Сборник тестовых заданий по патологической анатомии (стр. 9 )

2) Immune response to altered beta-cells

3) Deranged insulin secretion

4) Inadequate glucose utilization

5) Peripheral tissue insulin resistance

205. Genetic defects of b-cell function leading to diabetes development are all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Mutations in the gene for nuclear transcription factor 4a - MODY-I

2) Mutations in the glucokinase gene - MODY 2

3) Mutations in the gene for HNF-la - MODY 3

4) Point mutations in the gene for low-density lipoprotein receptor - MODY 4

5) Point mutations in mitochondrial DNA

206. Diabetic nephropathy can lead to all of the following pathologic processes, EXCEPT

1) Nephrosclerosis

2) Hydronephrosis

3) Glomerulosclerosis

4) Tubulopathy

5) Pyelonephritis

207. Diabetic nephropathy is microscopically characterized by all of the following features, EXCEPT

1) Diffuse glomerulosclerosis

2) Diffuse increasing in the mesangial matrix

3) Amyloid masses within mesangial matrix

4) Mesangial cell proliferation

5) Basement membrane thickening

208. Diabetic microangiopathy is most evident in the capillaries of all of the following organs, EXCEPT

1) Liver

2) Skin

3) Skeletal muscle

4) Retina (eye)

5) Kidney

209. The most threatening and frequent atherosclerotic events in long standing diabetes are all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Lung artery thromboembolism

2) Myocardial infarction

3) Cerebrovascular accidents

4) Gangrene of the leg

5) Renal insufficiency

210. Thyrotoxicosis may be caused by all of the following disorders, EXCEPT

1) Diffuse hyperplasia of thyroid in Graves' disease

2) Ingestion of exogenous thyroid hormone

3) Hyperfunctional multinodular goiter

4) Hyperfunctional adenoma of me thyroid

5) Pituitary lesions reducing TSH secretion

211. Risk factors for cervical cancer development include all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Early age at first intercourse

2) Multiple sexual partners

3) Oral contraceptive use

4) Alcohol abuse

5) HPV - infection

212. An important factor in cervical oncogenesis is which of the following

1) HPV - infection

2) Herpes simplex

3) Herpes zoster

4) Human immunodeficiency virus

5) Respiratory syncytial virus

213. Invasive cervical carcinoma can manifest in which of the following patterns

1) Ulcerated tumor

2) Endocervical polyp

3) Grape-like projections

4) Paget's cancer

5) Flattened plaque cancer

214. Advanced cervical carcinoma can extend by direct continuity to all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Urinary bladder

2) Ureters

3) Colon transversum

4) Rectum

5) Peritoneum

215. Distant hematogenic metastases of invasive cervical carcinoma occur in all of the following organs EXCEPT

1) Liver

2) Lungs

3) Bone marrow

4) Lymph nodes

5) Kidney

216. The stain that helps to detect precancer and cancer of the cervix in smears is which of the following

1) Weigert's

2) Papanicolaou

3) Sudan III

4) Toluidine blue

5) Hematoxylin and eosin

217. Endometrial hyperplasia is related to which of the following pathologic processes

1) High estrogenic stimulation with normal progestational activity

2) Normal estrogenic stimulation with increased progestational activity

3) High estrogenic stimulation with diminished progestational activity

4) High estrogenic stimulation and progestational activity

5) Normal estrogenic stimulation and progestational activity

218. Conditions leading to endometrial hyperplasia include all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Polycystic ovarian disease

2) Functioning granulosa cell tumors of the ovary

3) Excessive ovarian cortical function (cortical stroma hyperplasia)

4) Endometriosis

5) Estrogens replacement therapy

219. Higher frequency of carcinoma of the endometrium is commonly associated with all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Young age

2) Obesity

3) Diabetes mellitus

4) Hypertension

5) Infertility (anovulatory cycles)

220. All statements concerning leiomyomas are true, EXCEPT

1) They regress or calcify after castration or menopause

2) They do not responds to estrogens

3) They may undergo rapid increase in size during pregnancy

4) Their cause is unknown

5) They are found in 25% of reproductive women

221. The pathological process which can be found in blood vessels in infective septic endocarditis is which of the following

1) Hemosiderosis

2) Vasculitis

3) Hyalinosis

4) Sclerosis

5) Amyloidosis

222. First pyemic metastases in septicopyemia can be found in which of the following organs

1) Lymph nodes

2) Spleen

3) Lungs

4) Heart

5) Skin

223. Abscesses can be found in which of the following variants of sepsis

1) Septicaemia

2) Septicopyemia

3) Chronic sepsis

4) Bacterial endocarditis

5) Infective nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis

224. The pathological process that can be found in the stroma of the organs in septicaemia is which of the following

1) Interstitial inflammation

2) Hyalinosis

3) Necrosis

4) Apoptosis

5) Hyperplasia

225. The pathological process that can be found in lymphoid organs in septicemia is which of the following

1) Hypoplasia

2) Hyperplasia

3) Infarct

4) Acute inflammation

5) Hemosiderosis

226. The pathological process that can be found in the spleen in chronic sepsis is which of the following

1) Hemochromatosis

2) Infarct

3) Hyperplasia