Instructor’s resource manual and test bank for joining together: Group Theory and Group Skills, 11e (стр. 4 )

35. Harry has memorized and trained himself in the steps of constructive conflict resolution. Even though his action theory has not changed, it is likely that he will be effective in resolving conflicts as a result of his training.

36. When learning a new skill, it should be in a supportive environment.

37. The motivation to learn in experiential situations is primarily extrinsic.

38. For effective role playing, it is important that you have some good acting skills.

39. An effective and skilled group member is able to function both at the participant and the observer levels at the same time.

40. Feedback is based on the comparison between the actual and the ideal performance.

41. Evaluation is an integral part of a training session.

42. When teaching group skills, the most important ethical question is how important such cognitive and behavioral changes are for the participants.

43. In experiential learning, it is generally recommended that the participants are not made aware of the real goals of the exercise.

44. Both the coordinator and the participants should recognize that participation in an exercise is voluntary.

45. The coordinator should initiate confrontations between participants in order to promote personal growth.

46. The coordinator’s job is done when the training ends.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

47. Explain the difference between procedural learning and memorization

48. What is an action theory? Why is it relevant when studying group dynamics?

49. What is experiential learning? Explain the connection between experiential learning and action theories

50. Describe the four-stage cycle of experiential learning

51. Explain the principles of experiential learning

52. Name and explain the four steps of skill development

53. What is role-playing and how is it useful?

54. What is involved in developing competence as a participant-observer?

55. What are observation procedures? Explain how to do a structured observation

56. Explain the purpose in giving feedback

57. What is involved in a typical skill-training session? Discuss briefly

58. Discuss the ethical guidelines pertinent to coordinating a skill-training session

Chapter 3: Group Goals, Social Interdependence,
and Trust

1. Group goals are:

a. Intellectual

b. Determined by the leader

c. Analytical

d. Focusing

2. Research shows that when in cooperative setting, members are more concerned with

a. Group outcomes than with individual outcomes

b. Individual outcomes than with group outcomes

c. The pleasantness of the interaction between group members than with the

individual outcome

d. The individual outcome than with the pleasantness of the interaction between

group members

3. To ensure that members are committed to group goals, it is crucial that

a. The group goals are clearly presented by the group leader

b. The goals are desirable to all the group members to the same extent

c. The members are involved in defining the goals

d. The group goals function as a source of independence for all group members

4. Involving group members in formulating group goals is important for several reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of these reasons?

a. Members feel ownership of these goals

b. Members have a better understanding of the actions to be taken

c. Group goals match individual goals to a larger extent

d. Group goals benefit individual members more than the group

5. The following are all features of good operational goals. Which one is NOT?

a. Skills learned through achieving this goal can be transferred to other situations

b. Goals are relatively easy to achieve

c. Goals are specific and well defined

d. Progress in achieving the goal is measurable

6. As spring rolled around, Gregory‘s study group decided to get fit together. Playing soccer sounded like a fun way to do it. This is the goal they have come up with: we will get fit by kicking the ball around three times a week. This goal satisfies all of these criteria EXCEPT one. Which one?

a. Trackable and measurable

b. Achievable but challenging

c. Relevant

d. Transfer

7. Based on the START guide to formulating group goals, which of the following is a good group goal?

a. For the Moms’ Club of Ashton – each and every one of us will get fit by the

end of summer.

b. For the faculty of Woodbury University – we will learn the basics of knitting

(casting on stitches, purling, binding off) by the end of this month.

c. For the Runners’ Association of St. Paul – By the end of July, we will be

able to run the marathon in 4 hours.

d. For the members of a sorority – we will get the Nobel Prize in 2 years.

8. The following is a goal for the employees of IRS: we will learn the basics of chess (setting the table, basic moves and strategies, chess etiquette) by the end of this month. What’s wrong with this goal?

a. Specific

b. Trackable and measurable

c. Achievable but challenging

d. Relevant

9. Group goals must be

a. Of a passionate nature

b. Clearly understood

c. Related to the structured interdependence of the group members

d. All of the above

10. In contrast to nonoperational goals, operational goals

a. Bind members through a shared emotional commitment

b. Present a unique image of the future

c. Are based on positive social interdependence

d. Easily identifiable indicators of achievement

11. Which of the following is a good operational goal?

a. Name the educational philosophies that you most agree with

b. Discuss the main differences between negative and positive social

interdependence

c. List the five qualities that are relevant for a group goal

d. Understand the theoretical underpinnings of levels of aspiration

12. Having operational goals for a group has a lot of advantages. Which of the following is NOT one of them? Operational goals

a. Facilitate communication between group members

b. Guide the group in planning and carrying out tasks

c. Help evaluate the group process and the group product

d. Inspire group members to achieve their own goals

13. Mikel and Alicia are meeting to try to help their charity raise money. Which is an example of a good operational goal?

e up with three ideas for raising $300 in the next two weeks.

b. Discuss how to better our future fund-raising

c. Make conclusions about what’s wrong with our fund-raising

d. How to get all members to raise money

14. Level of aspiration can be defined as a compromise between

a. Ideal goals and realistic expectations

b. Individual goals and group goals

plete trust and mistrust

d. Visions and operational goals

15. Hidden agendas are

a. Heterogeneous, conflicting goals among group members that can interfere

with group effectiveness

b. Homogeneous goals among group members that are not aligned with the

dominant group goal

c. Personal goals unknown to other group members and not in agreement

with the dominant group goal

d. Goals inaccessible to all group members that are in agreement with the

dominant group goal

16. To deal with hidden agendas, it is recommended that the group spend a lot of time on

a. Establishing trust among group members

b. Making sure everyone is one the same page regarding group goals

c. Creating positive social interdependence and good conflict resolution skills

among the group members

d. Evaluating the group leader’s ability to set worthwhile goal for the group

17. When a hidden agenda is recognized, group members should

a. Scold the person for having it

b. Pressure the person into changing it

c. Problem-solve the hidden agenda

d. a and b

e. all of the above

d. none of the above

18. In program evaluation and review or critical path review, groups need to

a. Specify the end state they want to achieve

b. Allocate resources based on membership-role relationships

c. Appoint a consultant to interview the group members about their views on the

priorities for the group

d. Evaluate the ability of the group to deal with hidden agendas productively

19. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective group goals? Goals

a. Are operationally defined

b. Create negative interdependence among group members

c. Are perceived as meaningful and relevant by the group members

d. Offer a moderate risk of failure

20. Social interdependence theory originally evolved from

a. Asch’s theory of influence

b. Lewin’s field theory

c. Lissner’s theory of substitute value activity

d. Deutsch’s theory of bargaining

e. Koffka’s Gestalt theory

21. The two types of interdependence (cooperation and competition) were first conceptualized by

a. Morton Deutsch

b. David Johnson

c. Kurt Lewin

d. Dean Tjosvold

22. Social interdependence exists when individuals share the same goals, and

a. The outcome of one person is affected by the actions of a second person, but

not vice versa

b. Individuals’ outcomes are unaffected by each other’s actions

c. Each individual’s outcomes are influenced by the other person’s actions

d. At least one of the group members wants to work together cooperatively

23. According to Deutsch’s theory, how individuals interact with each other is determined by

a. The type of interdependence structured in the situation

b. The type of personalities brought together in a situation

c. The extent to which these individuals share goals

d. The level of trust these individuals exhibit in each other

24. When a situation is structured cooperatively, the interaction pattern is

a. Oppositional

b. Pathological

c. Promotive

d. Nonexistent

25. The Hermans and the Fanellis are neighbors who occasionally get together for a BBQ and have sometimes exchanged recipes. Their relationship is probably

a. Cooperative

petitive

c. Dependent

d. Individualistic

26. Len and Krista have a 5-month old baby, Henry. Krista takes care of him during the day and Len is responsible for his well-being at night. Henry sleeps well at night if he gets good naps during the day. However, if he is overtired, by the time his evening bedtime rolls around he wakes up several times during the night and is hard to soothe. Len and Krista’s relationship can be described as