Trade development program in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010 - 2014 years (стр. 7 )

The third area - the effectiveness of import and export procedures. Kazakhstan is in the 125-m site, deterioration compared with 2009 - a decrease of 5 positions. This trend implies a process of "clearance"; facilitation of border controls; time spent on the import or export of goods; the number of documents required for import or export of goods; cost associated with all procedures required to import or export goods. In this direction Kazakhstan also has ample opportunities to improve rankings in national legislation.

The fourth line - transparency, implying the issues related to informal payments and corruption. Kazakhstan is located in this area on 81 th place, improving the situation on the 7 items. This area requires a system-wide adoption of public policies.

The fifth direction - the availability and quality of transport infrastructure. Kazakhstan is located in this area on the 35th, the advancement of 13 positions. This figure includes the number of airports with one (at least) a regular flight to one million people; types of connections overload available to shippers of every country on bilateral routes; paved roads as a percentage of the total number of roads; quality of air transport infrastructure and railway infrastructure, roads, port infrastructure. This area is developed taking into account the policy of the state in the field of infrastructure development, including in the framework of the sectoral program for the development of transport infrastructure in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010 - 2014 years.

Sixth direction - the availability and quality of transport services, in which Kazakhstan is on the 47th place, improving the status of 28 positions. Named index takes into account the quality of services provided by shipping companies; ease of organization competitively priced international deliveries; Competence and quality of logistics services; opportunity to carry out search and tracking shipments; frequency of deliveries, delivered to the consignee within the deadlines; efficiency of postal services; Index commitments for the transport sector under the General Agreement on Trade in Services. The development is due to the general economic state of the economy, as well as with the activities of the private business.

The seventh direction - the availability and use of information and communication technologies on which Kazakhstan is a 61-site, the advancement of 7 positions. This figure includes the use of the Internet entrepreneurs; number of mobile subscribers; the total number of broadband Internet subscribers per 100 population and Internet users per 100 people; the number of main telephone lines per 100 people; quality of public bodies providing operational services. This trend is associated with the development of communication technology state, including in the framework of the program for the development of information and communication technologies in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010 - 2014 years.

Eighth direction - normative legal environment. Kazakhstan is located in this area for 80 th place, the deterioration in the 3rd position. This indicator takes into account ownership of ethics and corruption; influence in the judiciary and among public servants; effectiveness of public bodies; domestic competition; efficiency of the financial market; openness to foreign participation.

Ninth direction - security. Kazakhstan is located in this area on the 82nd place, the deterioration of 4 positions. As mentioned variables are taken into account the reliability of police services; costs of crimes and violations; costs of terrorism.

Thus, directly to trade policy are irrelevant first three areas, which are associated with the importation and exportation of goods, all others associated with the development of infrastructure in the country with the level of the business climate, the situation with corruption issues and law enforcement. However, given the functioning of the Customs Union on 1 January 2010, the improvement of state regulation policy in these areas should be carried out in cooperation with the countries of the Customs Union.

The exception is the issue associated with increased access to foreign markets, which is necessary to work out in the framework of national legislation and the Customs Union, the development of cooperation with third countries, including through accession to the World Trade Organization.

Analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for the industry.

SWOT - analysis of internal trade

Strong points	Weak points
- availability of legal and institutional framework for the development of internal trade; - Understanding of the need to develop a strategy for development of internal trade; - Positive changes in consumer behavior Kazakhs; - An adequate level of tariff protection of domestic producers; - Form a strong presence of Kazakh players in the retail market.	- "Smearing" of the legislation on trade, as well as the lack of modern terminology in regulations; - Administrative barriers; - High cost of construction and operation of engineering and technical infrastructure; - Lack of space for new stores or expand existing ones; - The narrowness of the range of products of domestic enterprises, its weak competitive compared to imported goods; - Absence in the major cities of transport and logistics centers (TLC), as well as logistical problem in tandem "countryside"; - Shortage of working capital and High leverage commercial enterprises and networks; - Weak system of vocational education, including on trade occupations.
Capabilities - development of processing industry of Kazakhstan; - Increased production of domestic products; - Carrying out the state policy to reduce administrative barriers; - Development of a network of transport and logistics centers; - Increasing competition, increasing the competitiveness of retail chains; - Formation of the middle class, increase the proportion of effective population.	Threatening - bankruptcy of Kazakh commercial enterprises and networks; - Displacement and absorption of domestic players from foreign trade networks; - Displacement of modern retail formats small businesses.

SWOT - analysis of foreign trade

Strong points	Weak points
- strategic location between Europe and Asia, which allows us to develop the transit potential of the country; - Membership in the Customs Union.	- lack of direct access to the sea; - Dependence on imports of food products from the CIS and the Customs Union; -Low Competitive product of the republic; -syrevaya Kazakhstan export orientation; weakly analytic training of decision-making on foreign trade policy measures; - A weak relationship with the business community on the decisions taken; - Neprorabotannost procedures for decision on changes in trade policies; -Lack of monitoring changes in foreign trade and the implementation of commitments.
Capabilities - development of partnerships with the countries of the Near and Middle countries, including through the functioning of the Customs Union and WTO accession; - Expansion of markets through:   1) development of the Customs Union;   2) entry into the WTO;   3) the use of proximity to Russia, China and India;   4) High import duties on import of finished products, as well as Low duties on raw materials, which, coupled with the establishment of the common market within the framework of the Customs Union to facilitate the development of domestic production.	Threatening - increased dependence on imports from the CIS countries, particularly the countries of the Customs Union, as for food products and non-food products; - High competition on non-food goods produced in South-East Asia, especially China; - High volatility, significant fluctuations in market conditions and prices of goods exported from the Republic.

Problems associated with the state regulation of trade. Among a number of problems associated with government regulation stand out the most complex encountered over the years, and today, seriously hindering the development of the trade sector.

Firstly, it is a question of "smearing" of legislation in the sphere of trade, that is, the presence of regulatory issues in the trade of various regulatory legal acts.

Second, is the lack of a regulatory legal acts of modern terminology, classification of modern retail formats (supermarkets, hypermarkets, discount stores, shops class «A», «B», «C») and catering establishments. Lack of approved terminology implies, respectively, and the low quality of the statistical information, which complicates the process of improving trade legislation.

Infrastructure problems. Lack of retail space. Serious infrastructure problem today in Kazakhstan is a shortage of retail space relating to the format of "A". This problem is concerned, primarily in large cities. So, for example, if in cities such as Petropavlovsk and Shymkent, provision of a category "A" is, respectively, 272 and 223 square meters. m, the largest metropolis of the country Almaty, the figure is 84 square meters. m, which is even lower than the average for the urban population in the republic in 91 square meters. m.

This problem is compounded by the fact that, given the shortage of space, the rental price and the redemption even in a stagnant real estate market is still quite high. Thus, the lack of space and High rental rates will inevitably lead to higher costs for the organization of the retail business and, ultimately, higher prices for products in these stores.

High cost of construction and operation of technical communications. Often, it costs up to 50% of the construction cost of retail. All this again affects the efficiency and competitiveness of domestic retailers.