Instructor’s resource manual and test bank for joining together: Group Theory and Group Skills, 11e (стр. 20 )

c. Members are more affected by prestige and status

d. Members are likely to be less honest

5. In research on team effectiveness, working in teams (as opposed to competitive or individual work) resulted in

a. Higher individual productivity

b. Lower individual productivity

c. Higher team productivity

d. Lower team productivity

e. a and c

f. b and d

6. The relations among divisions, departments, teams, and individuals in an organization are better if

a. Interdependence is low

b. Interdependence is high

c. Job skills are high

d. Management requires it

7. Which of the following contains the steps of action research?

a. Diagnosis, feedback, planning, action, rediagnosis

b. Diagnosis, analyzing, marketing, selling, evaluation

c. Information gathering, organizational decision-making, evaluation

d. Problem formation, brainstorming, decision-making, implementation

8. Analyzing work procedures and activities to improve team productivity is known as

a. Organizational development

b. Organizational effectiveness

c. Team building

d. Management oversight

9. Team members should be selected on the basis of their

a. Expertise and skills

b. Position in the organization

c. High-power position

d. Personality

10. The larger the team is

a. The more the members contribute to its efforts

b. The more anonymous members feel

c. The easier it is to work through differences

d. The easier it is to do real work

11. In establishing team positive interdependence, it is important that the team have

a. General team goals

b. Specific team goals

c. General tasks to accomplish

d. Specific delegation of tasks

12. Accountability is best put into place by

a. Mandates from management

b. Oversight committee responsible for evaluation

c. The expectation that everyone knows their job and will do it

d. Promise members make to themselves and teammates

13. Accountability should measure

a. Team performance

b. Individual contributions

c. Management support

d. a and b

e. All of the above

14. In building team commitment, it is important for the team to

a. Understand the goals of management

b. Reframe the goals

c. Decide on their own goals

d. Reject any goals they do not agree with

15. With group skills, it is most important to

a. Pick members who have all the skills needed

b. Eliminate less skillful members

c. Include on-going training in skills

d. Manage with whatever skills members have

16. Group processing means that groups

a. Divide up the work

b. Reframe their goals

c. Get training in teamwork skills

d. Evaluate their group effectiveness

17. In initial meetings, groups should

a. Establish clear rules of conduct

b. Learn new facts and information

c. Break into subgroups

d. Get the support of management

18. To assess the quality of work, it is most necessary to decide

a. Who the group will hire to do evaluation

b. What to measure

c. How to measure it

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All of the above

19. When a chart looks at how often an event happens, it is a

a. Flowchart

b. Cause and effect diagram

c. Check sheet

d. Pareto chart

e. Run chart

f. Scatter diagram

20. When a chart plots the steps in a sequence, it is a

a. Flowchart

b. Cause and effect diagram

c. Check sheet

d. Pareto chart

e. Run chart

f. Scatter diagram

21. When a chart displays the cause and effect relationship between two process variables, it is a

a. Flowchart

b. Cause and effect diagram

c. Check sheet

d. Pareto chart

e. Run chart

f. Scatter diagram

22. When a chart represents the relationships between some effect and possible causes, it is a

a. Flowchart

b. Cause and effect diagram

c. Check sheet

d. Pareto chart

e. Run chart

f. Scatter diagram

23. When a chart represents a line graph used to monitor the behavior of a selected characteristic over time, it is a

a. Flowchart

b. Cause and effect diagram

c. Check sheet

d. Pareto chart

e. Run chart

f. Scatter diagram

24. When a chart helps teams separate the few vital problems and causes from the many trivial ones, it is a

a. Flowchart

b. Cause and effect diagram

c. Check sheet

d. Pareto chart

e. Run chart

f. Scatter diagram

25. Which is NOT a reason teams are useful in training programs?

a. Explaining to others results in greater conceptual understanding

b. Team members can give appropriate feedback

c. Team members can critique the training and the trainer

d. Team members can encourage and motivate each other

26. Which is NOT an attribute of total quality management?

a. A way to determine ineffective workers and fire them

b. A way to identify processes and measure their effectiveness

c. Formation, training, and development of effective teams

d. focus on the customer

27. Which is NOT one of Deming’s fourteen principles?

a. Remove barriers to pride of workmanship

b. Remove barriers between staff areas

c. Institute numerical quotas

d. Drive out fear

28. Which of the following is a step in making total quality management work?

a. Get instructions from management

b. Select a process for improvement

c. Assign everyone to jobs

d. Give pay raises to those who work the hardest

TRUE OR FALSE

29. In a team, leadership is shared among members.

30. In a working group, members develop products together.

31. In electronic communication, members are less likely to speak their minds.

32. Cooperation has been found to be a more powerful influence on team productivity than individual characteristics of members, such as the ability to do the task.

33. Most team building is based on an action research model.

34. When team members all have different expertise, it inhibits productivity.

35. Training is most effective if it is individual rather than team-based.

36. W. Edward Deming believed that most of the problems in an organization are caused by individual workers.

37. The first step in making total quality management work is to form a team.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

38. Explain what a team is and how it differs from a working group.

39. Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of electronic communication in teams.

40. Explain what a mass-production organization is.

41. Explain what a team-based high performance organization is.

42. What are the steps of action research that are used in organizational development?

43. What issues should be considered when forming teams?

44. What is important in establishing positive interdependence in teams?

45. What is important in establishing individual accountability in teams?

46. Explain how to build team commitment.

47. What is important for a team to do in group processing?

48. What is important for a team to do in its initial meeting?

49. Pick one type of measurement tool described in this chapter. Explain what it is.

50. Explain how teams are useful in training programs.

51. Explain what total quality management is.

52. Explain what the 85/15 rule is.

53. Describe how total quality management regards the customer.

54. Explain the difference in who quality is determined in a mass-production organization and opposed to a team-based high performance organization.

55. What are the six steps in total quality management?

Additional Exercises for Chapter 1: Group Dynamics

Developing an Effective Group

The purpose of this exercise is to give participants some practice in planning how to develop an effective group. The procedure for the exercise is as follows:

1. The class forms groups of four.

2. Groups read and discuss the Sinking Boat Situation, and then answer the following questions about the situation:

a. Which alternative would you choose if you were there?

b. Which alternative would you want your companions to choose?

c. What kind of people would you want as companions in such a situation?

d. What should the goals of the group be?

e. How should leadership be managed?

f. Who should have the most power in making decisions?

g. What decision-making procedure should be used?

h. How should conflicts be managed?

3. Each group decides whether its answers to the preceding questions are indicative of an effective or an ineffective group.

4. Each group shares its answers with the rest of the class.

Sinking Boat Situation

On a dark summer night, seven people cling to a swamped and slowly sinking boat on a black tropical sea. They are not alone. A large shark glides below them, and soon, perhaps, there will be more. With fear thick in their salt-swollen throats, the seven are faced with a difficult choice. If they kick in unison, they may be able to fight the fierce current and tides driving them away from the shore and all make it to safety; if they stick together they have an equal chance to survive or drown. If they split up, each going it alone, one or two of the stronger swimmers might make it to safety, but the majority will certainly drown or be ­devoured by sharks.

Additional Exercises for Chapter 3: Group Goals, social Interdependence, and Trust

Plane Wreck

The purpose of this exercise is to give participants an opportunity to experience cooperation based on a division of labor as well as a joint goal. The procedure is as follows:

1. The class forms groups of three. One member plays the role of observer, another member the role of A, and the third member the role of B.

2. Each group of three needs the following materials:

a. a blindfold

b. five or six odd-sized pieces of cardboard

c. a roll of cellophane tape or masking tape

d. a piece of rope at least three feet long

3. The situation: A and B were flying a plane that suddenly developed engine trouble and crashed on a desert island with no water. They will be rescued in a few days, but they must have water if they are to survive. They have some materials for making a container to hold rainwater. The only problem is that B received a heavy blow on her head and is now both blind and mute. A has badly burned both hands and is not able to use them at all. But they must build the container if they are to live. A rain cloud is quickly approaching, and they must have the container finished before it reaches the island. A few drops are already beginning to fall.