Сборник технических текстов с заданиями (стр. 2 )

The Moscow Metro can compete with the underground railways in any of the European capitals in level of automation. At present, the experiments are being conducted with an “automatic driver”, i. e. with computer-controlled trains. The computer devices will help to relieve the nervous strain on the drivers and make it possible to increase the cruising speed of trains even more. These automatic devices have already been tested over the Circle Route by way of experiment.

3. Ответьте на общие вопросы в соответствии с содержанием текста 1. Do Metro trains run with the intervals of about 8 minutes during peak hours?

2. Are all trains inspected for greater safety of travel every week?

3. Can the Moscow Metro compete with the underground lines of other countries in level of automation?

4. Will an “automatic driver” replace hard man’s labor in future?

4. Переведите предложения, используя глаголы have, be или конструкцию there is/are

1) В этом журнале есть интересные статьи? – Да. Журнал очень интересный. Почитай его, если у тебя есть свободное время. 2) У Вас есть английский словарь? – Да, есть, но в нём только 1000 слов. 3) Наш институт находится недалеко от станции Метро. 4) Завтра лекции по физике не будет. Ваш преподаватель в Москве на конференции. 5) Вчера у нас была всего одна пара. 6) Какой экзамен был самым трудным для тебя? 7) В институтской библиотеке много новых книг. 8) У вас вчера был семинар по философии? 9) Тебе 20 лет? – Нет, мне будет 20 в следующем  году. 10) Где ближайшая  автобусная  остановка? 11) В твоём диктанте было несколько ошибок. 12) У Ника есть телефон? – Да, есть. 13) Лондонский университет – самый

большой ВУЗ Британии. 14) Он никогда не опаздывает на лекции и всегда очень внимательный.

5. Исправьте неправильные предложения.

Example: (a) FALSE - The screwdriver is on the shelf.

ЗАДАНИЕ№3

1. Запишите слова в тетрадь.

permanent way – верхнее строение пути;

a civil engineer – инженер-строитель;

reballasting – замена балласта;

formation – земляное полотно;

earthworks – земляные работы;

drainage – дренаж, осушение;

an embankment – насыпь;

a slope - уклон;

as witch – стрелочный перевод;

alignment – план трассы;

patrolling – обход пути;

possession (of the line) – «окно» в графике движения поездов, закрытие перегона;

lining – выправка пути;

responsible – ответственный;

responsibility – ответственность;

to have responsibility for … - нести ответственность за (что-л).;

to take/accept responsibility for… - принять (на себя) ответственность за (что-л);

wear – износ;

to wear (out) – изнашиваться, выводить из строя;

proper – правильный, надлежащий;

simultaneous (ly) – одновременный(-о);

while – пока, в то время как.

2. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на слова из упр.1.

1. The government is responsible for the general management of the economy. 2. In 1917 Russia was faced simultaneously with war abroad and revolution at home. 3. The 1980s saw a rise in food prices and a simultaneous fall in wages. 4. Which authority will have responsibility for monitoring river pollution? pplying necessary equipment for the test was the responsibility of laboratory assistants. 6. It isn’t proper for a girl to go out with her husband’s best friend. 7. I think that making children who write on walls clean them is a proper punishment. 8. Let’s sit in the other room while Daddy is finishing the washing up. 9. The car tyres are worn out. 10. He played the video again and again until it was worn out. 11. While he was on vacation he caught a cold. 12. While I was making breakfast, everyone else was in bed. 13. We provide simultaneous translation for French-speaking delegates. 14. This concert is on BBC TV and will be broadcast simultaneously on Radio. 15. Should this bag wear out, we will replace it at any Dunes’ outlet (shop).

3. Выберите антоним к слову.

1) expensive                a) enormous; b) dear; c) cheap; d) suitable

2) fast                                a) rapid; b) quick; c) swift; d) slow

3) heavy                        a) light; b) intense; c) necessary; d) busy

4) low                        a) tall; b) average; c) high; d) small

5) frequently                a) often; b) rarely; c) numerous; d) seldom

6) major                        a) large; b) small; c) main; d) minor

7) a stopping train                a) a direct train; b) a local train; c) an express train; d) a fast train

8) to arrive                 a) to approach; b) to go; c) to depart; d) to appear

9) to get on                        a) to leave; b) to enter; c) to get into; d) to get off

10) to see off                a) to look at; b) to meet; c) to get off; d) to part

11) to appear                a) to arrive; b) to approach; c) to disappear; d) to suggest

4. Соотнесите слова русские с английскими.

1) в час пик                                                a) a four - or five-car set

2) войти в книгу рекордов Гиннеса         b) at least

3) двухэтажный вагон                                c) plush seats of an aircraft type

4) ехать на велосипеде                                d) during the rush hours

5) железнодорожный справочник                e) shunting works

6) заказать обед в купе                                f) to enter in the Guinness Book of Records

7) интенсивное движение                        g) to carry goods by lorry

8) контактный провод                                h) heavy traffic

9) маневровые работы                                i) a double-deck coach

10) мягкие кресла самолётного типа         j) to ride a bike

11) перевозить грузы на грузовике         k) a contact wire

12) по крайней мере                                l)a railway-guide

13) состав из 4-5 вагонов                        m) to order dinner to the compartment

5. Назовите предметы.

6.Напишите предложения по образцу.

Example: 1 There are screwdrivers on the bench.

7. Переведите текст.

EXPERIMENTAL BRIDGE

A bridge is a structure built to cross some natural or artificial obstacles such as river, street, railway and so on. First bridges had to be built out of the material close at hand (подручный материал). In tropical jungles, suspension bridges were made of long bamboo poles. In the places where there were many forests, it was wood. Simple suspension bridges were made by means of ropes and are still used in some countries. Two parallel ropes were suspended from rocks or trees on each bank of the river with a platform of woven mats laid across them. When the Spaniards reached South America, they found that the Incas (Инки) of Peru used suspension bridges made of 6 strong cables, four of which supported a platform and two cables served as handrails (поручни).

In middle Ages, people constructed wooden beam type bridges. They were usually built on stone piers or wooden piles. Bridges of this type are still used in Japan and India.

With the beginning of railway construction in the 19th century, there was a great demand for bridges and the railway companies had capital for building them. The first railway bridges were built of stone or brick. Later there appeared concrete and metal bridges. The first iron bridge crossed the river Severn in Great Britain.

8. Ответьте на общие вопросы в соответствии с содержанием текста. 

1 Were the first bridges made of steel?

2. Did people construct wooden beam type bridges in Middle Ages?

3. Was there a great demand for railway bridges in the 19th century?

ЗАДАНИЕ №4

Переведите текст.

THE CHANNEL TUNNEL

The first design of the Channel Tunnel was proposed in 1751. Since that time, dozens of proposals had been considered before the actual tunneling began. The work proceeded very quickly and was successfully completed in 6 years. The Tunnel was opened for traffic on May 7, 1994.

The Channel Tunnel actually consists of three tunnels: the two running tunnels* and the service tunnel**. Single-track railway lines are laid down in each of the running tunnels. Normally, one of them carries passenger and freight trains from Britain to France and the other carries trains in the opposite direction. If one of the running tunnels is closed down for maintenance, the other is used for train movement in both directions. A smaller third tunnel lies between the two train tunnels. It is called the service tunnel. There is a roadway inside it, so maintenance workers and emergency teams can reach any point of the Tunnel system in their road vehicles. The service tunnel is linked to the running tunnels at regular intervals by cross-passages***. In case of emergency or a train breakdown, the passengers will leave the train through one of the cross-passages into the service tunnel where road vehicles will evacuate them to a safer place.