а) показатель 3-го лица единственного числа в Present Indefinite;
б) показатель множественного числа имени существительного;
в) показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The inhabitants of York are fond of their city.
2. The students of our group will go to the University History Museum tomorrow.
3. This is the building of the Oxford City Hall.
4. Courts of first instance pronounce verdicts in criminal cases and pass judgement in civil cases after trial.
5. Hammurabi's laws represented an advance on earlier tribal customs, because the penalty could not be harder than the crime.
2. Перепишите предложения, выбрав правильное слово. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
1. This book is about (more notorious / the most notorious) criminals the world has ever known.
2. It was (cold, coldly) in the garden.
3. It was not so (warm, warmly) a day before yesterday.
4. (The graver / graver) crimes a person commits, (the more serious / more serious) punishment he deserves.
5. The House of Lords is not (as powerful / powerful) as that of Commons.
3. Перепишите предложения, заполнив пропуски местоимениями something, anything, nothing или everything.
1. Does he know... about computers? — Yes, he knows... because he is the best specialist in computer science at Harvard University.
2. He felt terrible. He couldn’t do... else.
3. ... is all right, the patient is much better today.
4. Is there... interesting in the theatre programme?
5. I could see... : it was quite dark
4. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в соответствующем времени и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The jury (to announce) their decision in two hours.
2. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons usually (to become) Prime Minister.
3. The modern political system of Great Britain (to begin) over 200 years ago.
4. The Labour party (to have) strong links with trade unions since the date of its foundation.
5. You can’t see the investigator now, he (to discuss) the case with the judge.
5. Прочитайте текст и переведите его на русский язык.
THE LEGAL PROFESSION
The court system is dependent upon the legal profession to make it work. Although individuals can institute cases and defend them normally lawyers do this job for them. The legal profession is the normal source of judicial personnel for any court system.
England is almost unique in having two different kinds of lawyers, with separate jobs in the legal system. The two kinds of lawyers are solicitors and barristers. This division of the legal profession is due mainly to historical causes. Each branch has its own characteristic functions and a separate governing body.
The division has a number of significant impacts upon the judicial system. It is the main reason for the separation between civil and criminal courts. It also a significant impact upon judicial appointments.
The traditional picture of the English lawyer is that the solicitor is the general practitioner, confined mainly to the office. The solicitor is the legal adviser of the public. Members of the public are able to call at a solicitor’s office and seek his advice in a personal interview. The barrister is the specialist adviser much of whose time is taken up with court-room appearance. A barrister can only be consulted indirectly through a solicitor. Today however the lines of demarcation are blurred.
There is approximately one solicitor to every 1300 of the population, with considerable regional and local variations. There is a heavy concentration in commercial centers. The ratio for barristers is about one per every 10.000. Taking the legal profession as a whole (38.500), there is one practicing lawyer per 1200 people. This compares with about one lawyer per 600 in the USA. But a lot of work in English solicitors’ offices is undertaken by managing clerks, now called «legal executives», who are a third type of lawyers. (Legal executives now have their own professional and examining body – «the Institute of Legal Executives»).
6. Поставьте 5 различных типов вопросов к тексту.
Вариант 3
1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова с окончанием –s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет:
а) показатель 3-го лица единственного числа в Present Indefinite;
б) показатель множественного числа имени существительного;
в) показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The doors of the Oxford University are open only to those who can pay its
high tuition fees.
2. The first mention of the city dates back to the first century before our era.
3. Maintaining order means establishing the rule of law to preserve life and to protect property.
4. President of the Republic of Belarus appoints Republic referendums, members of the central committee, organizes and reorganizes the President’s Administration.
2. Перепишите предложения, выбрав правильное слово. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
1. (Better / the best) way to combat crime is to improve the living standards of the people.
2. Jane`s answer wasn`t (correct, correctly).
3. The pupils have to spell English words (correct, correctly).
4. Right up to the end of the seventeenth century English judges were (more / the most) or less tools of the monarch.
5. It is (easier / more easier) to make laws than to enforce them.
3. Перепишите предложения, заполнив пропуски местоимениями something, anything, nothing или everything.
1. Give me... to drink.
2. I didn’t take any money with me, so I couldn’t buy... .
3. My new eyeglasses are very good, I can see... now.
4. I saw... near the wood that looked like a tent.
5. My friends had... they wanted, but they weren’t happy, because they didn’t have any children.
4. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в соответствующем времени и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The students (to know) the results of the examination next week.
2. The two countries signed the treaty after the war (to finish).
3. After the Norman Conquest in 1066, the King’s judges gradually (to unite) the different local customs into a single body of general principles which they applied at the royal courts.
4. One of the problems which they (to discuss) now concerns the arrest of the criminal.
5. The police (to arrest) just the hijackers.
5. Прочитайте текст и переведите его на русский язык.
THE LEGISLATURE
The power in the Republic of Belarus is exercised on the basis of its separation into three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The state bodies are independent within the limits of their authority: they interact, restrain and balance each other (the system of check and balance).
The supreme legislative power belongs to the National Assembly, which consists of two houses: the House of Representatives and the Council of the Republic. The House of Representatives consists of 110 members, who are elected on the basis of general free equal direct suffrage by secret ballot. Any citizen of Belarus at least 21 years of age may be elected to the House of Representatives.
The Council of the Republic is formed in the following way: 6 regions and the capital city of Minsk elect 8 members to the house each. Eight members of the house are appointed directly by the President. Thus the total membership of the house is 64 members. Any citizen of Belarus at least 30 years of age and resident of the corresponding region at least 5 years may be elected a member of the Council of the Republic.
The term of office of the National Assembly is 4 years. The houses have two sessions a year: the first begins on October 2, and lasts for not more than 80 days; the second session begins on April 2, and lasts not more than 90 days. Each house elects a chairman and his assistants from its members. They organise the work of the houses. The houses form standing committees and other bodies from their members for legislative work.
6. Поставьте 5 различных типов вопросов к тексту.
Вариант 4
1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова с окончанием –s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет:
а) показатель 3-го лица единственного числа в Present Indefinite;
б) показатель множественного числа имени существительного;
в) показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. A well-known scientist works at this plant.
2. We saw no new buildings in this part of London.
3. Criminal cases are brought by the state against a person or persons accused of having committed a crime.
4. Constitutions are the supreme sources of law.
5. Being in the centre of Europe, Belarus intends to take an active part in integration processes.
2. Перепишите предложения, выбрав правильное слово. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
1. The worst consequence of the economic crisis is a substantial increase in crime rate.
2. The Netherlands and Portugal inflict (the mildest / milder) sanctions the other European countries have ever applied for corruption crimes.
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