Контрольное задание № 1 (стр. 10 )

Пояснения к тексту

imperative — настоятельная необходимость

cultural and recreational facilities — культура и отдых

payments and benefits — выплаты и льготы

OUR PARTY'S ECONOMIC POLICY

The country has entered the new decade with a powerful economic and scientific-technological potential, and with a multimillion army of well-trained personnel. The Soviet Union has advanced to first place in the world in the output of many important products, which include oil and steel, cement and chemical fertilisers, wheat and cotton. Profound qualitative changes have taken place in all fields of social life. These changes are known to be especially evident in the economy. The country's economic potential has grown enormously. The steep upsurge in Soviet industry can be seen in the Soviet Union's outstanding achievements in space exploration, in developing electronic and optical technology and in a number of other leading spheres of scientific and technological progress. The conditions in which the national economy will be developing in the eighties make the acceleration of scientific and technological progress ever more pressing. The close integration of science and production is an imperative of the contemporary epoch.

It is planned to improve all aspects of the Soviet people's life – consumption and housing, cultural and recreational facilities, working and living conditions. The national income used for consumption and accumulation is to be increased by at least 40 per cent by 1990. Capital investments are to increase by just as much. Wages and salaries, other payments and benefits to the population will be increased Concrete concern for the concrete person, for his needs and requirements is known to be the main objective of the Party's economic policy.

V. Прочтите 4-й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на вопрос: What is the main aim of the Party's economic policy?

ВАРИАНТ 7

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, принимая во внимание, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты большей частью соответствуют придаточным предложениям (см. образец выполнения 1).

The average annual grain crop is supposed to go up more and more. The new efficient methods are sure to increase labour productivity at our plant We expect the output of the light and food industries to rise by 26-28 per cent

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, учитывая различия в переводе зависимого и независимого причастных оборотов (см. образец выполнения 2).

1. The aim of the new Five-Year Plan is to achieve a new and higher level in our economic development, quality indicators acquiring a determining significance.

Raising the quality of products is a serious problem facing agriculture. The living standards of the Soviet people rising, our light industry is to produce more and better-quality goods.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие сложные предложения, содержащие придаточные предложения условия.

If the agreement had been concluded, our factory would have got necessary raw materials and equipment. Provided we used machines, equipment, labour and natural resources better, we should achieve greater production volume.

IV. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 4-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3 и 4-й абзацы.

Пояснения к тексту

per capita — на душу населения

machine-tool building — станкостроение

electrical engineering – электротехника

PROGRESS OF SOVIET ECONOMY

1. For almost half a century the Soviet Union's economic development has been determined by five-year plans. Throughout the world the Soviet five-year plans have become a symbol of the rapid social and economic progress.

2. Because of the high and steady rates of economic development the USSR is known to have achieved the world's highest level of production per capita' in many areas of the national economy. The industries which are the leaders in scientific and technological progress - electronics, machine-tool building, chemistry and others move forward at an accelerated rate. The results of the country's economic development are most fully characterized by its national income, the source of mass consumption and growing national wealth.

The 11th Five-Year Plan is a new stage in the development of socialist relations and the Soviet way of life. The new Five-Year Plan is considered to be a concrete programme of achieving a higher level in the economic development of the country and in the life of the Soviet people. The efforts of the Party and the people are directed at assuring rapid progress of the economy and improving the Soviet people's well-being. The main aim of production under socialism is to ensure a considerable increase in the quantity and a substantial improvement in the quality of goods and to satisfy the growing demand of the population more fully with the help of all-round mechanization and automation.

5. Much attention will be devoted to efficiency and quality. The Soviet economy has arrived at a stage when satisfying the people's needs in high-quality consumer goods, as well as the use of the latest technology and technique in production are becoming the condition of further progress.

V. Прочтите 5-й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:

What will much attention be devoted to in the current Five-Year Plan?

ВАРИАНТ 8

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, принимая во внимание, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты большей частью соответствуют придаточным предложениям (см. образец выполнения 1).

The current Five-Year Plan period is sure to reflect the Soviet Union's outstanding successes in economic development and in improving the living standards of the Soviet people. At present the social consumption funds are supposed to add approximately 25-30 per cent to the real incomes of the population. We expect the national economy to receive during the Five-Year Plan period 9.6 million specialists with higher and specialized secondary education.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, учитывая различия в переводе зависимого и независимого причастных, оборотов (см. образец выполнения 2).

The Great October Socialist Revolution opened a new epoch in the world history, its main characteristic being the transition from capitalism to socialism. People having a lower income or large families receive more payments and benefits from the social consumption funds. Soviet agriculture successfully developing on the basis of mechanization and chemicalization, the proportion of meat, fruit and vegetables in the diet is rapidly increasing.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие сложные предложения, содержащие придаточные предложения условия.

If the light industry had not concentrated on the quality and variety of goods, it wouldn't have been able to satisfy the people's demand for some kinds of consumer goods. Provided the range (assortment) of products were extended, the store could apply new methods of servicing.

IV. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 4-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3 и 4-й абзацы.

Пояснения к тексту

per capita — на душу населения

free of charge - бесплатный

medical college — медицинское учебное заведение

SOVIET PEOPLE'S WELL-BEING

1. The main purpose of the entire activity of the Soviet State and the Communist Party is the creation of the most favourable conditions for work, study, and leisure for the Soviet people, for their all-round development and the optimal application of their abilities.

2. The national income is the basis for raising the living standards of the people. During the previous five years it grew by 28 per cent, its absolute increase amounting to 76 thousand million roubles

3. We know the rapid development of social production in the USSR to be accompanied by a rise in the real incomes of the population. Over the past 15 years the real incomes per capita1 have approximately doubled. The average wages and salaries are supposed to increase by another 13 to 16 per cent, and collective farmers' incomes by 20 to 22 per cent under the current Five-Year Plan.

4. The rights of the Soviet citizens in the field of health protection and education are written into the Constitution of the USSR. Education, from primary school through university, is free of charge. The Soviet Union holds the first place in the world in providing medical services to the population, over forty thousand doctors graduating annually from the medical colleges of the country.

5. The Soviet people may be justly proud of their achievements in economy, culture, and science, and of the living standards they have attained. They are confident that tomorrow they will live still better than today, that their children will enjoy considerably more benefits than their own generation.

V. Прочтите 5-й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:

What are the Soviet people proud of?

ВАРИАНТ 9

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, принимая во внимание, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты - большей частью соответствуют придаточным предложениям (см. образец выполнения 1).

We know the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance to comprise ten socialist countries in Europe, Asia and America. The all-round mechanization and automation are sure to increase labour productivity in all spheres of our economy. The total industrial output of the socialist countries is expected to grow considerably.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите данные ниже предложения, учитывая различия в переводе зависимого и независимого причастных оборотов (см. образец выполнения 2).

1. Engineers use computers widely, the latter assisting to solve many problems of our national economy.

Having solved many scientific and technical problems, our engineers and workers could increase the output of consumer goods. Mechanization and automation having been introduced in the economy, the well-being of the population started growing steadily.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие сложные предложения, содержащие придаточные предложения условия.