Сборник упражнений по грамматике английского языка для студентов 1 курса (стр. 7 )

Утверждение	Отрицание (полная форма)	Отрицание (краткая форма)	Вопрос
Единственное число
I play.	I do not play.	I don't play.	Do I play?
You play.	You do not play.	You don't play.	Do you play?
He/she/it plays.	He/she/it does not play.	He/she/it doesn't play.	Does he/she/it play?
Множественное число
We play.	We do not play.	We don't play.	Do we play?
You play.	You do not play.	You don't play.	Do you play?
They play.	They do not play.	They don't play.	Do they play?

Задание 9.1. Вставьте глаголы start, take, eat, think, sleep, go, like, drink, write, live в Present Simple.

1.  The serial on TV... every day at 8 p. m.

2.  The children... milk with their meals.

3.  Cats usually... a lot.

4.  Julie ... a letter to her mother once a week.

5.  Tom and Julie... in a big city in the centre of the country.

6.  Tourists ... to Egypt to see the pyramids.

7.  Jimmy always... the bus to go to school.

8.  We all know that children... sweets.

9.  Anne ... it's a good idea to do English exercises.

10.  If you want to be healthy, you must... good food.

Задание 9.2. Джон – продавец в магазине. Посмотрите на график его работы и заполните пропуски соответствующими обстоятельствами времени sometimes, always, usually или never.

Opening times

Monday … 9.00 – 5.00

Tuesday … 9.00 – 5.00

Wednesday … 9.00 – 5.00

Thursday … 9.00 – 5.00

Friday … 9.00 – 8.00

Saturday … 9.00 – 12.00

Sunday … Closed

1.  He … (start) work at nine o’clock.

2.  He … (finish) work at five.

3.  He … (finish) work at eight.

4.  He … (work) on Sundays.

5.  He … (finish) before five.

PAST SIMPLE

[V + ed]

Past Simple правильных глаголов образуется от неопределенной формы глагола без частицы to с добавлением окончания - ed (-d).

Время	Использование	Примеры	Используемые обстоятельства времени, предлоги и вводные слова
SIMPLE PAST	(A) законченное действие в прошлом (B) законченное событие в прошлом, не имеющее связи с настоящим (C) действие, регулярно происходившее в прошлом (D) описание последовательных событий в прошлом	(A)The mail came early in the morning. (B) John worked in advertising for ten years. (C) We jogged every morning before classes. (D) She ran out of the house, jumped on her bike and rode off.	yesterday, a minute (day, week …) ago, last year (month, week …), the day before yesterday

Формы глагола в Past Simple

Утверждение	Отрицание (полная форма)	Отрицание (краткая форма)	Вопрос
Единственное число
I played.	I did not play.	I didn't play.	Did I play?
You played.	You did not play.	You didn't play.	Did you play?
He/she/it played.	He/she/it did not play.	He/she/it didn't play.	Did he/she/it play?
Множественное число
We played.	We did not play.	We didn't play.	Did we play?
You played.	You did not play.	You didn't play.	Did you play?
They played.	They did not play.	They didn't play.	Did they play?

Правильные и неправильные глаголы

Все глаголы в английском языке по способу образования прошед­шего времени можно разделить на две группы: правильные и непра­вильные. У правильных глаголов вторая и третья формы (Past Simple и Past Participle — простое прошедшее время и причастие прошедше­го времени) совпадают между собой и образуются путем прибавления к основе глагола окончания - ed (-d):

to ask — asked to receive — received

to change — changed to work— worked

При этом:

а)  если глагол оканчивается на - у с предшествующей согласной, то буква у меняется на i и добавляется окончание -ed: to supply — supplied; to apply — applied.

Если глагол оканчивается на - у с предшествующей гласной, то бук­ва у не меняется и добавляется окончание - ed: to stay — stayed; to play — played;

б)  если глагол оканчивается на согласную с предшествующим кратким гласным звуком, то согласная на конце удваивается: to stop — stopped.

Задание 9.3. Прочитайте историю жизни Уильяма Шекспира.

a) Заполните пропуски в тексте формами следующих глаголов в Past Simple:

leave write marry return be born work die have travel be

William Shakespeare

Shakespeare (1) in Stratford – upon – Avon on April, 23, 1564. He (2) school when he (3) about 14 to work in a shop. At eighteen he (4) Anne Hathaway and they (5) three children. A few years later he (6) to London and (7) in the theatre. He (8) thirty – seven plays that are still loved and performed today. Towards the end of his life, he (9) to his family and home in Stratford. Shakespeare (10) on April 23, 1616, his fifty – second birthday.

b) Here are three more facts about Shakespeare’s life. Put them in the correct place in his life story.

1.  When he was 28, he was a well – known actor and playwright.

2.  He left behind him the richest imaginary world ever created.

3.  He was the third child of John and Mary Shakespeare.

Задание 9.4. Раскройте скобки, поставьте глагол в Past Simple.

1.  Yesterday evening I (not go) to the cinema with a friend.

2.  He (go) to school last year?

3.  Last night the concert (finish) at midnight.

4.  The secretary (arrive) at the office this morning before her chief.

5.  Tom (not give) a bicycle to his friend.

6.  The train was at 8 p. m. so I (leave) home at 7 p. m.

7.  Last Sunday was my mother's birthday, so I (make) a cake.

8.  I (start) to learn English five years ago.

9.  It (begin) to rain in the afternoon.

в)  10.Julie (do) a lot of English exercises last week.

Задание 9.5. Раскройте скобки, поставьте глагол в Past Simple.

1.  We (buy) a new car on Tuesday.

2.  Mandy not (do) her homework yesterday.

3.  When you (meet) Jane?

4.  Why they (go) to London?

5.  I not (be) ill last month.

6.  Where your parents (live) when they (be) young?

7.  Jill (be) in London last year.

8.  When Fred (give) you this ring?

9.  We not (visit) them when they (be) ill.

10.  I (read) Hamlet last year.

FUTURE SIMPLE

1.  [will] + [verb]

2.  [am/is/are] + [going to] + [V]

Время	Использование	Примеры	Используемые обстоятельства времени, предлоги и вводные слова
SIMPLE FUTURE	(A) решение, принятое в момент речи (B) предсказание вероятного события в будущем по личному мнению (C) выражение готовности, желания что-либо сделать	(A) Perhaps I’ll call you after lunch. (B) You will pass the test. Don’t worry. (I think so.) (C) If I don’t feel better soon, I will go to the doctor.	perhaps, probably, possibly, I think, I am sure, I wonder

Формы глагола в Future Simple

Утверждение	Отрицание (полная форма)	Отрицание (краткая форма)	Вопрос
Единственное число
I shall/will play.	I shall/will not play.	I shan't/won't play.	Shall/Will I play?
You will play.	You will not play.	You won't play.	Will you play?
He/she/it will play.	He/she/it will not play.	He/she/it won't play.	Will he/she/it play?
Множественное число
We shall/will play.	We shall/will not play.	We won't play.	Shall/Will we play?
You will play.	You will not play.	You won't play.	Will you play?
They will play.	They will not play.	They won't play.	Will you play?

Задание 9.6. Напишите предложения в Future Simple, внося необходимые изменения и дополняя их словами tomorrow, next Sunday, next month и т. п.:

1. Henry invites many guests to his parties. 2. They travel in summer. 3. I take my dog for a walk two times a day. 4. Mother cooks nice dinners. 5. We often discuss our plans. 6. She buys a new dress every month. 7. He goes shopping on Sunday. 8. I drink coffee. 9. In other cities we always visit interesting places. 10. My parents get up early.