4. Кравченко разобраться с временами, или как усвоить систему английских времён. Иностранные языки в школе, 2002. - № 5.
5. Крутских направленное обучение грамматике на продвинутом этапе в гуманитарно- лингвистической гимназии. Иностранные языки в школе, 1996. - № 6.
6. Павлова подход в обучении грамматике. English. Первое сентября, 2007. - № 19, 20.
7. Цетлин обучать грамматически правильной речи. Иностранные языки в школе, 1998. - № 1.
Приложение 1
Grammar Songs
Present Progressive
Johnny’s playing football
Johnny’s playing football,
Johnny’s playing football.
He’s wearing all his school clothes and getting very dirty.
Johnny!
Your mother’s coming!
Johnny!
Your mother’s coming!
Mary’s eating chocolate,
Mary’s eating chocolate,
She’s eating lots of chocolate and now she isn’t hungry.
Mary!
Your dinner’s ready!
Mary!
Your dinner’s ready!
The kids are drawing pictures,
The kids are drawing pictures.
They aren’t doing the exercise, they’re оные drawing pictures.
Kids!
The teachers looking!
Kids!
The teachers looking!
Present Simple
This is the way
This is the way we wash our hands,
wash our hands, wash our hands,
This is the way we wash our hands
Every day in the morning.
This is the way we clean our teeth,
clean our teeth, clean our teeth.
This is the way we clean our teeth
Every day in the morning/
This is the way we make our bed,
make our bed, make our bed.
This is the way we make our bed
Every day in the morning.
Who, Where, When
I’ve got a friend
And his name is John.
Where does he come from?
Hong Kong!
John goes to school
At half past nine.
When does he come home?
At nine!
John plays football
Some weekend.
Who does he play with?
With friends!
John has got a girlfriend.
Her name is Jill.
Where does she come from?
Brazil!
Jill has a band with
A group of friends.
When do they practice?
Weekends!
Jill plays the trumpet
And the trombone.
Where does she practice?
At home!
John loves Jill.
But she doesn’t love him.
Whom does she love then?
Jim!
Past Simple
What a crazy day!
I woke up this morning
And I got into bed.
Then I ate a cup of tea
And drank a slice of bread.
Oh, what a crazy day! Oh, what a crazy day!
I went to the bus stop
And caught the train to school.
Then I rode my bicycle
In the swimming - pool.
Oh, what a crazy day! Oh, what a crazy day!
Someone broke the telephone
So then I rang my friend.
We went to the football field
And swam from end to end.
Oh, what a crazy day! Oh, what a crazy day!
I came home this evening
And watched the radio.
I lay down on the ceiling
And read a video.
Oh, what a crazy day! Oh, what a crazy day!
Present Perfect Progressive
I’ve been waiting
I’ve been waiting for an hour and she’s not here yet.
Maybe she’s stood me up.
It’s been raining all the time and my hair is wet
Now I feel fed up.
I’ve been seeing her for over two weeks now.
I thought she was mine, all mine.
We’ve been going out dancing almost every night.
I thought everything was fine.
I’ve been waiting for two hours, standing here alone.
I’ve been trying to call her on the phone.
I’ve been cursing, I’ve been screaming
‘cause for two weeks I’ve been dreaming
Now the only thing to do is go back home.
I’ve been seeing her …
Приложение 2
Конкурс “Do You Know Grammar?” в старших классах.
Активизировать повторение ранее усвоенного материала, закрепить приобретённые учащимися умения и навыки, сделать изучение предмета привлекательным помогает внеклассная работа: разнообразные и содержательные конкурсы, игры, викторины, олимпиады. В процессе подготовки к конкурсам удаётся решить некоторые вопросы по организации самостоятельной работы по иностранному языку. Школьников не нужно убеждать в важности и полезности подготовительной работы. Стремление померяться своими силами, проверить знания, умения и навыки в соревновании с друзьями, ответственность за команду, желание заслужить одобрение сверстников, возможность узнать что-то новое, с пользой для себя провести досуг придают деятельности учащихся осознанно мотивированный характер.
При проведении конкурсов в коллективную деятельность на изучаемом языке вовлекаются даже наиболее пассивные, инертные школьники, которым предоставляется возможность разделить вместе с одноклассниками радость успеха или горечь поражения.
В подготовке и проведении конкурсов учитывается возраст учеников.
Так, в X – XI классах целесообразно проводить учебные конкурсы, например, грамматические.
Грамматические задания призваны обеспечить умение учащихся практически применять знания по грамматике иностранного языка, активизировать мыслительную деятельность, направленную на употребление грамматических конструкций в естественных ситуациях общения.
Этот вид соревнований наиболее эффективен в том случае, если деятельность по усвоению какого-либо грамматического явления сопряжена с другой, например речевой (чтение, аудирование, говорение, письмо).
Примерные задания к конкурсу “Do You Know Grammar?”
В нём принимают участие две команды.
Любой конкурс требует определённой подготовки, поэтому команды заранее получают домашнее задание:
1) подготовить приветствие соперникам (дать характеристику команде и отдельным её представителям);
2) подготовить по три вопроса или три загадки (обязательно с письменными ответами);
3) подготовить песню на английском языке.
Задания, предназначенные для выполнения без предварительной подготовки.
Contest 1. Greeting.
Команды приветствуют друг друга, сообщают своё название, показывают эмблему, представляют членов свой команды.
Contest 2. Blitz.
Команды задают друг другу повопросов, на которые нужно быстро ответить, так как учитываются не только правильность, но и быстрота ответа.
Team 1.
1. What do we understand by the “tense” of a verb? (The tense of a verb shows the time (present, past, future) when the action takes place, took place or will take place).
2. Give the Simple Future Tense of the verbs be and have. (shall/will be, shall/will have).
3. Put the following sentence in the Simple Present Tense: You were very careless, weren’t you? (You are very careless, aren’t you?)
4. How can you make the Present Participle of any verb? (by adding –ing to the infinitive).
5. What do we call verbs that form their past tense and past participle by changing their vowels? (irregular verbs).
6. What is the negative form of will? (won’t).
7. What is the Future Progressive of the verb to write? (shall/will be writing).
8. How is the Future Perfect Tense made? (It is made by using the Future Simple Tense (shall/will), together with have and the Past Participle).
9. What is the Future Perfect of the verb to speak? (will/shall have spoken).
10. Which form is correct: A new hotel is built in the centre of Moscow now or A new hotel is being built in the centre of Moscow now? (is being built).
11. Which of the following verbs are never used in continuous tenses: write, read, listen, look, hear? (hear).
12. What tense is used when we are thinking of an action completed in the past? (the Simple Past Tense).
13. How does the Present Perfect Tense form its negative? (by putting not after have/has).
14. Which of the following is never used in the plural: mile, page, information, language? (information).
15. Which sentence is wrong: I am knowing or I know? (I am knowing).
16. Is this sentence right or wrong? Correct if is wrong. I have always been wanting to read this book. (wrong: I have always wanted to read this book).
17. What is the singular of the word people? (a person).
Team 2.
1. What are the names of the main three tenses? (Present, Past, Future).
2. Name the Simple Past Tense of the verbs be and have. (was/were, had).
3. Put the following sentence in the Future Tense: We were not able to do the difficult exercise. (We shan’t be able to do the difficult exercise).
4. What is the form of the verb that ends in –ing called (e. g. reading)? (it is called Present Participle).
5. What do we call verbs that form their Past Tense and Past Participle by adding –d,-ed to the Present? (regular verbs).
6. What is the negative form of shall? (shan’t).
7. What is the Future Progressive Negative of the verb to write? (shall/will not be writing).
8. What tense expresses an action that will have been completed at or before a time in the future? (the Future Perfect Tense).
9. What is the Future Perfect Negative of the verb to speak? (will/shall not have spoken).
10. Which form is correct: I am not looking forward to going to the dentist’s or I am not looking forward to go to the dentist’s? (to going to the dentist’s).
11. Which of the following verbs are never used in continuous tenses: buy, become, believe, increase? (believe).
12. What tense is used for an action that is just finished? (The Present Perfect).
13. Which of the following is used only in the plural: screws, scissors, hammers, nails? (scissors).
14. What tense is used to express an action that will continue some time in the future? (the Future Progressive Tense).
15. What tense do we use when we say how often we do things.? (Present Simple).
16. What do we use in Past Simple questions and negatives? (did/ didn’t + infinitive).
17. What tense do we use with: This is the first time …? (the Present Perfect).
Contest 3. English Tense.
Участникам команд предлагается употребить глаголы в предложениях в соответствующем времени. Разрешается добавлять и исключать слова, если необходимо.
Обеим командам предлагается один и тот же текст.
Task:
The tense of a verb shows the time (present, past future) when the action takes place, took place or will take place.
Put these sentences in the Past/ Future Simple.
Add a word or phrase to some of them to show the past/ future time.
Leave out a word if necessary.
My Birthday.
Today is my birthday, so I have a holiday today,
On my birthday I always do my work early in the morning so that I am free for the day.
This year my birthday is on Tuesday.
I have a present for my birthday; here it is in my hand.
I am 16 today.
KEY.
Past Tense.
It was my birthday yesterday, so I had a holiday then.
I did my work early in the morning so that I was free for the day.
My birthday was on Monday.
I had a present for my birthday; it was a CD.
I was 16 yesterday.
Future Tense.
It will be my birthday tomorrow, so I shall have a holiday then.
I shall do my work early in the morning so that I shall be free for the day.
My birthday will be on Wednesday this year.
I shall have a party and I know that my parents will give me a birthday present.
I shall be 16 tomorrow.
Contest 4. Captains’ Competition.
Каждому капитану предлагается по 3 – 5 вопросов. Учитываются количество правильных ответов и кто быстрее ответит на вопрос.
Примерные вопросы:
1. It shows when an action takes place. (the tense of a verb).
2. It expresses willingness, intention, promise or determination. (I will, we will).
3. What is the singular of the word children? (child).
4. What do we use to make questions and negative sentences in Present Simple? (do/ does).
5. It is very often used to show that an action was going on (or continuing) at time when something else happened. (the Past Progressive Tense).
6. Give three forms of the verb понимать.
Contest 5. The Bess Story.
Команды получают одинаковые задания. Сначала предлагается раскрыть скобки (образовав нужную форму глагола), чтобы получился рассказ. Второе задание: закончить письмо.
При подведении итогов учитывается, чей рассказ лучше. Можно принять во внимание также фактор времени, затраченного на выполнение задания.
Task: Open the brackets, using the right verb plete the letter.
The Unfinished Letter.
Dear Hilda,
I just (hear) that my mother isn’t very well, and I (like) (go) and (see) her. The trouble (be) I (not, can) (take) my dog Tim with me. You (think) you (can) possibly (look) after him for a week? You (have) him foe a week last year, you (remember), and you (say) he (be) no trouble, and (get) on well with your dog.
If you (can) (have)him, I (bring) him along any time that (suit) you. He (have) his own bed and bowl, and I (bring) enough tinned dog food (last) him a week.
But if it (not to be) convenient, (not to hesitate) (say) so … .
KEY: I have just heard that my mother isn’t very well, and I would like to go and see her. The trouble is I can not take my dog Tim with me. Do you think you could possibly look after him for a week? You had him for a week last year, you remember, and you said he had been no trouble, and had got on well with your dog.
If you can have him, I shall bring him along any time that suits you. He has his own bed and bowl, and I shall bring enough tinned dog food to last him a week.
But if it is not convenient, does not hesitate to say so … .
Contest 6. If-Problems.
Команды задают друг другу по три вопроса. Это могут быть загадки, шарады, проблемные задачки. Например:
If two cats are before a cat, and two cats are behind a cat, and a cat is in the middle, how many cats are there in all? (Three cats, one after another).
Contest 7. Sing a Song.
Команды исполняют подготовленные дома песни на английском языке.
Завершается соревнование подведением итогов. Можно определить не только команду – победительницу, но и самого активного участника, а также отметить участие ребят в отдельных конкурсах.
Приложение III
Сводная таблица спряжения глаголов
Simple (регулярное действие) | ||
Present (V, V-s) | Past (V-ed, V 2) | Future (shall/will V) |
usually, every day, often, seldom, sometimes | yesterday, last time, last year, a week ago, when? | tomorrow, next year, in 5 minutes |
I write He writes | We wrote He played | They will write |
Do you write? Does he/she write? | Did you write? Did he play? | Will you write? |
We do not write She does not write | They did not write We did not play | We shall not write |
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