the papers when we came in. 5. While other companies (to progress), our one (to move) backwords. 6. He really (to have problems). 7. Some manufacturing factories (to have difficulty) obtaining raw materials needed. 8. As a result of mergers and takeovers companies (to become) larger. 9. In 1990s more than 25 million low-income people (to receive) food stamps each month. 10. When F. D. Roosevelt took office in 1933 banks in many parts of the USA (to fail). 11. He ( to have problemes) finding a job because of his English, when he lived in London.
5.6. Future Continuous Tense
Exercise 45. Put the verbs in the brackets into the Future Continuous and translate the sentences into Russian:
1. He (to have free time) at 5 a. m. tomorrow. 2. They (to work) on this project for the next year. 3. The White House (to hope) that he can do the job. 4. He expects that by 2009, some $7 billion (to come from) completely new areas of business. 5. If appointed, Mr. Smith (to aim) to do the same job for you. 6. When population is growing fast, the proportion of the people in the younger age (to increase). 7. I (to start) my work at this office soon.
5.7. Present Perfect Tense
Exercise 46. Open the brackets using the verbs in Present Perfect and translate the sentences into Russian:
1. France Telecom just (to launch) its most expensive publicity campaign. 2. The United States, Japan and many other nations (to work) to increase world trade. 3. Over the past 75 years, stocks (to outperform) bonds and other debt securities by a huge margin. 4. The annual return on a broad portfolio of stocks (to average) 9 percentage points more than the return on risk-free U. S. Treasury bills. 5. American voters rapeatedly (to signal) their wish to be governed from the moderate center. 6. Investment in information technologies (to drive) the economic expention since the mid-1990s. 7. The Center (to establish) itself as an important new international institution. 8. The secretary (not to bring) me the letters for signature, as she (not to type) them yet. 9. An unexpected rise in the cost of living as well as a decline in employment opportunities (to result) in the rapid creation by Congress of new government programs for the unemployed. 10. Shareholders already (to approve) plan to restructure $12.4 billion in bank debt. 11. The result is that Asian economies (to become) even more dependent upon export. 12. Trade unions (to try) to negotiate about good conditions for their members. 13. With globalisation and better technology, life (to become) more complex. 14. I just (to learn) that the Oland Company is going out of business. 15. More than ¾ of our employees (to attend) the American Institute of Banking. 16. In recent years, automobile insurance (to become) very expensive, especially liability protection. 17. No company in history (to amass) as much data about its customers as Microsoft hopes to possess. 18. Globalization (to scramble) the tidy criteria that money managers once used to pick an international portfolio. 19. The euro was born on January 1, 1999, but (to remain) an abstraction, used in corporate accounts, stock and bond markets, EU budgets, and other arenas that don`t require exchange of actual cash. 20. The EU, the world`s largest donor of development assistance, (to decide) to entrust a new institution with management of its international assistance budget.
Exercise 47. Translate the sentences into English using Present Perfect:
1. Цены существенно изменились за последние годы. 2. Я никогда ничего раньше не слышал об этой компании. 3. За прошедшую неделю процентные ставки выросли. 4. С прошлого года количество частных предприятий сократилось вдвое. 5. Он сыграл активную роль в глобальной экономической политике. 6. Эти промышленные системы уже окупили затраченные на них средства. 7. Зарубежные компании уже инвестировали в Китай около $182 миллиардов. 8. До сих пор мы еще не приняли окончательного решения о вступлении в международную ассоциацию. 9. Наша фирма уже завоевала надежную репутацию на отечественном рынке. 10. Мы уже рассмотрели ваше предложение о перенесении выпуска продукции из России в страны ближнего зарубежья.
Exercise 48. Open the brackets putting the verbs into Past Simple or Present Perfect:
1. The production monopoly (to go) already. 2. Canon`s head of the U. S. team (to spend) almost six month visiting retail outlets across the United States. 3. A baby powder company (to fret about) the relatively low demand for baby powder until it (to do) some research on how the Japanese live. 4. This company (to pioneer) in this technology since 19He just (to ring up) you. 6. Many executives still (to show) little interest in the subjects of electronics, mathematics and so on. 7. In the 1970`s and 1980`s many capitalist countries in Western Europe (to introduce) regulations to protect the environment from further damage, particularly from pollution. 8. For some time now, Japanese banks (to be) less enthusiastic lenders abroad. 9. Due to its telented director the firm (to become) much bigger. 10. In 1957, six European nations (to form) the European Economic Community (EEC), which (to remove) all trade barriers among them. 11. Last December, many forecasters (to predict) a volatile year for this sector. 12. Over the past year, investors` experiences with large-cap stocks (to range) from dissappointment, as with IBM, to outright disaster, as with Yahoo. 13. The industry (to make) great progress in sustainable forest management. 14. She never (to be) outside her town, but always (to dream of) travelling. 15. The intergovernmental conference on European Political Union (to begin) without a clear agenda or plan. 16. The end of cold war dramatically (to alter) the European security enviroment and (to generate) new pressures for foreign and defense policy cooperation. 17. Since 1979, Soros, a native Hungarian, (to plough) more than $100 m of his speculation profits into funding an 18-strong network of foundation spanning central and eastern Europe and Russia. 18. Soros (to make) his name as the billionaire benefactor of the eastern bloc. 19. Professor Tim Hopkins (to be) the Managing Director of Lombard Street Research since he (to found) the Company in July 19China`s exports to the United States (to grow) by 1600 percent over the past 15 years, and US exports to China (to grow) by 415 percent.
5.8. Past Perfect Tense
Exercise 49. Use Past Perfect Tense in the following sentences and translate them into Russian:
1. He said he never (to be) to England. 2. When the company joined the New York stock market, it already (to be) on the London market for 5 years. 3. As soon as we (to instal) the new line, productivity went up. 4. The manager reported that the company (to have) a good year. 5. I suggested meeting again after we (to read) the proposals. the time police arrived, the man (to leave). 7. The loss from discontinued operations was twice as high as the company (to predict). 8.Yet after only two years in office things were not going the way the President (to plan). 9. Until this year the firm (to enjoy) 16 years of uninterrupted profit growth. 10. It was found that the foreman to whom the firm ( to assign) responsibility for conducting the safety training program did not himself have the necessary safety knowledge and training.
Exercise 50. Put the verbs into Past Simple or Past Perfect and translate the setences into Russian:
1. The Prime Minister (to produce) evidence which the special committee (to obtain) in the course of investigation. 2. The director (to ask) if the secretary already (to come). 3. Women`s roles in society (to begin) to change with the advent of the industrial revolution. 4. Most women (to spend) their lives at home, primarily as carers of husband and family. the end of work yesterday Ms. Mills (to dictate) 14 letters. 6. George (to be) here for only ten minutes when the telephone (to ring). the time we (to arrive), the meeting already (to end). noon yesterday Mr. Temple (to locate) the source of the problem. 9. In the past 20 minutes she (to type) two of the four letters you (to dictate). 10. The clerk (to tell) me on Monday that he already (to sell) the four tape recorders. 11. Untill today our computer (to perform) flawlessly. 12. The up-dated report (to tell) that the dam (to burst). 13. He (to finish) ten years of school, but he could hardly write. 14. Because she (to omit) my name, she (to feel) bad. 15. Because the tractor (to brake down) four times within a month, we (to dispose of) it.
5.9. Future Perfect Tense
Exercise 51. Translate the sentences using Future Perfect for the verbs given in breakets:
this time next month he (to celebrate) his thirtieth birthday. 2. We (to perfect) space vehicles by 2000 A. D. this time tomorrow they (to assemble) 850 vehicles. 4. Mr. Gaines (to reach) Boston by six o`clock. the time we meet again, you (to receive) your degree. 6. Our witness (to testify) by the time you reach the courtroom. the end of this quarter his total sales (to reach) $300 0By the time she leaves next month, she (to be) with the firm for 22 years. 9. Within a few years all leading companies (to achieve) high levels of digitally aided knowledge sharing. 10. If Mr. Brown fails to get the job, the accounting industry (to score) an unwelcome victory. 11. I`ll be back at five. I hope you (to have a good rest) by that time. then I (to collect) the last cent of what he owes.
5.10. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Exercise 52. Use the Present Perfect Continuous in the following sentences:
1. May be stocks (to rise) in part because people (to lose) their fear of stock volatility. 2. We (to test) five new applications since the beginning of the year. 3. We (to develop) this product for three years. 4. For several weeks the media (to report) on the decline of the dollar. 5. I (to manage) groups of people since I was 25 years old. 6. For nearly 10 years forcasters (to say) that computer hardware is getting cheaper at the rate of 25% to 30% per year. 7. I (to work) in this enterprise as an accounter since last year. 8. Many leaders in business (to talk) about productivity for some time now. 9. The oldest of these machines (to operate) for 5 years and the newest for less than a year. 10. This skill typically (to lack) with many people. 11. The drift of the population and employment to the suburbs (to go on) for a long time. 12. Sales (to fall) recently.
5.11. Review of the Tenses
Exercise 53. Translate the senteces into English using the proper tense form:
1. Наша компания ежегодно составляет план маркетинга, который включает меры по «4 P`s». 2. Как часто ваши сотрудники ездят в командировки за границу? 3. Дважды в год мы посылаем рекламные проспекты и листовки дочерним фирмам за рубежом. 4. В прошлом году я открыл депозитный счет и сейчас получаю высокие дивиденты. 5. Его предприятия продолжают завоевывать новые рынки сбыта. 6. Я подал заявление в прошлом месяце, но все еще не получил ответа. 7. Насколько мне известно, руководитель проекта отклонил ваше предложение. 8. В целом, собрание прошло успешно и совет директоров удовлетворил наш запрос. 9. Его резюме не содержит сведений о его первом месте работы. 10.В прошлом квартале руководство не уволило ни одного работника.
Exercise 54. Open the braсkets using the proper tense forms and translate the text into Russian:
Henry Ford (to build) a 100-percent American-made automobile. Ford`s Rouge plant in Dearborn, Michigan, was built in 1919 to turn out the country`s first Model-Ts. The plant (to have) it`s own steel mill, glass factory, and 32 other separate manufacturing plants under one roof. The only foreign element in a Model-T (to be) rubber from Malaysia, and Henry Ford (to make) a vain but valiant effort to grow rubber trees. Not untill synthetic rubber in the 1940s the Ford (to become) 100 percent American. It was manufactured entirely in the Rouge plant, then the world`s largest single industrial complex.
In the early 1960s things (to begin) to change. The last American-made Ford automobile (to roll off) the assembly line. About the same time, a memorandum from Henry Ford II (to set) forth a new policy: “In order to further the growth of our worldwide operation, each purchasing activity of the company or an affiliated company should consider the selection of sources of supply not only in its own country but also sources located in other country” or, to paraphrase: If it (to be) cheaper abroad, get it abroad. Ford`s memorandum (to be) a harbinger of American business.
Exercise 55. Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form:
1. Many economic systems (to undergo) fundamental changes during the last decade of the 20lh century. 2. The element of tradition (to be) more evident in the rural areas of the developing countries of Asia and Africa. 3. The element of command (to be) most evident in the former Soviet Union until the country (to collapse) and (to replace) by 15 independent countries. 4. The American economy (to be) a mixed capitalist economy. 5. When the failure of communism (to be) publicly acknowledged, most centrally planned economies (to look) at the market mechanism to achieve more and better output. 6. In reality all of the communist countries (to neglect) market incentives before. 7. The default of 1998 (to damage) the economy greatly. 8. In recent times some well-run Russian manufactures (to begin) to produce marketable products. 9. When the Thatcher government (to come) to power the nationalization process (to be reversed), many enterprises (to be sold) off to the private sector. 10. When crushing debt levels (to lead) to spectacular bond defaults and bankruptcies, companies (to spend) most of their balance sheets, restructuring debt. 11. In recent times some well-run Russian manufactures (to begin) to produce marketable products. 12. More and more people (to work) part time, although women most likely to do so than men.
Exercise 56. Translate into English:
1. Когда я вошел в зал, аспиранты все еще обсуждали первый доклад. 2. Он пишет диссертацию уже три года. 3. Дождь все еще идет, я вижу дождевые капли на стекле. 4. Этот человек, конечно, очень хорошо говорит по-английски, но мне трудно успевать за ним, так как он говорит очень быстро, а я знаю язык недостаточно хорошо. 5. Если вы откажетесь от работы сейчас, вам никогда больше не представится такая возможность. 6. Я соглашусь присоединиться к вам после того, как узнаю, кто остальные члены этой организации. 7. Я буду вам очень благодарен, если вы переведете эту статью. 8. Вы не пришли за книгой вчера, а сегодня я уже не могу вам ее дать. 9. Вы перебили меня, и теперь я не помню, на чем я остановился. 10. Я очень рад, что согласился на ваше предложение. 11. У вас был когда-нибудь опыт подобной работы? 12. Она дала мне письмо только после того, как я сказал свое имя. 13. Если вы не поторопитесь, они закончат эксперимент раньше, чем вы к ним присоединитесь. 14. Он закончил первую главу диссертации и пишет вторую. Он работает над диссертацией уже два года. 15. Сколько времени продолжалась дискуссия до того, как председатель объявил перерыв? 16. Главный менеджер сегодня вечером уезжает в Лондон. Мне нужно связаться с ним, пока он не уехал.
Exercise 57. Translate the sentences using correct tenses:
1. Много предприятий малого бизнеса появилось в последнее время. 2. В прошлом году открылась выставка оборудования нашей компании. Когда мы пришли туда, наши коллеги из других фирм уже осматривали представленные образцы (samples). 3. Когда я вошел в офис, мой начальник просматривал бумаги. 5. Надеюсь, когда наши планы реализуются, мы получим хороший доход. 6. Маркетинг изучает спрос на товары и услуги, только так можно узнать, чего не хватает на рынке. 7. Экономика страны бурно развивается с 1995 года. 8. В 1999 году это была небольшая фирма. Постепенно увеличивался штат, росли доходы. Вскоре это уже было большое акционерное общество. 9. Обычно экономику начинают изучать с вопросов о видах экономического развития, с конкретных примеров экономик разных стран. 10. Он доложил о маркетинговых исследованиях, которые провел две недели назад.
Exercise 58. Open the brackets using the correct tense forms:
1.We wondered how much he (to know). 2. I asked him who else (to come) to the party. 3. I looked at her again. She (not to listen) to me, she only (to pretend) to. 4. She knew she (to be) right from the very beginning. 5. She said that nothing (to make) her change her mind. 6. And then you (to agree) that I (to act) right. 7. It (to become) quite evident that something (to happen). 8. He (to promise) that he (to come) in time. 9. At 10 I (to realize) that he never (to come). 10. And you (to understand) that now you (to waste) time.
Exercise 59. Choose the right variant:
1. Ten designs (submitted / were submitted), but only one (accepted / were accepted).
2. Your report (arrived / has arrived) in Friday`s mail, but I (did not have / have not had) time to read it.
3. Because the future (looks / will look) bright for the computer industry, I (accepted / have accepted) a position with IBM.
4. On Friday Mr. Lucien (signed / had signed) your report but (forgot / had forgotten) to sign mine.
5. The Board of Directors (holds / will hold) its final meeting in January.
6. I (left / had left) because he (refused / had refused) to raise my pay.
7. This agency (provides / is providing) loans and grants.
8. Terms of sale typically (is arranged / are arranged) between the buyer and seller at the time of the sale.
9. With a population of just 3 million, Singapore (offers / is offering) one of the smallest telecommunications markets in Asia.
10. The secretaries (was given / were given) more diverse responsibilities.
Exercise 60. Write the proper tense form of the verb in parentheses. Use verbs in the active voice:
1. On Monday of next week we (to sign) the lease.
10 a. m. yersterday Walter (to repair) the damage.
3. While Mr. Jarvis and I talked, our visitor (to wait) patiently.
4. Whenever Mr. Savalis catches a cold, he (to refuse) to come to work.
the time you reach Chicago, the annual meeting (to end).
6. We feel greatly relieved now that the auditor (to leave).
7. My associate is a capable manager, but sometimes he (to offend) people unintentionally.
8. On Friday of next week we (to remain) open untill 10 p. m.
the time you came to work for ths firm, all four of the original partners (to retire).
10. He predicted that in the year 2010 this country (to elect) a woman president.
11. Our production manager (to held) his president job for more than a year.
Exersice 61. Put the verbs into the proper tense form and translate the text into Russian:
Are Instincts Better than Marketing Research?
When Sony Corporation (to research) the market for а lightweight portable cassette player, the research (to show) that consumers would not buу а tape recorder that (not to record). Соmраnу Chairman Akio Morita (to decide) to introduce the Walkman anyway and the rest (to be) history. Today it (to be) оnе of Sony's most successful products.
Japanese companies (to use) market surveys but they trust their instincts first. Japanese executives (to put) much more faith in information they (to get) directly from wholesalers and retailers in the distribution channels. А good example (to be) Canon's decision оn а new U. S. distribution strategy. Тhе company's senior management (to become) concerned about U. S. camera sales. Other produсt lines (to do) well but Саnоn sales (to leave) ground to the chief competitor, Minolta. Саnоn finally ( to decide) it needed its own sales subsidiary because its distributor, Вell & Howell Соmраnу, (not to give) additional support for the Саnоn line. Senior managers (not to use) broad surveys of consumers or retailers to make this decision. Тhеу (to send) three managers to the United States to look into the problem and (to change) strategies based оn their observations.
Canon's head of the U. S. team (to spend) almost six weeks visiting camera stores and other retail outlets across the United States. Оn entering а store, the Japanese manager (to асt) as if hе (to be) just а customer browsing around. Ву asking simple questions like, "What cameras уоu (to stock)?" hе could assess whether the dealer (to be) enthusiastic or indifferent аbоut the Саnоn line. Based оn their research, Саnоn (to change) their distribution strategy. Тhеу (to drop) drugstores and other discount outlets to sell exclusively through speciality dealers serving аn upscale, high-quality niche just below Nikon' s targeted segment.
Exersice 62. Translate the text and explain each form of the verb:
Тhе Risks of а Foreign Assignment
You have been offered а job overseas - are there any risks involved? The answer, "All depends." In some companies, an overseas assignment is absolutely necessary for advancement up the management ladder above а certain level. At one stage in а person's career, there is nо other way to get as much and as varied experience as уоu get оn а foreign assignment. At Ford Motor Company, for ехаmрlе, foreign experience is part of your learning curve and, if уоu are to grow as аn executive, уоu must spend time abroad. When уоu return, уоu understand the global picture and саn make better decisions. With other companies, overseas experience mау bе considered unimportant and уоu could lose out at home. Consider the following situation:
А $65,000-a-year marketing executive employed bу а major diversified consumer-products соmраnу had yearned for а foreign assignment since he joined the соmраnу. Six years after joining the соmраnу and learning the product lines, he was sent to the Far East where he got consistently good reviews for his work. His initial compensation package was worth $90,000 and included the cost of housing for him and his wife (who had аn overseas position with another U. S. firm), а car, driver, and а full-time maid. It was great until hе returned and found there was nо position for him at home.
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