Деловой английский. Ускоренный курс (стр. 13 )

Past Indefinite правильных глаголов (regular verbs) об­разуется с помощью окончания ed, добавляемого к инфи­нитиву без частицы to:

I invited them to the conference room.

He/ She invited them to the conference room.

We invited them to the conference room.

They Invited us to the conference room.

Past Indefinite неправильных глаголов (irregular verbs) образуется не по правилам и обычно указывается в сло­варях в скобках после инфинитива. Далее указывается 3-я форма глагола, необходимая для образования Present Perfect. Неправильные глаголы следует заучивать сразу в трех формах. Например:

to go — went — gone to take — took — taken

to have — had — had to speak — spoke — spoken

to meet — met — met to see —saw — seen

Вопросительная форма для правильных и неправиль­ных глаголов в Past Indefinite образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола did:

— Did you invite them to the conference room9

- Yes, I did./ No, I didn't.

— Did he/ she invite them to the conference room?

- Yes, he/she did/No, he/she didn't.

— Did they meet in the conference room?

- Yes, they did./No, they didn't

Отрицательная форма образуется с помощью вспомо­гательного глагола в отрицательной форме did not {didn't):

I didn't invite them to the conference room.

He/ She didn't invite them to the conference room.

We didn't meet in the conference room.

They didn't go to the conference room.

Прошедшее простое время (Past Indefinite) выражает действие, происшедшее или происходившее в прошлом.

Например.

Mr. Hill met the group at the airport.

They didn't go to London by taxi.

Did they have any problems?

Exercises

1. Read the following irregular verbs:

Инфинитив	Простое прошедшее время	3-я форма (причастие прошед­шего времени)
• to be	was/ were	been
to come	came	come
to make	made	made
to speak	spoke	spoken
to meet	met	met
to see	saw	seen
to take	took	taken
to keep	kept	kept

2. Write down the following regular verbs in Past Indefinite:

• to fill	• to specialise
to fill in	to train
to distribute to work	to provide to study
	to enjoy

3. Underline the verbs in the following sentences and say in what tenses they are used:

• Are you on business in London?

How long have you been in London?

I was in London in 1996.

• We have just had lunch. They are still having lunch.

We had lunch at 8 o'clock.

• He works as a manager.

He is working at this company.

He worked at this company from 1990 to 1995.

• He speaks fluent French.

He is now speaking English.

He spoke for 3 hours at the conference.

4. Underline the answers true to the text:

• On what floor was the conference room, where the participants met, located?	On the ground floor. On the first floor. On the second floor.
• Did Mr. Hill speak for a long time?	He said only two wolds. He said a few sentences. He spoke for two hours.
• About what did Mr. Hill speak?	About himself only. Only about his company. About his company and himself.
• What did the group do after Mr. Hill introduced himself?	They asked him a lot of ques­tions. They introduced themselves.
• What paper did Mr. Hill distribute then?	The Programme. The Rooming List. The Timetable.
• What tour did the partici­pants make then?	A panoramic tour of London. A tour of Madame Tussaud's. A tour of the Tower of London.
• Did the participants make any pictures?	Yes, they did. No, they did not want to. No, they did not have any cameras.

5. Read the following:

word, words, to word, wording

to work, worked, work, works, worker, working

with me, with them, with us, with a camera, with their cameras

Many of them make pictures with their cameras.

6. Insert prepositions:

Let me say a few words... myself and the company who is the or­ganiser... this Programme. I'm Doctor... Economics. ... the recent past I worked... a foreign trade company and then... a bank. Now I specialise... business management and... training businessmen... East European countries. ... some time I worked... Poland and Hungary. Now I'm closely *****ssia.

7. Insert articles:

• I'm working for IMD. It's... well established company specialis­ing in business training. pany also provides financial con­sulting. Here before you there are booklets on... history and scope of activities of our company. I'll be grateful if you could introduce yourself in just... few words.

• Thank you for... nice reception and for... good beginning of... Programme. I hope... Programme will be... success and we shall learn.. lot of things.

• I'm... financial manager of... department mercial bank in Moscow.

plete these short speeches and act out similar ones:

• Ladies and gentlemen! First let me say a few words about myself and the company. My name is David Hill. I'm. . In the recent past... Now I specialise. . For some time I worked...

• I'm working for.. It's a well established.. The company also provides... Here before you there are booklets... You... keep... Now I'll be grateful... introduce yourself...

• Let me first thank you for... I hope .... success... My name is Oleg Pilov. I'm.. manager .. bank... And I'm especially interested... foreign transactions for small...

ü  speech — речь

9. Role play

• Imagine you are the Organiser of a training programme for foreign participants in Russia.

• Write down the main points of the opening speech.

• Make the opening speech.

ü  role play — ролевая игра

ü  to imagine — представить (себе)

Unit nineteen

Trade finance

Text

Next morning after having breakfast at the self-sevice bar of the hotel restaurant the participants went to the conference room to have a lecture on Trade Finance.

There was a folder on the big round table for each participant with the material relating to the lecture.

Here is one of the sheets of the file:

Trade finance

à  Trade needs finance

à  This must come from either the trader or from a lending in­stitution.

à  If the trade is international then the amount of finance is noimally greater

à  In general, trade is handled on credit

à  The buyer pays for the goods at a specified time after receipt

à  If the trade is international then delivery time adds to the de­lay in payment

à  This adds to the need for finance

à  Also in international trade the buyer uses one currency, the seller another

à  This requires an organisation with facilities for changing cur­rencies

à  On both counts the Bank is the best source of finance

Thus this page gave the most important hints on the subject.

And Mr. Hill, the lecturer, explained and developed each state­ment. The participants sometimes interrupted him and asked questions. Sometimes Mr. Lvov came to help when there was a problem of speaking or understanding.

The lecturer devoted some part of the lecture to financing small business companies who usually enjoy better terms, reduced taxes and other facilities especially during the first years oftheir work.

Words and expressions

nineteen		девятнадцать (числ.)
finance		финансы
to finance		финансировать
next		следующий
next morning		на следующее утро
next evening		вечером следующего дня
next week		на следующей неделе
next lesson		на следующем уроке
breakfast	['brekf@st]	завтрак
to have breakfast		завтракать
folder		папка, скоросшиватель
on		на
round		круглый
table		стол
on the table		на столе
file		папка, досье
to need something		нуждаться в чем-либо
the need for something		потребность в чем-либо
to come from		приезжать из
(came — come)
either... or...	['аID@...'þ]	или или
trader		зд. продавец
to lend (lent — lent)		предоставлять кредит
institution		организация
lending institution	[InstI'tjüSn]	кредитная организация
amount		сумма
great	[greIt]	великий, большой
greater		еще больший
Then the amount of fi­nance is greater.		В этом случае сумма фи­нансирования увеличива­ется
in general		в целом
to handle		обращаться с, иметь дело
		с, вести
credit		кредит
on credit		на условиях кредита, в
		кредит
to handle trade on credit		вести торговлю, исполь­зуя кредит
buyer	[baI@]	покупатель
goods		товар, товары
These goods are very good.		Этот товар очень хоро­ший
receipt	[rI'sÖt]	получение
delivery		поставка
delivery time		срок поставки
delay		задержка
payment		платеж
delay in payment		задержка платежа
to use		использовать
currency	['kör@nsI]	валюта
to require		требовать
organisation		организация
facilities	[f@'sIlItIz]	средства, возможности,
		льготы
to change		менять
on both counts		в обоих случаях
best		лучший
source	[sþs]	источник
the best source of fi­nance		наиболее выгодный ис­точник финансирования
thus		таким образом
to give (gave, given)		давать
hint		намек, совет
the most important hints		наиболее важные советы
subject		предмет, вопрос
hints on the subject		советы по данному во­просу
to explain		объяснять
to develop		развивать (ся)
statement		заявление, утверждение; отрицательный отчёт
to interrupt		прерывать
to understand (understood, understood)		понимать
to devote		посвящать
to devote something to		посвящать что-либо чему
something /somebody		или кому-либо
better		лучше
to reduce	[rI'djüs]	уменьшать (ся)
tax		налог
reduced taxes		сокращенные, умень­шенные налоги

Exercises