Сборник тестовых заданий по патологической анатомии (стр. 3 )

3) Purpura

4) Ecchymoses

5) Hemothorax

49. Minute 1- to 2-mm hemorrhages into skin, mucous membranes or serosal surfaces are called

1) Hematomas

2) Petechiae

3) Purpura

4) Ecchymoses

5) Hemothorax

50. Large accumulations of blood in one or another of the body cavities are termed as all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Hemothorax

2) Hemopericardium

3) Hemosiderasis

4) Hemoperitoneum

5) Heinarthrosis

51. All of the following factors predispose to thrombosis. EXCEPT

1) Pancreatic carcinoma

2) Pregnancy

3) Vitamin К deficiency

4) Sickle cell anemia

5) Severe burns

52. Red infarct is caused by all of the following events, EXCEPT

1) Coronary artery thrombosis

2) Pulmonary embolism

3) Torsion of the testis

4) Superior mesenteric artery thromboembolism

5) Portal vein thrombosis

53. The fate of the thrombus may be all of the following EXCEPT

1) Dissolution

2) Recanalization

3) Organization

4) Propagation

5) Malignization

54. The causes of infarct include all pathologic conditions EXCEPT

1) Thrombotic events

2) Embolic events

3) Arterial occlusion

4) Local vasospasm

5) Hemophilia

55. Ischemic injury in the central nervous system results in which of the following variants of necrosis

1) Liquefactive

2) Coagulative

3) Caseous

4) Gangrenous

5) Pat

56. Red infarct occurs in which of the following organs and parts of the body

1) Lung

2) Heart

3) Spleen

4) Kidney

5) Lower extremity

57. Pulmonary emboli may originate from all of the following sites. EXCEPT

1) Deep leg veins

2) Inferior vena cava

3) Pelvic veins

4) Portal vein

5) Right atrial appendage

58. The development of endothelial, lined blood channels that reestablish blood flow through a vascular thrombus is known as

1) Collateral circulation

2) Recanalization

3) Organization

4) Hyalinization

5) Incapsulation

59. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is characterized by all of the following features, EXEPT

1) Decreased fibrinolysis

2) Decreased plasma fibrinogen

3) Hemolysis

4) Prolonged partial thromboplastin time

5) Thrombocytopenia

60. Emboli in the pulmonary trunk may cause which of the following outcomes

1) Lung infarct

2) Sudden death

3) Myocardial infarct

4) Disseminated intravascular coagulation

5) Lobar pneumonia

61. The cellular adaptation without cell proliferation include all of the following pathologic processes, EXCEPT

1) Apoptosis

2) Atrophy

3) Hyperplasia

4) Hypertrophy

5) Metaplasia

62. Hyperplasia is characterized by which of the following

1) Increase in the size of cells

2) Increase in the number of cells

3) Increase in the number of nuclei

4) Shrinkage of cells

5) Atypia of cells

63. Proliferation of endometrial epithelium during pregnancy is which of the following variant of adaptations

1) Compensatory hyperplasia

2) Pathologic hyperplasia

3) Hormonal hyperplasia

4) Compensatory hypertrophy

5) Hormonal hypertrophy

64. Hyperplasia of hepatic cells that occurs after partial hepatectomy is which of the following variant of adaptations

1) Pathologic hyperplasia

2) Hormonal hyperplasia

3) Hormonal hypertrophy

4) Compensatory hyperplasia

5) Compensatory hypertrophy

65. The most common clinical manifestation of endometrial hyperplasia is which of the following

1) Abnormal uterine bleeding

2) Menses stopping

3) Pains

4) Purulent discharges

5) Mucous discharges

66. Simple endometrial hyperplasia is characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Increase in the number and size of endometrial glands

2) Atypia of glands cells

3) Glands' crowding

4) Increase in gland-to-stroma ratio

5) Dilated endometrial glands

67. Hypoplasia is characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Incomplete development of an organ

2) Decreased number of cells

3) Increased number of cells

4) Underdevelopment of an organ

5) Decreased function of an organ

68.Dysplasia is characterized by all of the following. EXCEPT

1) Abnormal organization of cells

2) Loss in the uniformity of the

3) Loss in cell architectural organization

4) Replacement of one adult cell type by another adult cell type

5) Variation of cells in size and shape

69. Conditions leading to endometrial hyperplasia include all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Polycystic ovarian disease

2) Functioning granulosa cell tumors of the ovary

3) Prolonged administration of estrogenic substances

4) Excessive ovarian cortical function

5) Analgesic substances

70. Which of the following pathologic processes results from dysplasia

1) Aplasia

2) Hypoplasia

3) Hyperpigmentation

4) Calcification

5) Neoplasm

71. Disorders of the immune system include all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Hyalinosis

2) Hypersensitivity reactions

3) Autoimmune diseases

4) Immunologic deficiency syndromes

5) Amyloidosis

72. All of the following diseases result from Type III hypersensitivity (immune complex disorders), EXCEPT

1) Glomerulonephritis

2) Farmer's lung

3) Myocardial infarction

4) Hemolytic anemia

5) Systemic lupus erythematosus

73. Complement activation induces all of the following proinflammatory effects, EXCEPT

1) Release of C3b

2) Production of chemotactic factors

3) Release of anaphylatoxins

4) Formation of antigens

5) Cytolysis

74. Morphologic changes in glomeruli in systemic lupus erythematosus are characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Swelling and proliferation of the endothelial cells

2) Swelling and proliferation of mesangial cells

3) Infiltration of neutrophils

4) Presence of fibrinoid necrosis and hyaline thrombi

5) Infiltration with plasma cells

75. The most common cause of the glomerular damage in the systemic lupus erythematosus is which of the following

1) Local anaphylaxis