Сборник тестовых заданий по патологической анатомии (стр. 7 )

159. Aschoff giant cells are large mesenchymal cells and are believed to be derived from which of the following cells

1) Macrophages

2) Fibroblasts

3) Lymphocytes

4) Eosinophyles

5) Erythrocytes

160. The valvular effects of chronic rheumatic heart disease are all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Thickened and deformed valve leaflets

2) Valvular calcification

3) Thickened and shortened chordae tendineae

4) "Fish - mouth" appearance of the mitral valve

5) Valvular abscess formation

161. Chronic bronchitis is associated with all of the following pathologic changes, EXCEPT

1) Goblet cell hyperplasia in bronchi

2) Goblet cell metaplasia in bronchioli

3) Hypertrophy of bronchial submucosal glands

4) Inflammatory infiltration of bronchioli

5) Inflammatory infiltration of alveolar walls

162. Complications of the bronchopneumonia include all of the following pathologic changes, EXCEPT

1) Chronic bronchitis

2) Bronchiectasis

3) Pleural fibrosis

4) Metastatic abscess formation

5) Permanent lobar solidification

163. All of the following factors commonly predispose to bacterial pneumonia, EXCEPT

1) Viral respiratory tract infections

2) Cigarette smoking

3) Congestive heart failure

4) Bacterial urinary tract infection

5) General anesthesia

164. Aspiration of gastric components produces all of the following types of pulmonary injury, EXCEPT

1) Adult respiratory distress syndrome

2) Lipoid pneumonia

3) Lung abscess

4) Empyema

5) Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

165. Eosinophilic infiltrates characterize all of the following disorders, EXCEPT

1) Pneumocystic infection

2) Loeffler's syndrome

3) Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

4) Bronchial asthma

5) Pigeon/bird breeder's lung

166. Noncaseating pulmonary granulomas can be found in all of the following diseases, EXCEPT

1) Chronic berylliosis

2) Silicosis

3) Sarcoidosis

4) Tuberculosis

5) Alveococcosis

167. The abnormal fenestration and destruction of the walls of the alveoli, abnormal airspaces and possibly blebs or bullae are major histological features of which of the following disease

1) Emphysema

2) Chronic bronchitis

3) Bronchial asthma

4) Pneumonia

5) Lung abscess

168. The abnormal dilation of bronchi and bronchioli is the characteristic feature of which of the following disease

1) Emphysema

2) Lung abscess

3) Bronchiectasis

4) Bronchial asthma

5) Pneumonia

169. The stages of lobar pneumonia include all of the following EXCEPT

1) Congestion

2) Red hepatization

3) Carnification

4) Grey hepatization

5) Resolution

170. The most characteristic feature of viral pneumonia is which of the following

1) The interstitial nature of the inflammatory reaction

2) Presence of acute suppurative inflammation

3) Emphysema formation

4) Coalescent granulomas formation

5) Suppurative destruction of the lung parenchyma

171. The gastric mucosal protection from autodigestion is possible due to all of the following factors, EXCEPT

1) Mucous secretion

2) Bicarbonate secretion

3) Gastrin receptoractivation

4) Epithelial barrier

5) Mucosal blood flow

172. Chronic infection of the gastric mucosa is associated with which of the following bacterium

1) Escherichia coli

2) Helicobacter pylori

3) Campilobacter jejuni

4) Enterococcus falcium

5) Escherichia aurescens

173. Chronic gastritis may be characterized by all of the following features, EXCEPT

1) Suppurative inflammation

2) Lymphocyte infiltration

3) Plasma cell infiltration

4) Intestinal metaplasia

5) Atrophy

174. The major etiologic associations of chronic gastritis are all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Salmonella infections

2) Helicobacter pylori infection

3) Radiation injury

4) Granulomatous diseases

5) Autoimmune reactions

175. All of the following zones can be found morphologically in the active peptic ulcer base, EXCEPT

1) Necrotic debris

2) Nonspecific acute inflammation

3) Granulomatous tissue

4) Granulation tissue

5) Fibrosis

176. The appendix in acute appendicitis is grossly characterized by all of the following features, EXCEPT

1) Enlarged with thickened walls

2) Firm and indurated

3) Swollen

4) Hyperemic with engorged vessels

5) Fibrin covered serosa

177. The causes of malabsorption syndrome are all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Defective intraluminal digestion

2) Primary mucosal cell abnormalities

3) Reduced surface of the small intestine

4) Lymphatic obstruction

5) Small intestine diverticula

178. Pathologic changes of the intestinal wall in Crohn's disease include all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Granulomas

2) Areas of chronic inflammation with vasculitis

3) Pseudomembranous colitis

4) Segmental fibrosis

5) Slit ulcers

179. Predisposing conditions for ischemic bowel disease are all of the following, EXCEPT

1) Arteriolar thrombosis

2) Arteriolar embolism

3) Venous thrombosis

4) Helicobacter pylori infection

5) Portal hypertension syndrome

180. Classical peptic ulcer is grossly characterized by all of the following features, EXCEPT

1) Round-to-oval

2) Sharply denned

3) Punchet-out defect

4) Elevated margins

5) Superfacial defect

181. Point out the hepatic cells that participate in the storage and metabolism of vitamin A and transform into myofibroblasts

1) Hepatocytes

2) Stellate cells (Ito cells)

3) Kupffer's cells

4) Endothelial cells

5) Hepatic fibroblasts

182. Hepatitis В may be characterised by all of the following features, EXCEPT

1) Prolonged persistence of HBV in patient's blood

2) Presence of HBV in all pathologic and physiologic body fluids

3) Small size virus with defective RNA

4) Vertical transmission

5) Contamination of blood and blood products

183. A single large lipid droplet (macro vesicular steatosis) that displaces the nucleus, may be seen in all of the following pathologic conditions, EXCEPT

1) Hepatitis С